grammar, punctuation & spelling workshop

WELCOME!

GRAMMAR, PUNCTUATION & SPELLING WORKSHOP

Meet the staff….

Miss Burns

Mrs Cowan

Mrs Reade

Mr Deas

Aims of the session

• Types of questions.

• Test your own grammar and punctuation knowledge.

• Revision materials/interventions in place.

• Speak to English staff/Understand certain grammatical terms.

• In-depth list of key grammatical terminology with examples.

• Suggested revision approach at home.

Which pair of verbs correctly completes the sentence below?

Pluto ______ now called a dwarf planet, but once it _____ classified as a planet. Tick one.

was is

was was

is is

is was

Write the contracted form of the underlined words in the box.

That decision does not seem fair

doesn’t

Contractions are the shortened version of written and spoken words (one or two).

They bought new jumpers for themselves and a warm scarf for Dad.

Pronouns take the place of a noun e.g. I, he, she , it, etc.

Circle all the pronouns in the sentence below.

Complete the sentence with an adjective formed from the verb create.

The artist was very creative and produced many original works.

Tick one box to show which part of the sentence is a relative clause.

The table which is made of oak is now black with age.

Relative clauses are words which begin with a relative pronoun e.g. who, which, whose, that, where, when.

Tick the option that shows how the underlined words are used in the sentence

My baby brother was born in the hospital where my father works.

as a preposition phrase

as a relative clause

as a main clause

as a noun phrase

Sentence Modal verb indicates certainty.

Modal verb indicates possibility.

It will be very cold tomorrow.

John might have missed the train.

Ann can speak six languages.

You could finish your work by the end of the lesson.

Tick one box in each row to show how the modal verb affects the meaning of the sentence.

Circle the two words in the sentence below that are synonyms of each other.

He was lucky to win first prize – he knew it was fortunate that his closest rival had decided not to take part.

A Synonym is a word which has a similar meaning to another.

Tick all the sentences that contain a prepositions.

Ali locked the door before he left.

The shops are beyond the main road.

My brother is behind me in the race.

Barry is below Andrew in the register

Prepositions are words which indicate a location. Prepositions can also indicate a location in time e.g. At midnight or During the day……….

Write a sentence using the word cover as a noun. Remember to punctuate your answer correctlyThe cover of the front page was very bright.Write a sentence using the word cover as a verb. Remember to punctuate your answer correctlyHe had to cover up his work as it was wrong

What does the root struct mean in the word family below?

destruction structure reconstruct Tick onebreak

build

carry

touch

Draw a line to match each word to its correct antonym.

meandering

confront

plausible

unfeeling

evade

unbelievable

sympathetic

straight

WORD ANTONYM

Any further questions?

Spellings

Children will be tested on 20 spellings in the SATs using a passage that is read out to them.

The spelling rules tested during the year will likely be the ones which will appear in their SATs tests. We just don’t know what the exact words will be!!!

Typical examples of spellings

Not all berries are edible.

Sit up straight to improve your posture.

Karen went on a sleigh ride in Lapland.

The grey clouds looked ominous in the sky.

Omar put the cutlery back in the cupboard (silent letters).

WWW. SPAG.COM

• New online resource for the children where they are allocated grammar activities weekly as part of their homework.

• English staff can go through answers the following week that were difficult.

• You can support your child with this homework.

Revision GuidesHow should YOU use them to support

your child?

• SPAG.COM

• Follow-up work.

• Consolidation

Intervention Sessions• Grammar, punctuation, spelling and reading

interventions.

• Form time.

• Weekly sessions with Mrs Price, which are on a 5 week rota (not affecting the same lessons every week).

• To boost the confidence of pupils and to give them a further push in specific areas.

Nouns/adjectives and plurals

Nouns = naming words

girl David Bowie

keytableBig Ben

Common Nouns(everyday objects etc)

Proper Nouns(people and places)

Abstract Nouns(things we can’t touch)

Love

HateBeauty

Determination

Collective Nouns(groups of things)army

crowd

forest

team

class

pack

Adjectives = describing wordsThe happy girl.

The clever girl.The young girl.

regal talented

1. Egg = eggs

2. Church = churches

3. Brush = brushes

4. Kiss = kisses

5. Fox = foxes

6. Size = sizes

7. Toy = toys

8. Lady = ladies

9. Wife = wives

10. Radio = radios

11. Tomato = tomatoes

There’s always an exception to the rule (just to confuse us all even more!)...

Verbs

Aim: To understand and use verbs in the past, present and future tense

Quick reminder!• What is a verb?

• A doing word• A word that tells us what happens

• What does past tense mean?• Something that happened in the past

• What does present tense mean?• Something that is happening now

• What does the future tense mean?• Something that is going to happen

• Tenses tell us WHEN something happened

PastThere’s more than one past tense!

Past simple tense

We add a d or ed to the verb

Hannah smiled at the babyHannah talked to the baby

Past progressive tense

We use the past tense of ‘to be’ (was) & add ing to the verb

Emily was talking to her friend

Oh look! Another one!

Perfect tense

We use ‘to have’ (has/have) & e/ed

Hannah has smiled at the babyThe girls have talked to the baby

Past

PresentGuess what? There’s more than one of these, too!

Present simple tense

Just the verb! But add s for he/she/it

I play with the babyAlisha plays with the baby

Present progressive tense

We use the present tense of to be (is/am) & ing

I am playing with the babyAlisha is playing with the baby

FuturePhew. Just one of these.

We just use the verb, but put shall (I/we) or will (he/she/it/they) in front of it!

