hiragana workbook
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Table of Contents
Hiragana Charts .................................................................. 12
Stroke Order Practice ..................................................... 14
Learning Japanese Words in Hiragana ................... 85
Practicing Double Consonants ................................... 131
Using Modified Syllables .............................................. 133
Examples of Modified Syllables ............................... 139
Exceptions and a Little Grammar ........................... 142
Introduction ........................................................................... 3
Introduction There are 3 types of Japanese characters: hiragana, katakana, and kanji. The first two are called kana, and they are similar in that they are both sound-based characters.
In addition, there is rōmaji, which is Japanese that is written with the Latin alphabet. You don’t really need to spend any time learning rōmaji, since you already know it.
Hiragana and katakana are the most simple and important characters to learn, which is why it is best to learn them first!
Japanese sentences often contain a mix of hiragana, katakana, and kanji.
Hiraganaひらがな
Hiragana is probably the most important form of writing that you will learn. Hiragana is a syllabary, a sound-based form of writing. Most hiragana are made up of 2 English letters, but one sound or syllable (e.g. か ka, ま ma, な na).
Generally hiragana is used for particles and the ends of verbs and adjectives, while kanji is used for stems of verbs and adjectives and nouns. However, you can use hiragana to write anything in Japanese.
Katakanaカタカナ
Katakana, similar to hiragana, is a syllabary. Katakana is primarily used for words of foreign origin (words that come from English, Chinese, German, etc.).
However, this is not a hard rule. There are other times when katakana is used, but 99% of the time you see katakana, it will be for foreign words.
Japanese has a lot of foreign words, especially from English. Most Japanese billboards and magazines are full of Katakana.
Kanji
Kanji, the oldest form of Japanese writing, has its origin in China. Unlike hiragana and katakana, kanji each carry a meaning with them rather than a sound.
There are usually multiple ways to read the same kanji, making it difficult for beginners. However, sometimes one can guess the meaning of the kanji based on its parts.
Romajiローマ字
Rōmaji uses the Latin alphabet, making it so that even people who haven’t learned hiragana, katakana, or kanji can read and write in Japanese.
However, only knowing rōmaji can be very limiting. Rōmaji can be helpful when you are first starting out, but since Japanese people don’t really use it, it is important to learn how to read and write hiragana and katakana.
Furiganaふりがな
Furigana (AKA rubi) is small hiragana that is written above (for horizontal text) or next to (for vertical text) kanji to indicate the pronunciation.
For people who know hiragana but do not know many kanji yet, furigana is a very helpful reading tool. You can frequently see furigana in children’s books and manga.
Pronunciation Guide There only 5 vowel sounds in Japanese, and they are always pronounced the same way! In this way, Japanese pronunciation is much easier than English!
あ a as in Ah! Example: あめ ame rainい i as in Eek! Example: いす isu chairう u as in Moo! Example: うさぎ usagi rabbitえ e as in Hey! Example: えんぴつ enpitsu pencilお o as in Oh! Example: おちゃ ocha tea
Long Vowels
In this book, long vowels will be romanized in the following ways.
aa ii ū ee ei ō ōああ いい うう ええ えい おお おう
When two consonants are placed next to each other (double consonants, e.g. kk), there is a sort of pause before the consonant is pronounced. The best way to master this is to listen and repeat.
Don’t forget to listen to the audio that is included in this book and repeat it out loud to practice your pronunciation! Have fun!!
Pronunciation Guide
Tips on how to get the most out of this workbook
1. Listen to the audio to hear pronunciation and practice saying it!
2. Print out and practice writing as many times as you want!
3. Look at the charts as much as you need to! Eventually, you will not need to look.
4. Expand your vocabulary as you learn to write!
5. がんばって！Ganbatte!! Do your best! If you keep on trying you will remember! Have fun!!
a i u e oあ い う え お
k か き く け こ
s さ し shi す せ そ
t た ち chi つ tsu て と
n な に ぬ ね の
h は ひ ふ fu へ ほ
m ま み む め も
y や ゆ よ
r ら り る れ ろ
w わ を
n ん n
a i u e og が ぎ ぐ げ ご
z ざ じ ji ず ぜ ぞ
d だ ぢ ji づ zu で ど
b ば び ぶ べ ぼ
p ぱ ぴ ぷ ぺ ぽ
Hiragana Chart
Hiragana Chart 2: Voiced Consonants
The following hiragana are simply modifications of the hiragana listed in the first two figures. They are pronounced as one syllable, and the や, ゆ, or よ is written smaller than normal.
