global energy interconnection and the concept of … 2-3 gesong chen.pdf · 2 “china will propose...
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1
Dr. Chen Gesong
State Grid Corporation of China
17/12/2015
Global Energy Interconnection and Northeast Asia Grid
2
“China will propose discussions on estab-
lishing global energy interconnection to
facilitate efforts to meet the global power
demand with clean and green alternatives”.
----Chinese President Xi Jinping
Exert the influence of the UN to support
and promote the construction of global
energy interconnection and support
human society’s sustainable
development.
-----UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon
3
1. What is GEI
2. Why we need GEI
3. How to build GEI
Part I Global Energy Interconnection(GEI)
Video: GEI
4
GEI= UHV + Smart Grid + Clean Energy
5
恰姆帕 换流站
库鲁特舍克拉 换流站
UHV - Backbone of GEI 1000kV AC or above ± 800kV DC or above Advantage: Long distance,
High capacity, Low loss
DC ± 1100kV DC ± 500kV
Capacity 12GW 3GW
Distance 5000km <1000km
Line loss 2% /1000km 8% /1000 km
China UHV projects under
operation:
3AC + 6 DC
transmitted 520 TWh
construction:
4AC + 5 DC
Overseas UHVDC projects
under construction :
2 in Brazil
2 in India
6
Smart Grid projects of SGCC National Wind-PV-Storage
Transmission demonstration Project:
500MW wind power 100MW solar power 70MW storage power Zhoushan ± 200kV 1GW five-
end VSC HVDC Project. 2100 Smart Substations 310 Million Smart Meters 800 EV Charging Stations 24,000 Charging Poles
Zhoushan ± 200kV five-end VSC HVDC Project
Smart Grid – Foundation of GEI
National Wind-PV-Storage Transmission demonstration Project in North Zhangjiakou
High flexibility and adaptability for clean energy, DG, micro grid Integration of smart equipment, intelligent city, customer interaction
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Clean Energy – Focus of GEI
Technology innovation Wind turbine: 8MW; Solar power efficiency: 20-35%. Installed Capacity: 370GW wind power, 190GW solar power in 2014. Cost competitive: China: Wind: 0.07$/kWh; Solar: 0.13 $/kWh.
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
40
30
20
10
0
陆上风电 光伏发电 化石能源发电
单位:美分
/千瓦时
Onshore
Wind Solar Fossil
Un
it: ce
nts
pe
r K
Wh
Comparisons of costs development trends of onshore wind power, Solar
power and fossil fuel
World Installed power capacity and growth rates of wind and solar, 2000-2014
8
Challenges Two
Replacements GEI
9
Energy
Security
Environment
Pollution Climate
Change
Challenges
Acid Rain Areas
SO2, NOX 1t fossil=2t CO2
10
Clean energy replacement:replacing fossil fuels with clean energy like
solar and wind power in energy development side, cutting the emission
of CO2 and SO2, NOx, etc.
Electricity replacement: replacing consumption of fossil fuels like coal
and oil with electricity in energy consumption side, increasing the
energy efficiency and improving environment conditions.
Solutions-Two Replacements
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Platform for clean energy replacement:
Adapt to the uneven-distribution,
randomness of wind and solar power
generation;
Develop clean energy in large scale.
0.05% of clean energy can meet total
demand of the whole world.
Platform for electricity replacement
Allocate electricity worldwide
Provide reliable electricity supply
3.1 实施“两个替代”的必然要求 Platform-GEI
Allocation of world wind Resource Allocation of world solar resource
>1000TW > 100,000TW
Gas Power
Coal Power
Hydropower
Wind power
Solar Power Nuclear Power
Thermal Power
Tidal Power Load
Grid
12
now 2020 2030 2050
Phase 1: domestic interconnection
Promote national smart grid and interconnection
Promote domestic clean energy development
Phase 2: continental interconnection
Promote continental cross-border interconnections
Promote continental clean energy bases development
Phase 3: intercontinental interconnection
Realize intercontinental grid connection
Develop Arctic and equatorial clean energy
Form a global energy interconnection
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国家电网
南方电网
SGCC will build UHV
AC/DC hybrid grid
By 2020, eastern and
western synchronized
State Grid
By 2025,a unified
synchronized State Grid
State Grid
China Southern Grid
(1) Domestic interconnection-China
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Asian interconnected power grid
Legend
Central Asia
Sou
th A
sia Hydropower
Wind Power
Solar Power
Oceania
(2)Continental Interconnection – Asia
Grid Interconnection
Asia Grid includes:
Northeast Asia Grid,
Middle Asia Grid,
Southeast Asia Grid,
South Asia Grid,
Middle east Grid
Clean Energy
By 2050,
38,000TWh
Distributed
4,500 TWh
Centralized
29,000 TWh
Arctic and Equatorial
4,700 TWh
15
(3)Global Interconnection
1,200
1,000
800
1,500
2,500
1,000
(Unit: trillion kWh)
Unit:TWh
Asia
North America
Africa
Europe
South America
Oceania
Region Demand Centralized Generation
Distributed Generation
From Arctic From Equatorial
Asia 38,000 28,900 4,500 1,200 3,500
Europe 9,500 6,300 900 800 1,500
North America 10,200 7,700 1,600 1,000 0
South America 5,100 3,300 800 0 1,000
Africa 9,500 3,500 3,000 0 3,000
Oceania 700 500 300 0 0
Total 73,000 50,000 11,000 3,000 9,000
Power Supply Structure in 2050 (TWh)
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Promoting clean energy development, 80%
Meeting electricity demand ,73,000TWh
Reducing carbon emission, 11.5 billion tones CO2
Replacing 24 billion tons of standard coal annually
Cutting 67 billion tons of carbon dioxide annually
(4) Benefits of GEI
Controlling temperature rise within 2℃.
