genetics review. who is the “father of genetics”? gregor mendel what organism did mendel use to...

Genetics Review

Who is the “Father of Genetics”?

Gregor Mendel

What organism did Mendel use to study genetics?

Pea Plants

Transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring is called ___________________.

_____________ is the study of how characteristics are passed on from one generation to the next.

heredity

Genetics

__________________ = An allele that IS MASKED BY the presence of another allele

Recessive

The appearance of an organism is

its _____________phenotype

Another name for heterozygous

hybrid

The diagram at the rightis called a _____________Punnett square

__________________ = An allele that MASKS the presence of another allele

Dominant

A recessive gene is represented by a _________________ letter.lower case

_______________

are different gene

choices for a trait.

Alleles

A dominant gene is represented by a ____________ letter.(usually the first letter of the trait)

capital

When both alleles in the pair are the SAME the organism is ______________ Homozygous or purebred

When both alleles in the pair are DIFFERENT the organism is

_________________Heterozygous or hybrid

monohybridA cross that involves only 1 traitis called a ____________ cross.

Homozygous (HO) or Heterozygous (HE)?

TT ____Yy ____Hh ____Mm ____

Ee ____kk ____BB ____ ZZ ____

HO

HE

HE

HE HO

HO

HO

HE

Determine the Phenotype:

Pink flowers are dominant to red flowers

PP _____________Pp _____________pp _____________

Brown eyes are dominant to green eyes

BB ____________Bb ____________bb ____________

Pink

Pink

Red

Brown

Green

Brown

For each phenotype, list the genotype:

Straight hair is dominant to curly.

____________ straight____________ straight____________ curly

Square heads are dominant to round heads.

____________ square____________ square____________ round

SS

Ss

ss

SS

Ss

ss

In guinea pigs, black fur (B) is dominant over brown fur (b).

If a black Guinea pig is crossed witha brown Guinea pig and the littercontains a brown baby, the genotypeof the black parent is probably

BB Bb bb

Bb; Must have one B to be black must have one b to pass on to baby

T = Tall

t = short

The genotype of the offspring from the

cross at the right is _________.

Their phenotype is _________.

Tt

tall

The parents in this cross are _____________ Homozygous Heterozygous

Heterozygous

If G is dominant for green pods and g is recessive for yellow pods, what percentage of the offspring will have green pods? _______% 75

GG Gg

Gg gg

G gG

g

What are the possible phenotypes of their offspring?

(% and color)

Red throats (R) are dominant over white (r)throats in Goonie birds.

Make a cross between a PURE RECESSIVE and a HETEROZYGOUS Goonie bird.

50% red throats 50% white throats

Rr rr

Rr rr

R r

r

r

What are the possible phenotypes of their offspring?

(% and color)

Black eyes (B) are dominant over red eyes (b) in rats.

Make a cross between two HETEROZYGOUS rats.

75 % black eyes 25% red eyes

B b

B b

BB Bb

Bb bb

The parents in this cross are _____________ Homozygous Heterozygous

Homozygous

If W is dominant for long wings and w is recessive for short wings, what percentage of these offspring will have short wings? _______%

0% only ww makes it short

What is the probability the offspring will have straight tails?

In Reebops curly tails (T) are dominant over straight tails (t).

Make a cross between a HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT and a HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE Reebop.

0% All will be Curly tailed (Tt)

Tt Tt

Tt Tt

T T

t

t

What will the offspring be like?

(% and color)

Purple (P)is the dominant color for monsters. Yellow is recessive (p).Make a cross between a HOMOZYGOUS purple and a yellow monster.

100% purple

Pp Pp

Pp Pp

P P

p

p