Hiragana Chart 3: Modified Syllables
ya yu yok きゃ きゅ きょ
s しゃ sha しゅ shu しょ sho
c ちゃ cha ちゅ chu ちょ cho
n にゃ にゅ にょ
h ひゃ ひゅ ひょ
m みゃ みゅ みょ
r りゃ りゅ りょ
g ぎゃ ぎゅ ぎょ
j じゃ ja じゅ ju じょ jo
b びゃ びゅ びょ
p ぴゃ ぴゅ ぴょ
ああああああああああ
ああああああああああ
a あいai
いいいいいいいいいい
いいいいいいいいいいi いるか
irukadolphin
うううううううううう
ううううううううううu
うみumi
ocean
ええええええええええ
ええええええええええe えいが
eigamovie
おおおおおおおおおお
おおおおおおおおおお
o およぐoyogu
to swim
かかかかかかかかかか
かかかかかかかかかか
ka かさkasa
umbrella
きききききききききき
きききききききききき
ki きのこkinoko
mushroom
くくくくくくくくくく
くくくくくくくくくく
ku くまkumabear
けけけけけけけけけけ
けけけけけけけけけけ
ke けしごむkeshigomu
eraser
ここここここここここ
ここここここここここ
koこうえん
kōenpark
ささささささささささ
ささささささささささ
saさくら
sakuracherry blossom
しししししししししし
しししししししししし
shiしま
shimaisland
すすすすすすすすすす
すすすすすすすすすす
suすし
sushisushi
せせせせせせせせせせ
せせせせせせせせせせ
se せかいsekaiworld
そそそそそそそそそそ
そそそそそそそそそそ
soそらsorasky
たたたたたたたたたた
たたたたたたたたたた
ta たこtako
octopus
ちちちちちちちちちち
ちちちちちちちちちち
chiちず
chizumap
つつつつつつつつつつ
つつつつつつつつつつ
tsu つりtsuri
fishing
てててててててててて
てててててててててて
te てte
hand
とととととととととと
とととととととととと
toとらtoratiger
なななななななななな
なななななななななな
na なつnatsu
summer
にににににににににに
にににににににににに
ni にじniji
rainbow
ぬぬぬぬぬぬぬぬぬぬ
ぬぬぬぬぬぬぬぬぬぬ
nu ぬりえnurie
coloring book
ねねねねねねねねねね
ねねねねねねねねねね
ne ねずみnezumimouse
のののののののののの
のののののののののの
no のりnori
seaweed
はははははははははは
はははははははははは
ha はちhachibees
ひひひひひひひひひひ
ひひひひひひひひひひ
hi ひよこhiyokochick
ふふふふふふふふふふ
ふふふふふふふふふふ
fu ふうせんfūsen
balloons
へへへへへへへへへへ
へへへへへへへへへへ
heへやheyaroom
ほほほほほほほほほほ
ほほほほほほほほほほ
hoほし
hoshistars
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
ま
まma まんが
mangacomic book
みみみみみみみみみみ
みみみみみみみみみみ
mi みみmimiears
むむむむむむむむむむ
むむむむむむむむむむ
mu むしmushibugs
めめめめめめめめめめ
めめめめめめめめめめ
me めがねmeganeglasses
もももももももももも
もももももももももも
mo
もりmoriforest
ややや
や
ややややややや
やや ややややややや
ya やさいyasai
vegetables
ゆゆゆ
ゆ
ゆゆゆゆゆゆゆ
ゆゆ ゆゆゆゆゆゆゆ
yu ゆきyukisnow
よよよ
よ
よよよよよよよ
よよ よよよよよよよ
yo よるyorunight
ららら
ら
ららららららら
らら ららららららら
ra らくだrakudacamel
りりり
り
りりりりりりり
りり りりりりりりり
riりんごringoapple
るる るる
る
るるるるるる
るる るるるるるるる
ru るすばんrusuban
house-sitting
れれれ
れ
れれれれれれれ
れれ れれれれれれれ
re れいぞうこreizōko
