global environmental trends: resources at risk

Global Environmental Trends: Global Environmental Trends: Resources at RiskResources at Risk

World Resources InstituteWorld Resources Institutehttp://www.wri.org/wri/http://www.wri.org/wri/

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Forest Loss Is Severe in the TropicsForest Loss Is Severe in the Tropics

0

10

20

30

40

50

(per

cent

)

Asia Africa Latin America World

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Amazon Deforestation Remains HighAmazon Deforestation Remains High

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Many of Earth’s Forests Have Been Many of Earth’s Forests Have Been Cleared or DegradedCleared or Degraded

02,000,0004,000,0006,000,0008,000,000

10,000,00012,000,00014,000,00016,000,00018,000,000

Russia andEurope

Asia North &South

America

SouthAmerica

Africa Oceania

(mill

ions

of s

quar

e ki

lom

eter

s)

Cleared Non Frontier Forest Frontier Forest

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Water Demand is Growing, Water Demand is Growing, But Supplies Are LimitedBut Supplies Are Limited

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Oceania

North America

Central America

South America

Asia

Europe

Africa

World

Percentage of Water Resources

Total Withdrawals

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Agriculture Dominates Water Use, Agriculture Dominates Water Use, But Its Share Will DeclineBut Its Share Will Decline

0 20 40 60 80 100

Oceania

North America

Central America

South America

Asia

Europe

Africa

World

Agricultural Industrial Domestic

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Low-Income Nations Are Especially Low-Income Nations Are Especially Vulnerable to Water ScarcityVulnerable to Water Scarcity

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River Habitats Have Been Heavily River Habitats Have Been Heavily AlteredAltered

200 3125 8750

489000

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

(kilo

met

ers)

1680 1800 1900 1980

Waterways Altered for Navigation

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How Much Are Nature’s Services How Much Are Nature’s Services Worth?Worth?

Global GNP(US $18 trillion)

Ecosystem Services(US $33 trillion)Ecosystem Services(US $33 trillion)

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Reef Threats Are ExtensiveReef Threats Are Extensive

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

Coastal Marine Over-Exploitation Land-based Pollution

(per

cent

)

High Medium

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Some Fish Stocks Have Collapsed Some Fish Stocks Have Collapsed from Overfishingfrom Overfishing

0

100

200

300

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990

Nonc

od C

atch

(000

met

ric to

ns)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Cod

Catc

h (0

00 m

etric

tons

)

Flatfishes (flounders, halibuts, etc.) Haddock Red hake Atlantic cod COD CATCHNON COD CATCH

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Bird Populations Are Under Siege Bird Populations Are Under Siege WorldwideWorldwide