The challenges of energy security, environment pollution and climate
change can be solved.
Centralized Generation
Distributed
Generation
From Arctic
and Equatorial
23Btons
11.5Bton
s
0
5
10
15
20
25
Carbon Emission
1990 2050Power supply structure Energy structure
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1. Importance of NEAG
2. Roadmap of NEAG
3. Benefits of NEAG
Part II Northeast Asia Grid (NEAG)
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Promoting the construction of GEI.
• An important part of Asian grid
• Conjunction for Europe-Asia-North America grid
• Promoting Arctic wind power development
36%
64%
Electricity Generation
Northeast Asia
24%
76%
Population
Northeast Asia
Rest of the world
Northeast Asia
Rest of the world
Rest of the world
Northeast Asia
Grid
Europe
19
Promoting clean energy development in Northeast Asia
Wind Resource in Russia
10,400 TWh/year
Hydro Resource in Russia
700TWh/year
Wind Resource in Mongolia
2,500 TWh/year
Solar Resource in Mongolia
3,400 TWh/year
Wind Resource in China
20,000 TWh/year
Solar Resource in China
85,000 TWh/year
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Promoting regional energy balance and safety
Source : IEA, Energy Balances of OECD Countries 2014; Energy Balances of non-OECD Countries 2014.
503.17 436.8
232.4
-592.94
-11.78
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
China Japan Korea Russia Mongolia
Exp
ort
I
mp
ort
Unit: Million tons of oil equivalent
Net Import of Energy in 2013
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Step 3 Step 2
Step 1
Interconnection
of China, Russia
and Mongolia
Interconnection of
China, Korean
Peninsula and
Japan
Interconnection
of NEAG
Principles of constructing NEAG
• From easiness to hardness
• From near to distant
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Energy sending : Wind and solar power in Mongolia Hydropower in Far East and Siberia Wind power in Northeast China
Project Voltage Capacity
ERKO Zipf, Russia - Bazhou, China ± 800kV 8GW
Irkutsk, Russia – Tangshan, China ± 800kV 8GW
Mongolia – Jinan, China ± 800kV 10GW
(1) Interconnection of China, Russia and Mongolia Grid
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(2) Interconnection of China, Korean Peninsula and Japan Grid
± 500/± 800kV multi-end DC project:4-5-6 Length:1500km, (including submarine cable 400 km);
Sending end: Shenyang, Weihai
Receiving end:Pyongyang, Seoul, Fukuoka
Weihai 3GW
Pyongyang 1GW
Fukuoka 2GW
Shenyang 3GW
Seoul 3GW
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Grid Pattern UHV AC/DC backbone grid North-South Electricity transmission West-East Electricity transmission
Generation Pattern Coordinated integration of
multiple energy sources
Combined utilization of hydro
& thermal generation
Mutual backup of Wind &
Solar power
(3) Northeast Asia Grid
Irkutsk
Mongolia
ERKO Zipf
Fukuoka
Sapporo
Bering Strait
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Strong grid
Support
Receiving grid for clean energy from Russia and
Mongolia
Sending grid for power to Korean Peninsula and Japan
Power pool of NEAG
Technology
Support
UHV AC/DC transmission
Controlling of large scale grid
VSC-HVDC
FACTs
Equipment &
Production
Support
UHV AC/DC equipment
50% of global wind turbine production capacity (28GW)
51% of global solar cell production capacity(40GW)
(4)Role of China Grid
26
3D benefits Time Zone Difference
Seasonal Difference
Price Difference
Seasonal difference in Northeast Asia
Time zone difference in Northeast Asia Price difference in Northeast Asia
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23
Load
rat
io
China Korea Japan Monglolia Russia
0.05 0.06
0.11 0.10
0.21
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
Mongolia Russia China Korea Japan
Ele
ctri
city
Pri
ce o
n a
vera
ge
Do
llars
/kW
h
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
1 2 3 4
LOA
D R
ATI
O
China Japan Korea Russia Mongolia
Winter Spring summer Autumn
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Sufficient energy supply
for Northeast Asia
Energy Benefit
Economic Benefit
Social Benefit
Environment Benefit
Reduce system reserve,
Investment in generation and grid,
Boost economy
Integrate clean energy
Reduce SO2, NOX, CO2 emission
Economic integration
Political mutual trust
Peoples’ interaction
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Conclusion:
GEI is a feasible solution to challenges of energy security, environment pollution and climate change of the world.
NEAG, acting as a pioneer project of GEI, will solve the energy problems in Northeast Asia.
SGCC will jointly promote the construction of GEI and NEAG.
Video: GEI
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Thank you!
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