refrigerator
ろろろ
ろ
ろろろろろろろ
ろろ ろろろろろろろ
roろうそくrōsokucandles
わわわ
わ
わわわわわわわ
わわ わわわわわわわ
wa わがしwagashi
Japanese sweets
をを をを
を
をををををを
をを ををををををを
o (wo) てをあらうte o arau
to wash one’s hands
んんん
ん
んんんんんんん
んん んんんんんんん
nでんしゃdensha
train
ががが
が
ががががががが
がが ががががががが
ga がっこうgakkōschool
ぎぎぎぎぎぎぎぎぎぎ
ぎぎぎぎぎぎぎぎぎぎ
giぎゅうにゅう
gyūnyūmilk
ぐぐぐぐぐぐぐぐぐぐ
ぐぐぐぐぐぐぐぐぐぐ
guぐんgun
military
げげげげげげげげげげ
げげげげげげげげげげ
ge げいしゃgeishageisha
ごごごごごごごごごご
ごごごごごごごごごご
go ごみgomitrash
ざざ ざざざざざざざ
ざざ ざざざざざざざ
ざ
ざ
za ざぶとんzabutoncushion
じじ じじじじじじじ
じじ じじじじじじじ
じ
じ
ji じてんしゃjitenshabicycle
ずず ずずずずずずず
ずず ずずずずずずず
ず
ず
zu
すずめsuzumesparrow
ぜぜ ぜぜぜぜぜぜぜ
ぜぜ ぜぜぜぜぜぜぜ
ぜ
ぜ
zeぜんzenzen
ぞぞぞぞぞぞぞぞぞぞ
ぞぞ ぞぞぞぞぞぞぞぞ
zo ぞうzō
elephant
だだ だだだだだだだ
だだ だだだだだだだ
だ
だ
da だんごdangodango
ぢぢぢぢぢぢぢぢぢぢ
ぢぢ ぢぢぢぢぢぢぢぢ
ji はなぢhanaji
nosebleed
づづ づづづづづづづ
づづづづづづづづづづ
づzu
つづく
tsuzukuto continue
でで ででででででで
でで ででででででで
で
で
de
でんわdenwa
telephone
どど どどどどどどど
どど どどどどどどど
ど
ど
do
どんぐりdonguriacorns
ばば ばばばばばばば
ばば ばばばばばばばば
ば
baばくだんbakudan
bomb
びび びびびびびびび
びび びびびびびびびび
びbi
びょういんbyōin
hospital
ぶぶ ぶぶぶぶぶぶぶぶ
ぶぶ ぶぶぶぶぶぶぶぶ
bu
ぶどうbudō
grapes
べべ べべべべべべべべ
べべ べべべべべべべべ
beべんとう
bentōboxed lunch
ぼぼ ぼぼぼぼぼぼぼぼ
ぼぼ ぼぼぼぼぼぼぼぼ
boぼんさいbonsaibonsai
ぱぱ ぱぱぱぱぱぱぱぱ
ぱぱ ぱぱぱぱぱぱぱぱ
paぱんpan
bread
ぴぴ ぴぴぴぴぴぴぴぴ
ぴぴ ぴぴぴぴぴぴぴぴ
pi ぴよぴよpiyopiyo
tweet tweet
ぷぷ ぷぷぷぷぷぷぷぷ
ぷぷ ぷぷぷぷぷぷぷぷ
puぷりんpurin
pudding
ぺぺ ぺぺぺぺぺぺぺぺ
ぺぺ ぺぺぺぺぺぺぺぺ
peぺんきpenkipaint
ぽぽ ぽぽぽぽぽぽぽぽ
ぽぽ ぽぽぽぽぽぽぽぽ
po ぽけっとpokettopocket
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
あ あ
ああ
き い
しり
akiFALL/AUTUMN
aiLOVE
ANT
ari ashiFOOT/LEG
あ
a
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
ishiSTONE
い しinuDOG
い ぬ
irukaDOLPHIN
い るisu
CHAIR
い すか
iい
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
ushiCOW
う しusagiRABBIT
う さ
umiOCEAN
う みumaHORSE
う ま
ぎ
う
u
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.ebi
SHRIMP
え び
ePICTURE
え
が
esaPET FOOD
え さ
eigaMOVIE
え い
え
e
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.ぐoyoguTO SWIM
お よ み
oniDEMON
お に ゃocha
TEA
お ち
がorigamiORIGAMI
お り
お
o
