g.p.s. (global positioning system)

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)

Submitted To : Ms. Anamika Srivastava

Submitted By :

AColloquium Presentation

RAJKIYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE , AMBEDKAR NAGAR Under the supervision of

Mr. Ashish Kumar Srivastava

Deepti Pankaj

on

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION HISTORY WORKING

APPLICATIONS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY

VARIOUS SEGMENTS

INTRODUCTION GPS is a network of orbiting satellites that send precise details of their position in space back to earth.

The signals are obtained by GPS receivers ,such as navigation devices and are used to calculate the exact position , speed and time at the vehicles location.

FEASIBILITY STUDIES BEGUN IN 1960’S.PENTAGON APPROPRIATES FUNDING IN 1973.FIRST SATELLITE LAUNCHED IN 1978.SYSTEM DECLARED FULLY OPERATIONAL IN APRIL, 1995.OPEN TO THE PUBLIC, 2000

The History of GPS

Humans Have always been Interested in knowing where ThingsAre…...

Where to go ?

How does GPS work?

THE MORE SATELLITES THE GPS CAN “SEE”, THE MORE ACCURATE IS YOUR READINGS.

THE GPS MUST “SEE” THE SATELLITES, SO IT DOES NOT WORK WELL IN THE DENSE FOREST, INSIDE CAVES, UNDERWATER, OR INSIDE BUILDINGS.

STATIONS ON EARTH, AND A GPS RECEIVER, THE DISTANCES BETWEEN EACH OF THESE POINTS CAN BE CALCULATED.

THE DISTANCE CALCULATION BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF TIME IT TAKES FOR A RADIO SIGNAL TO TRAVEL BETWEEN THESE POINTS.

USING SATELLITES IN THE SKY, GROUND ALLOWS THE GPS RECEIVER TO KNOW WHERE YOU ARE, IN TERMS OF LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE, ON THE EARTH..

Segmentsof GPS

Control segment

User segment Space segment

Space segment GPS satellites constellation composed of 24 operational

These 24 satellites are placed in 6 circular orbits of equal

Satellites in space.

to 12hrs and these orbits are equally spaced with 60 degrees apart and at an inclination angle of 55 degreesin equator.

Control segment The control segment comprises of 5 ground stations located on equator.

(4-monitor and 1-master station)

Monitor stations measure the distances of the overhead satellites every

1.5 seconds and send the corrected data to master station.

In master station the satellite orbit, clock performance and health of thesatellite are determined and determines whether repositioning is required.

This information is sent back to the satellites using ground antennas.

USER SEGMENT The user segment consists of all earth –based GPS

The user segment is totally user community , both

receivers.

civilian and military.

Applications

Location

Rescue

Marine

Tracking

Airways andMilitary

Search and

Navigation

ADVANTAGES

GPS works in all weather so you need not to worry of the climate as in other navigating systems.

GPS costs you very low. The most attractive feature of this system is its 100% coverage on

the planet. It also helps you to search the nearby restaurants ,hotels and gas stations

and is very useful for a new place.

GPS is extremely easy to navigate as it tells you to the direction for each

Turns you take to reach to your destination.

Disadvantages GPS satellites are weak ,so it doesn’t work as well indoor, underwater etc. The highest accuracy requires line-of-sight from the receiver to the

satellite,This is why GPS doesn’t work very well in an urban environment.

If you are using GPS on a battery operated device, there may be a battery Failure and you may need a external power supply which is not always possible. Sometimes the GPS signals are not accurate due to some obstacles to the

signals.

CONCLUSION GPS is a network of satellites that continuously transmit coded information ,

Which makes it possible precisely identify locations on earth by measuring distance from the satellites.

GPS although was developed for military purposes, but the number of civilian users of GPS already well far exceeds than number of potential military.

As discussed in previous topic , its application fields vast and new applications will continue to be created as the technology evolves.

BIBLIOGRAPHYWebPages:

http://www.google.com

http://www.ALIGPS.com

http://trimble.com

THANK YOU

ANY QUERY