historical artistic movements

HistoricalArtistic Movements

1800’s - Present

Identify some of the most popular Western art movements of the past several centuries

Chose an inspirational art movement upon which to base a dream room design

Use design features in the dream room that reflect characteristics of chosen art movement

Objectives

Definition- A group of artists who agree on general principles

Historians and art critics have categorized artwork into different “movements” based on the style and time period it was created in

What is an Artistic Movement?

Throughout our history, artists have come together and created work that reflects the time period they were living in

Each new art movement was usually born out of a revolt of previous movements and ideas. Artists were always pushing the boundaries of what was considered acceptable. They were always rebellious!

What is an Artistic Movement?

Analogy: Art Movements are like styles and trends in fashion

Every few years, people rebel against the norm, and new trends emerge that remain grounded in a certain time period

However, multiple styles can exist at once (i.e. punk, preppy, hipster, classic, etc.)

What is an Artistic Movement?

Started in France and Britain

It’s an emotional style that is individualistic, beautiful, exotic, and emotionally wrought

Artists: Francisco Goya, William Blake, JMW Turner, Eugene Delacroix

Romanticism (1800 – 1880)

Romanticism (1800 – 1880)

Started in America in the Hudson River Valley

Landscape painters were influenced by Romanticism

Artists: Thomas Cole, Charles Baker, Albert Bierstadt

Hudson River School (1825 – 1885)

Hudson River School (1825 – 1885)

Began in France as a revolt against the exotic subject matter and exaggerated emotionalism and drama of the Romantic movement

Artists sought to portray real and typical contemporary people and situations with truth and accuracy

Artists: Gustave Courbet,Jean-Francois Millet, Edouard Manet

Realism (1850 – 1870)

Realism (1850 – 1870)

Began in Paris

Paintings of outdoors scenes had loose brush strokes and bright colors

Artists: Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Edgar Degas,John Singer Sargent

Impressionism (1867 – 1886)

Impressionism (1867 – 1886)

French artists extended Impressionism while rejecting its limitations

Used vivid colors and brush strokes, but distorted form for expressive effect, and used unnatural or arbitrary colors

Artists: Georges Seurat,Paul Cezanne, Vincent Van Gogh, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul Gauguin

Post-Impressionism (1880 – 1920)

Post-Impressionism (1880 – 1920)

Began in Germany at the turn of the 20th century

The artist evoked emotion through distortion, exaggeration, primitivism, fantasy, and non-naturalistic and exuberant colors

Artists: Henri Matisse, Edvard Munch, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Amedeo Modigliani, Max Beckmann

Fauvism / Expressionism (1900 – 1925)

Fauvism / Expressionism (1900 – 1925)

Took Europe by storm at the turn of the century

As a rejection of all previous traditions, art is broken down into its most simple elements (line, shape, space, etc.)

Artists: Piet Mondrian, Mark Rothko

Early Modernism (1890 – 1910)

Early Modernism (1890 – 1910)

Began in Paris by Picasso and Braque

Cubists broke from centuries of tradition in their paintings by rejecting the single viewpoint

Artists: Georges Braque, Pablo Picasso, Juan Gris, Paul Klee, Marc Chagall, Marcel Duchamp

Cubism (1908– 1914)

Cubism (1908– 1914)

Began in Italy

Glorified themes in painting and sculpture associated with the future, including speed, technology, youth and violence, and objects such as the car, the airplane, and the industrial city

Artists: Giacomo Balla, Umberto Boccioni

Futurism (1909– 1944)

Futurism (1909– 1944)

Began in Paris, and emerged from Dadaism

Dedicated to expressing the imagination as revealed in dreams, artists painted unnerving, illogical scenes and created strange creatures from everyday objects

Artists: Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, Max Earnst, MC Escher, Frida Kahlo

Surrealism (1920s– 1930s)

Surrealism (1920s– 1930s)

Also known as the “New Negro Movement,” began in Harlem, NY

An African-American movement depicting daily life in Harlem

Artists: Jacob Lawrence, Romare Bearden

Harlem Renaissance (1920s– 1930s)

Harlem Renaissance (1920s– 1930s)

Started in NY, post WWII

Aimed at subjective emotional expression with a particular emphasis on the creative spontaneous act (like action painting)

Artists: Wassily Kandinsky, Jackson Pollock, Willem De Kooning, Francis Bacon

Abstract Expressionism (1940 – 1960s)

Abstract Expressionism (1940 – 1960s)

Started Britain in the 1950s, and the U.S. in the 1960s

Mocks popular culture by using everyday items, like Campbell’s Soup Cans and advertisements in artwork

Artists: Roy Lichtenstein, Andy Warhol, Claus Oldenburg

Pop Art (1950s – 1960s)

Pop Art (1950s – 1960s)

Began in different places when certain artists started experimenting with illusions

Called “Optical” Art, this genre makes use of optical illusions in artwork

Artists: Bridget Riley, Victor Vasarely

Op Art (1960s)

Op Art (1960s)

Born out of cultural revolutions in the 1960s worldwide

It’s a rejection of the norm; a more eclectic and populist approach to creativity. ANYTHING can be considered ‘art’

Artists: Keith Haring, Fernando Botero, Damien Hirst, Kara Walker, Jasper Johns

Postmodernism (1960s - Present)

Post-Modernism (1960s - Present)

These were just the most well-known Western Art Movements from 1800-Present

Other cultures have their own history of art creation (Folk Art, African Art, Japanese Art, Aboriginal Art, etc.)

You may choose to research one non-Western Art movement, if you feel strongly about doing so

Movements From Other Cultures