gothic

Gothic Art

Characteristics of Gothic Style

• Elegant soaring buildings

• Light – through stained glass

• Ribbed Groin vaults• Pointed Arch• Flying buttresses

and high walls

FLYING BUTTRESS, in architecture, the term given

to a structural feature employed to transmit the thrust of a vault across an intervening space, such as an aisle, chapel or cloister, to a buttress built outside

the latter.

Politics and Society

• Development of Towns

• Economy

• Intellectual pursuits

• Age of the Cathedral

Black Death: The Bubonic Plague

France

Suger, St. Denis, 1140-44, Gothic

Abbot Suger

Floor plan

Exterior

Sculpture

Interior

Floor plan of choir

Interior with windows

Stained Glass Windows

Chartres Cathedral, c.1134-1220, Gothic

Triforium

Flying Buttress

Ground plan

Royal Portal, West Façade Chartres, c.1145-55

Jamb Sculpture

Stained Glass

Details

Rose Window, Chartres Cathedral, c.1224, Gothic

Detail

Plate tracery and Bar tracery

Cathedral of Notre Dame, Paris, 1163-c1270, Gothic

West Façade

Gargoyles

Nave drawing

Ground plan

Piers and Columns

Windows

Flying Buttresses

Portal Sculpture

Reims Cathedral, c.1211-1428

Annunciation & Visitation, c.1230-45, Gothic

Detail

Comparison

Detail

Sainte-Chapelle, c.1243-48, Rayonnant Gothic

Interior

Detail

Independent Sculpture

Virgin and Child, c.1339, International Gothic Style

Fleur-de-lis

Book Arts

Developments in Manuscript Illumination

• Center moves to Paris

• Rise of University – rise in books

• Cottage industry

• New types of books develop

Lodge Books

• Tool of master mason

• Visual guide

• Describes how to create the elements

Bible Moralisee, 1266-34, Gothic

Psalter of Saint Louis, 1253-70, Court Style/Gothic

Other page

Pucelle, Book of Hours of Jeanne d’Evereux, c.1325-28,

Gothic

Perpetual Calendar

Book of Hours of Jeanne d’Evereux

Annunciation detail

England

Political Situation

• Plantagenet dynasty (1154-1485)