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.るkaeru
FROG
か え
kaiSHELL
か い
う
kasaUMBRELLA
か さ
こgakkōSCHOOL
が っ
か
ka
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.ねkitsune
FOX
き つ
こkinoko
MUSHROOM
き の こginkōBANK
ぎ ん
うgyūnyū
MILK
ぎ ゅ
う
に ゅ う
き
ki
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
まkuruma
CAR
く るまkumaBEAR
く
もkumoSPIDER
く んgun
MILITARY
ぐ
く
ku
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
んken
SWORD
け
しkeshigomuERASER
け ご む
いkeisatsu
POLICE
け さ つ
いgeishaGEISHA
げ し ゃ
け
ke
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.いkoi
ROMANTIC LOVE
こ
みgomi
GARBAGE
ご
きgokiburiCOCKROACH
ご ぶ り
うkōenPARK
こ え ん
こ
ko
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.めsameSHARK
さ
くsakura
CHERRY BLOSSOM
さ ら いzaisanFORTUNE
ざ さ ん
ぶzabuton
CUSHION
ざ と ん
さ
sa
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
かshikaDEER
し
まshimaISLAND
し
ょjisho
DICTIONARY
じ し
んjitensha
BICYCLE
じ て ゃし
し
shi
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
めsuzumeSPARROW
す ず
かsuika
WATERMELON
す いうsumōSUMO
す も
sushiSUSHI
す し
す
su
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
semiCICADA
せ みzenZEN
ぜ ん
zenzaiZENZAI
ぜ ん ざ いsekaiWORLD
せ か い
せ
se
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
soraSKY
そ ら
sobaSOBA
そ ば
zōELEPHANT
ぞ う
zōsuiZōSUI
ぞ う す い
そ
so
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
takoOCTOPUS
た こ
taiyakiTAIYAKI
た い
dangoDANGO
だ ん
や き
ご
だ い こ んdaikon
DAIKON RADISH
た
ta
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
chizuMAP
ち ず
chōchoBUTTERFLY
ち ょ う ち ょ
chikyūEARTH
ち き ゅ う
hanajiNOSEBLEED
は な ぢ
ち
chi* bothぢ andじ are pronounced ji, but in most cases, じ is used. ぢ is only used in a few specific cases.
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
tsuriFISHING
つ り
tsumikiBLOCKS
つ みき
tsukueDESK
つ くえ
tsuzukuTO CONTINUE
つ づく
つ
tsu
* bothづ andず are pronounced zu, but in most cases, ず is used. づ is only used in a few specific cases.