I shall smile at the baby and Hannah will smile at her friend

Turn to your talk partners and convert these phrases into future tense!I ran a mileThey ran a marathon

I shall run a mileThey will run a marathon

PastPast simplePast progressivePerfect

PresentPresent simplePresent progressive

Future

e or edWas + ingHas/Have + d/ed

To watch

verbAm/are + ing

Shall or Will

PastPast simplePast progressivePerfect

PresentPresent simplePresent progressive

Future

e or edWas + ingHas/Have + d/ed

verbAm/are + ing

Shall or Will

To watchI watched

I was watchingI have watched

I watchI am watching

I shall watch

Adverbs

Adverbs• An adverb is a modifying part of speech. It describes

verbs, other adverbs, adjectives, and phrases. • They are used to describe how, where, when, how often

and why something happens. Here are a few examples:

•Verb- The cat climbed quickly up the tree. (quickly describes how the cat climbed)

•Adverb- Mike worked very carefully on his paper. (very shows how carefully he worked)

•Adjective- She is nearly ready to go. (nearly tells to what extent she is ready)

Adverbs of Manner 

CarefullyCorrectlyEagerlyEasilyFastLoudlyPatientlyQuicklyQuietlyWell

These kind of adverbs describe how something happens. Where there are two or more verbs in a sentence, adverb placement affects the meaning. Some commonly used adverbs of manner include:

Example in a sentence:She decided to write her paper. (no

adverbs)

She quickly decided to write her

paper. (her decision was quick)

She decided to write her paper quickly.

(her writing was quick)

ADVERBS OF PLACE

AnywhereDownstairsHereHomeInNowhereOutsideSomewhereThereUndergroundUpstairs

These types of adverbs describe where something happens. Most adverbs of place are also used as prepositions. Some commonly used examples include the following:

Example in a sentence:

I wanted to go upstairs.

She has lived in the city

since June. (in the city -

prepositional phrase)

Adverbs of Purpose

So thatToIn order toBecauseSinceAccidentallyIntentionallyPurposely.

These types of adverbs describe why something happens. Here are some common examples:

Examples in a sentence:

Jenny walks carefully to

avoid falling.

Bob accidentally broke

the vase.

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY 

AlwaysEveryNeverOftenRarelySeldomSometimeUsually

These types of adverbs describe how often something happens. The following adverbs are commonly used in this way:

Example in a sentence:

Mackenzie gets a ride from her brother every day. The fish usually swims near the top of its tank.

Adverbs of Time

AfterAlreadyDuringFinallyLastLaterNextNowRecently

SoonTomorrowWhenWhileYesterday

These types of adverbs describe when something happens. These examples are commonly used:

Example in a sentence:

He came home before dark.

It will be too dark to play outside

soon.

Jessica finished her supper first.

Andy left school early.

Apostrophes/Contractions

First use:Use to show that a letter or letters have been missed out when words have been contracted.

e.g. did not didn’t

should have should’ve

EXAMPLES OF CONTRACTIONS

he is - becomes - he'sit is - becomes - it'sthey have - becomes - they'vewe would - becomes - we'ddo not - becomes - don'tyou are - becomes - you'rethey are - becomes - they're

Second use:Use to show when something is owned or used by something or someone else

In order to place the apostrophe in the correct place, follow these simple steps and you won’t go wrong.

Example 1Decide who owns or uses something.SidWrite an apostrophe after that word.Sid’Write an ‘s’ after it if you need it for the sound it makes.Sid’s dinner was getting cold. 

Example 2Decide who owns or uses it.The pupilsWrite an apostrophe after that word.The pupils’Add an ‘s’ for the sound if it is neededNo need for another ‘s’ as it would sound wrong.The pupils’ new lockers were fitted with combination locks.

WHERE WOULD THE APOSTROPHE GO IN THESE EXAMPLES:

The coats belonging to my children = My --------- coats

The waste of money by the council = The ……………….. waste of money

The closure of the school = the ……………… closure

The presents I have for Ross = …………….. presents

Dresses belonging to the princesses The ………………. dresses

ANSWERS:My children’s coatsThe council’s waste of moneyThe school’s closureRoss’s presentsThe princesses’ dresses

Never use apostrophes if the word is simply a plural. E.g. My cabbage’s were selling out.(Known as a ‘greengrocer’s apostrophe’!)

Phrases

Contains either a noun or a verb

a strange, frightening story

the abandoned house with broken windows

listening silently

stood alone and frightened

Phrases and clauses

ClausesContain both a

subject (often a noun or pronoun) and a verb

they were listening to a story

the abandoned house stood at the end of the street

I like dogs

Main Clauses and Subordinate Clauses

Fred went for a walkhe was eaten by a monsterit was raining

whenever

as

since whenever

becausealthough

.Make a sentence using

two yellow clause cards, a red conjunction card and

whatever punctuation you need.,

Main Clauses and Subordinate Clauses

Fred went for a walk it was raining

whenever .

Main clauseMakes sense on its own

Subordinate clauseNeeds to ‘lean on’ something else to make

sense

This is doing the job of joining -

it is a subordinating conjunction

Yellow clauses can’t sit next to each

other – they need something to join

them

Main Clauses and Subordinate ClausesFred went for a walkit was raining

Whenever .

Yellow clauses can’t sit next to

each other – they need something to

join them

Main Clauses and Subordinate Clauses

Fred went for a walkit was rainingWhenever .,Main clause

Makes sense on its own

Subordinate clauseNeeds to ‘lean on’ something else to

make sense

A comma doing the job of joining

Because the slide was broken, the children played on the swings.The children played on the swings until it was time to go home.

Thank you for listening!Any questions?

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