• Conflicts

• Territory changes

• Great Patrons of the Arts/Architecture

Cistercian Example

Salisbury Cathedral, c.1220-58, English Gothic

Interior

Gothic Castle layout

Germany & The Holy Roman

Empire

Political Situation

• Decentralized

• Hall church

• Emperors and patrons of the arts

• Sculptural center - Mosan

Verdun, The Shrine of the Three Kings, c.1190-1205,

Gothic

Ekkehard and Uta, c.1245-60, Gothic

Detail

Vesperbild, c.1330, Gothic

Political Situation

• Age of division and economic expansion

• Germany/Holy Roman Empire no longer a force

• France & Spain & Papal Authority & Independent City States

• Artist emerges end of 13th century

Painting

Cimabue, Virgin and Child Enthroned, c.1280, Gothic

Detail

Giotto, Arena Chapel, 1305-6, Gothic

Lamentation

Film painting

Ambulatory and radiating chapels

Abbey Church of Saint-Denis

Saint Denis, France

1140-1144

Ambulatory and radiating chapels

Saint Denis, France

1140-1144

Plan of the choirVaults of the ambulatory and radiating chapels of the choir

Saint Denis, France

1140-1144

West facade of Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France

begun 1134, rebuilt beginning 1194

Royal Portal, west facade

Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France

ca. 1145-1155

Old Testament queen and two kingsjamb statues, doorway of Royal Portal

Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France

ca. 1145-1155

West façade of Laon Cathedral

Laon, France

begun ca. 1190

Plan and nave of Laon Cathedral

Laon, France

begun ca. 1190

nave of Laon Cathedral

Laon, France

begun ca. 1190

Gothic nave elevations

Laon Paris Chartres

Amiens

Arcade

Gallery

Triforium

Clerestory

Gothic Rib Vaults

South façade of Notre Dame Cathedral

Paris, France

begun 1163, nave & flying buttresses ca. 1180-1200, remodeled after 1225

South façade of Notre Dame Cathedral

Paris, France

begun 1163, nave & flying buttresses ca. 1180-1200, remodeled after 1225

Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France

begun 1134rebuilt beginning 1194

Plan of Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France

as rebuilt after 1194

Nave of Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France

as rebuilt after 1194

Gothic Cathedral

Virgin and Child and Angels(Notre Dame de la Belle Verrière)

choir of Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France

ca. 1170stained glass16 ft. x 7 ft. 8 in.

Jesse Tree

West facade of Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France

ca. 1150-1170stained glass

Triforium wall of the naveChartres Cathedral

Chartres, France

ca. 1200-1260

Rose Window and lancets

north transept of Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France

ca. 1220stained glassrose approximately 43 ft. in diameter

Saints Martin, Jerome, and Gregoryjamb statues, Porch of the Confessors

South transept of Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France

ca. 1220-1230

Saint Theodorejamb statue, Porch of the Martyrs

South transept of Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France

ca. 1230

Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont,and Renaud de Cormont

West facade of Amiens Cathedral

Amiens, France

begun 1220

East facade of Amiens Cathedral

Amiens, France

begun 1220

Choir vaults of Amiens Cathedral

Amiens, France

begun 1220

nave of Amiens Cathedral

Amiens, France

begun 1220

Christ (Beau Dieu)trumeau statue of central doorway

west facade of Amiens Cathedral

Amiens, France

ca. 1220-1235

West façade of Reims Cathedral

Reims, France

begun ca. 1225-1290

Nave of Reims Cathedral

Reims, France

begun ca. 1225-1290

Visitationjamb statues of central doorway

west facade of Reims Cathedral

Reims, France

ca. 1230

Sainte-Chapelle

Paris, France

1243-1248

interior of the upper chapel

Sainte-Chapelle

Paris, France

1243-1248

Virgin and Child (Virgin of Paris)

Notre-Dame

Paris, France

early 14th century

West façade of Saint-Maclou

Rouen, France

ca. 1500-1540

Hall of the Cloth Guild

Bruges, Netherlands

begun. 1230

Villard de Honnecourt

Figures based on geometric shapesfolio 18 verso of a sketchbook

from Paris, France

ca. 1220-1235ink on vellum9 1/4 x 6 in.

God as architect of the worldfolio 1 verso of a moralized Bible

from Paris, France

ca. 1220-1230ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum13 1/2 x 8 1/4 in.

Blanche of Castille, Louis IX and two monksdedication page (folio 8 recto) of a moralized Bible

from Paris, France

1226-1234ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum15 x 10 1/2 in.

Abraham and the Three Angelsfolio 7 verso of the Psalter of Saint Louis

from Paris, France

1253-1270ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum5 x 3 1/2 in.

Master Honoré

David anointed by Samuel and battle of David and Goliathfolio 7 verso of the Breviary of Phillipe le Bel

from Paris, France

1296ink and tempera on vellum7 7/8 x 4 7/8 in.

Jean Pucelle

David before Saul folio 24 verso of the Belleville Breviary

from Paris, France

Virgin of Jeanne d’Evreaux

from the abbey church of Saint-Denis

Saint-Denis, France

1339silver gilt and enamel27 1/2 in. high

The Castle of Love and knights jousting

lid of a jewelry casket

from Paris, France

ca. 1330-1350ivory and iron4 1/2 x 9 3/4 in.