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.denwa
TELEPHONE
で んわ
deguchiEXIT
で ぐち
teraTEMPLE
て ら
teHAND
て
て
te
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
tokeiCLOCK
と けいtoriBIRD
と り
らとtoraTIGER
donguriACORNS
ど んぐり
と
to
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
natsuSUMMER
な つ
namidaTEARS
な み
nasubiEGGPLANT
な す
nattōNATTO
な っだ
び
と う
な
na
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
nikuMEAT
に くniji
RAINBOW
に じ
nikkiJOURNAL
に っ きniwatori
CHICKEN
に わ と り
に
ni
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
nukuTO PULL
ぬ くnumaSWAMP
ぬ ま
nuigurumiSTUFFED ANIMAL
ぬ い ぐ る みnurie
COLORING BOOK
ぬ り え
ぬ
nu
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
nekoCAT
ね こneru
TO SLEEP
ね る
negiGREEN ONION
ね ぎnezumi
MOUSE
ね ず み
ね
ne
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
noruTO RIDE
の るnori
SEAWEED
の り
nomuTO DRINK
の むnoboruTO CLIMB
の ぼ る
の
no
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.hasamiSCISSORS
は さ みbakudan
BOMB
ば く だ ん
hachiBEES
は ちpan
BREAD
ぱ ん
は
ha
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.himawariSUNFLOWER
ひ ま わ りpiyopiyo
TWEET TWEET
ぴ よ ぴ よ
byōinHOSPITAL
び ょ う い んhiyoko
CHICK
ひ よ こ
ひ
hi
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
purinPUDDING
ぷ り ん
budōGRAPES
ぶ ど うfūsen
BALLOONS
ふ う せ
funeSHIP
ふ ね
ん
ふ
fu
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
hebiSNAKE
へ び
heyaROOM
へ や
penkiPAINT
ぺ ん き
bentōBOXED LUNCH
べ ん と う
へhe
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.bonsaiBONSAI
ぼ ん さ い
pokettoPOCKET
ぽ け っ とhoshiSTARS
ほ し
ほ んhonBOOK
ほho
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
mameBEANS
ま め
madoWINDOW
ま ど
mangaCOMIC BOOK
ま ん が
mahōMAGIC
ま ほ う
ま
ma
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
mimiEAR
み みmichiROAD
み ち
mizuWATER
み ずmikanORANGE
み か ん
み
mi
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.mushiba
CAVITY
む し ば
mushiBUGS
む し
murasakiPURPLE
む ら さ き
muzukashiiDIFFICULT
む ず か し い
む
mu
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.meronMELON
め ろ ん
meEYES
めmeganeGLASSES
め が ね
medamayakiFRIED EGG
め だ ま や き
め
me
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.mogura
MOLE
も ぐ ら
moriFOREST
も りmomoPEACH
も も
mochiMOCHI
も ち
も
mo
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.yasai
VEGETABLES
や さ い
yakanKETTLE
や か んyagiGOAT
や ぎ
りyakitori
GRILLED CHICKEN
や き と
や
ya
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.いyūreiGHOST
ゆ う れ
yukiSNOW
ゆ き
ちんyūenchi
THEME PARK
ゆ う え
yumeDREAM
ゆ め
ゆ
yu
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4. んえyōchien
KINDERGARTEN
よ う ち
いyōseiFAIRY
よ う せ
いyoteiPLANS
よ て
yoruNIGHT
よ る
よ
yo
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
ぱrappa
TRUMPET
ら っ
だrakuda
CAMEL
ら く
おraion
LION
ら い ん
がrakugaki
GRAFFITI
ら く き
ら
ra
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
んribonRIBBON
り ぼ
うryū
DRAGON
り ゅごringoAPPLE
り ん
risuSQUIRREL
り す
り
ri
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.saru
MONKEY
さ る
hiruAFTERNOON
ひ る
kurumaCAR
く る ま
rusubanHOUSE SITTING
る す ば ん
る
ru
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.renai
ROMANTIC LOVE
れ ん あ い
rekishiHISTORY
れ き しrengaBRICKS
れ ん が
reizōkoREFRIGERATOR
れ い ぞ う こ
れ
re
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.rōsokuCANDLES
ろ う そ くrōjin
OLD PERSON
ろ う じ ん
rōyaPRISON
ろ うroba
DONKEY
ろ ばや
ろ
ro
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4.
waniALLIGATOR
わ に
め
wasabiWASABI
わ さ び
wataameCOTTON CANDY
わ た あwagashi
JAPANESE SWEETS
わ が し
わ
wa
1.