Salisbury Cathedral

Salisbury, England

1220-1258; west façade completed 1265; spire ca. 1320-1330

Plan and Nave of Salisbury Cathedral

Salisbury, England

1220-1258

Nave of Salisbury Cathedral

Salisbury, England

1220-1258

Choir of Gloucester Cathedral

Gloucester, England

1332-1357

Tomb of Edward II

Gloucester Cathedral

Gloucester, England

ca. 1330-1335

Chapel of Henry VII

Westminster Abbey

London, England

1503-1519

Gerhard of Cologne

Cologne Cathedral

Cologne, Germany

begun 1248

Gerhard of Cologne

Cologne Cathedral

Cologne, Germany

begun 1248

Saint Elizabeth

Marburg, Germany

1235-1283

nave of Saint Elizabeth

Marburg, Germany

1235-1283

Death of the Virgintympanum of left doorway, south transeptStrasbourg Cathedral

Strasbourg, France

ca. 1230

Eckehard and Utastatues in the west choirNaumburg Cathedral

Naumburg, Germany

ca. 1249-1255painted limestone6 ft. 2 in. high

Bamberg Riderstatue in the east choirBamberg Cathedral

Bamberg, Germany

ca. 1235-1240sandstone7 ft. 9 in. high

Virgin with the Dead ChristRöttgen Pietà

from the Rhineland, Germany

ca. 1300-1325painted wood2 ft. 10 1/2 in. high

Arm Reliquary of Charlemagne

from Aachen, Germany

1481gilt silver and enamel85 cm high

Nicholas of Verdun

Klosterneuburg Altar

from the abbey church at Klosterneuburg, Austria

1181gilded copper and enamel3 ft. 6 3/4 in. high

Nicholas of Verdun

Klosterneuburg Altar

from the abbey church at Klosterneuburg, Austria

1181gilded copper and enamel3 ft. 6 3/4 in. high overall

Nicholas of Verdun

Shrine of the Three Kings

from Cologne Cathedral Cologne, Germany

ca. 1190silver, bronze, enamel and gemstones5 ft. 8 in. x 6 ft. x 3 ft. 8 in.

Milan Cathedral

Milan, Italy

begun 1386

Cimabue

Madonna Enthroned with Angels and Prophets

ca. 1280-1290tempera on wood12 ft. 7 in. x 7 ft. 4 in.

Giotto di Bondoone

Madonna Enthroned

ca. 1310tempera on wood10 ft. 8 in. x 6 ft. 8 in.

Duccio di Buoninsegna

Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saintsfrom the Maestà altarpiece

from Siena Cathedral, Siena, Italy

1308-1311tempera on wood7 ft. x 13 ft.

Simone Martini and Lippo Memmi

Annunciation

1333tempera and gold leaf on wood10 ft.1 in. x 8 ft. 8 3/4 in.

Claus Sluter

Well of Moses

Chartreuse de Champmol, Dijon, France

1395-1406stonefigures approximately 6 ft. high

Limbourg Brothers

May from Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

1413-1416ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum8 1/2 x 5 1/2 in.

Richard de Bello(?)

Mappamundi of Henry III

ca. 1277-1289tempera on vellum5 ft. 2 in. x 4 ft. 4 in.

Late Gothic Art

William V. Ganis, PhD

Visitationjamb statues of central doorway

west facade of Reims Cathedral

Reims, France

ca. 1230

Virgin of Jeanne d’Evreaux

from the abbey church of Saint-Denis

Saint-Denis, France

1339silver gilt and enamel27 1/2 in. high

Eckehard and Utastatues in the west choirNaumburg Cathedral

Naumburg, Germany

ca. 1249-1255painted limestone6 ft. 2 in. high

Master Honoré

David anointed by Samuel and battle of David and Goliathfolio 7 verso of the Breviary of Phillipe le Bel