2.
Examples:
3.らte o arau
TO WASH ONE’S HANDS
て を あ う をosake o nomuTO DRINK ALCOHOL
お さ け の む
をgohan o taberu
TO EAT RICE
ご は ん た べ る
を
o(wo)
1.
2.
Examples:
3.
4. ょbenkyō
STUDY
べ ん き うゃninjaNINJA
に ん じ
なhondanaBOOKSHELF
ほ ん だ ゃdensha
TRAIN
で ん し
ん
n
Double ConsonantsWords that have double consonants are written with a small つ which indicates the short pause that you take when pronouncing these words. Take a look at the examples below and pay close attention to the difference in pronunciation.
kksstt
pp つ
きってkitte
STAMP
らっぱrappa
TRUMPET
ざっしzasshi
MAGAZINE
にっきnikki
DIARY
PracticePractice writing the following words, paying close attention to double consonants.
1.
2.
に っ き
ら ぱ
nikkiDIARY
rappaTRUMPETっ
3.
4.
ざ し
き て
5.
6.
が こ
な と
7.
8.
ふ と
ね と
9. ほ か
う
う
う
う
い ど う
zasshiMAGAZINE
kitteSTAMP
gakkōSCHOOL
nattōNATTO
futtōBOILING
nettōBOILING WATER
hokkaidōHOKKAIDO
Practice (continued)Practice writing the following words, paying close attention to double consonants.
っ
っ
っ
っ
っ
っ
っ
Modified SyllablesWhen a hiragana has a small や、ゆ、or よ next to it, they are pronounced together as a single syllable. The small や、ゆ、or よ are about a quarter the size of a regular character, and should be written in the lower left corner of the practice square.
kya
kyu
kyo
gya
gyu
gyo
ききき
ぎぎぎ
ゃ
ゃ
ゅ
ゅ
ょ
ょ
Modified SyllablesWhen a hiragana has a small や、ゆ、or よ next to it, they are pronounced together as a single syllable. The small や、ゆ、or よ are about a quarter the size of a regular character, and should be written in the lower left corner of the practice square.
sha
shu
sho
ja
ju
jo
ししし
じじじ
ゃ
ゃ
ゅ
ゅ
ょ
ょ
Modified SyllablesWhen a hiragana has a small や、ゆ、or よ next to it, they are pronounced together as a single syllable. The small や、ゆ、or よ are about a quarter the size of a regular character, and should be written in the lower left corner of the practice square.
cha
chu
cho
nya
nyu
nyo
ちちち
ににに
ゃ
ゃ
ゅ
ゅ
ょ
ょ
Modified SyllablesWhen a hiragana has a small や、ゆ、or よ next to it, they are pronounced together as a single syllable. The small や、ゆ、or よ are about a quarter the size of a regular character, and should be written in the lower left corner of the practice square.
hya
hyu
hyo
bya
byu
byo
ひひひ
びびび
ゃ
ゃ
ゅ
ゅ
ょ
ょ
Modified SyllablesWhen a hiragana has a small や、ゆ、or よ next to it, they are pronounced together as a single syllable. The small や、ゆ、or よ are about a quarter the size of a regular character, and should be written in the lower left corner of the practice square.
pya
pyu
pyo
mya
myu
myo
ぴぴぴ
みみみ
ゃ
ゃ
ゅ
ゅ
ょ
ょ
Modified SyllablesWhen a hiragana has a small や、ゆ、or よ next to it, they are pronounced together as a single syllable. The small や、ゆ、or よ are about a quarter the size of a regular character, and should be written in the lower left corner of the practice square.
rya
ryu
ryo
りりり
ゃ
ゅ
ょ
EXAMPLES
hyaku one hundredひ く
お ち
い し
り か ん
う てん んし
ocha green tea
isha doctor
ryokan Traditional Japanese Inn
untenshu driverゅ
ゃ
ゃ
ゃ
ょ
EXAMPLES
chōcho butterfly
kaisha company
ninja ninja
benkyō study
densha train
か い し
ち う ち
に ん じ
べ ん き う
ん しで ゃ
ゃ
ゃ
ょ
ょょ
EXAMPLES
ryū
omocha
gyūnyū
byōki
jisho
dragon
toy
milk
sick
dictionary
り ゅ う
お も ち
ぎ にう う
び う き
じ し
ゅ ゅ
ょ
ょ
ゃ
は is not always ha
When は is written as a particle, it is pronounced wa. Be careful not to confuse は(wa) with わ(wa).