from Paris, France

The Basilica of Saint Anastasiawestern facade

Verona, Italy

1290-1481

The Basilica of Saint Anastasianave

Verona, Italy

1290-1481

The Basilica of Saint Anastasianave and chapels

Verona, Italy

1290-1481

Domenico Curtoni

The Basilica of Saint Anastasia

Altar of Our Lady of the Rosary

Verona, Italy

late 16th- early 17th century

Limbourg Brothers

May from Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

Limbourg Brothers

February from Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

Limbourg Brothers

January from Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

Limbourg Brothers

October from Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

Claus Sluter

Well of Moses

Chartreuse de Champmol, Dijon, France

1395-1406stonefigures approximately 6 ft. high

Mechior Broederlam

Retable de Champmol

From Chapel of the Chartreuse de Champmol, Dijon, France

Installed 1399tempera on panelpanels each 5 ft. 3 3/4 in. x 4 ft. 1 1/4 in.

Jan van Eyck

Ghent Altarpiece (closed)

Saint Bavo Cathedral, Ghent, Belgium

1432oil on wood11 ft. 5 3/4 in. high

Jan van Eyck

Ghent Altarpiece (closed) (detail of St. John the Evangelist)

Jan van Eyck

Ghent Altarpiece (open)

Rogier van der Weyden

Deposition

from Notre- Hors-les-murs, Louvain, Belgium

ca. 1435oil on woodapproximately 7 ft. 3 in. x 8 ft. 7 in.

Judgment Altarpiece (open)

Hôtel-Dieu, Beaune, France

ca. 1444-1448panel7 ft. 4 5/8 in. x 17 ft. 11 in.

Dirk Bouts

Last Supper

From Saint Peter’s, Louvain, Belgium

1464-1468oil on woodapproximately 6 ft. 5 in. high

Hugo van der Goes

Portinari Altarpiece (open)

From Sant’Egidio, Florence, Italy

ca. 1476tempera and oil on wood8 ft. 3 1/2 in. x 10 ft. (center) 8 ft. 3 1/2 in. x 4 ft. 7 1/2 in. (wings)

Hugo van der Goes

Portinari Altarpiece (open)

From Sant’Egidio, Florence, Italy

ca. 1476tempera and oil on wood8 ft. 3 1/2 in. x 10 ft. (center) 8 ft. 3 1/2 in. x 4 ft. 7 1/2 in. (wings)

Hans Memling

Saint John Altarpiece

Hospital Sint Jan, Bruges, Belgium

1479oil on wood5 ft. 7 3/4 in. x 5 ft. 7 3/4 in (center) 5 ft. 7 3/4 in. x 2 ft. 7 1/8 in (wings)

Robert Campin

Merode Altarpiece (open)

ca. 1425-1428oil on wood2 ft. 1 in. 2 ft. 1 in. (center)

Jan van Eyck

Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride

1434oil on wood2 ft. 8 in. x 1 ft. 11 1/2 in.

Petrus Christus

A Goldsmith in His Shop (St. Eligius)

1449oil on wood3 ft. 3 in. x 2 ft. 10 in.

Jan van Eyck

Man in a Red Turban

1433oil on wood10 1/4 in. x 7 1/2 in.

Jan van Eyck

Annunciation

c. 1435oil on canvas93 x 37 cm

Jan van Eyck

Annunciation

c. 1435oil on canvas93 x 37 cm

Portrait of a Lady

ca. 1460oil on panel13 3/8 in. x 10 1/16 in.

Hieronymus Bosch

The Temptations of Saint Anthony

1510oil on wood70 x 51 cm

Hieronymus Bosch

The Temptations of Saint Anthony

1510oil on wood70 x 51 cm

Hieronymus Bosch

The Creation of the World

1505-1510oil on wood76 3/4 x 43 1/4 in.

Hieronymus Bosch

Creation of Eve, Garden of Earthly Delights, Hell

1505-1510oil on wood7 ft. 2 5/8 in. x 6 ft. 4 3/4 in. (center)

Hieronymus Bosch

Garden of Earthly Delights

1505-1510oil on wood7 ft. 2 5/8 in. x 6 ft. 4 3/4 in. (center)

Hieronymus Bosch

Garden of Earthly Delights (center panel)