Example: わたしはたなかです。 Watashi wa tanaka desu. I am Tanaka.
1. _____________________________________ Kore wa kaban desu. This is a bag.
Practice: Write the correct hiragana for the sentences below. Make sure to pay attention to particles!
2. _____________________________________ Sore wa watashi no kasa desu. That is my umbrella.
3. _____________________________________ Watashi wa daigakusei desu. I am a college student.
4. _____________________________________ Suzuki san wa nihonjin desu. Mr./Ms. Suzuki is Japanese.
5. _____________________________________ Are wa tomodachi no kuruma desu. That is my friend’s car.
は is not always ha
1. これはかばんです。 Kore wa kaban desu. This is a bag.
2. それはわたしのかさです。 Sore wa watashi no kasa desu. That is my umbrella.
3. わたしはだいがくせいです。 Watashi wa daigakusei desu. I am a college student.
4. すずきさんはにほんじんです。 Suzuki san wa nihonjin desu. Mr./Ms. Suzuki is Japanese.
5. あれはともだちのくるまです。 Are wa tomodachi no kuruma desu. That is my friend’s car.
answers
へ is not always he
When へ is written as a particle, it is pronounced e. Be careful not to confuse へ(e) with え(e).
Example: がっこうへいきます。 Gakkō e ikimasu. I will go to school.
Practice: Write the correct hiragana for the sentences below. Make sure to pay attention to particles!
1. _____________________________________ Suzuki san wa nihon e kaerimashita. Mr./Ms Suzuki returned to Japan.
2. _____________________________________ Shigoto e ikimasu. I will go to work.
3. _____________________________________ Uchi e kaerimasu. I will return home.
4. _____________________________________ Tōkyō (toukyou) e ikimasu. I will go to Tokyo.
5. _____________________________________ Ginkō (ginkou) e ittekimashita I went to the bank.
へ is not always he
1. すずきさんはにほんへかえりました。 Suzuki san wa nihon e kaerimashita. Mr./Ms Suzuki returned to Japan.
2. しごとへいきます。 Shigoto e ikimasu. I will go to work.
3. うちへかえります。 Uchi e kaerimasu. I will return home.
4. とうきょうへいきます。 Tōkyō (toukyou) e ikimasu. I will go to Tokyo.
5. ぎんこうへいってきました。 Ginkō (ginkou) e ittekimashita. I went to the bank.
answers
お vs. を
The hiragana を can be romanized as wo or o, but it is usually pronounced o. Do not confuse を(o) with お(o). を is only used as a particle in modern Japanese. If you don’t know what a particle is, or how this particle is used, please visit our website! We have a lot of videos about Japanese particles!
Example: りんごをたべます。 Ringo o tabemasu. I will eat an apple.
Practice: Write the correct hiragana for the sentences below. Make sure you pay attention to particles!
1. _____________________________________ Mizu o kudasai. Please give me water.
2. _____________________________________ Hon o yomimasu. I will read a book.
3. _____________________________________ Eiga o mimashita. I watched a movie.
4. _____________________________________ Sōji (souji) o shimashita. I did the cleaning.
5. __________________________________________ Benkyō o shimashita. I studied.
お vs. を
1. みずをください。 Mizu o kudasai. Please give me water.
2. ほんをよみます。 Hon o yomimasu. I will read a book.
3. えいがをみました。 Eiga o mimashita. I watched a movie.
4. そうじをしました。 Sōji (souji) o shimashita. I did the cleaning.
5. べんきょうをしました。 Benkyō o shimashita. I studied.
answers
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