genetic genealogy

Genetic Genealogy: Using DNA as a Tool in Genealogy

Shannon Combs-Bennett

Trials and Tribulations Family Historyhttp://tntfamilyhistory.blogspot.com/

tntfamhist@kandsbennettOffice: 540-735-0858

@tntfamhistBy PresenterMedia.com

Shannon Combs-Bennett (c) 2014

Handouts are provide for your use, please do not distribute them without permission

•Housekeeping Items

Please silence all electronicsQuestions will be taken at the end of the presentation

Please do not take photos or audio/video recording of the presentation

Shannon Combs-Bennett (c) 2014

•WHY SHOULD I DO THISExplanations, myth de-bunking, and the basics

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•Explain to me what’s the big deal•Using DNA as a tool•Confirm your research• Find new family links•Helping other researchers

• How do they go together?•Genetics and Genealogy

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• Will an insurance company or my employer have access to my DNA?

• These tests are done by blood draws and are very expensive

•Three Common Concerns

• I don’t have to exhume my ancestors do I?

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BASIC DNA TERMS• Allele / Gene• Bases

• A – Adenine• T – Thymine• C – Cytosine• G - Guanine

• Chromosomes• DNA• Genome• Locus/marker

• Hapolgroup• Haplotype• MRCA• Phylo-tree• SNP• STR• Sub-clade

GENETIC TERMS

•Useful Terminology

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• Autosomal (admixture)

• Y-DNA

• mtDNA

• X-DNA

•Types of DNA Testing

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•AUTOSOMAL DNA TESTING

What it is and what it can tell you

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• Term used to describe the DNA you inherit through autosomal chromosomes, not sex determining chromosomes.

•What is Autosomal DNA

Image from scotlandsdna.com

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•Wait…What Just Happened?

Image from ricochetscience.com

Parents

Children

Grandchildren

Great grandchildren

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• Confidence for about 7 generations

• Can confirm or give new leads to paper genealogy research

•What Will it Show me

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•Example Result: Ancestry DNA

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• Example Result: FTDNA Chromosome Comparison

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•Y-DNA TESTINGWhat the men in your family can tell you

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• In general, it is the sex chromosome that determines maleness

• Passed from father to son

•What is Y-DNA

Image from scotlandsdna.com

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• Verify male lineage• Surname Studies• Guild of One Name groups

• Probable Haplogroup determinations

• Mutation changes from ancestral origins

•Y-DNA Results

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•Example Results: Ancestry

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•Example Results: FTDNA

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•Reading Your Results

NameHap Grp 19a

385a

385b 388

389I

389II 390 391 392 393 426 437 438 439 441 442 444 445 446 447 448 449 452 454 455 456 458

459a

459b

Unknown Dorset R1b 15 11 14 12 13 29 24 10 13 13 12 15 11 13 14 18 11 12 12 20 19 28 30 11 11 16 17 9 9

Combs Sample 1 R1b 15 11 14 12 13 29 24 10 13 13 12 15 11 13 14 18 11 12 12 20 19 28 30 11 11 16 17 9 9

Combs Sample 2 R1b 15 14 14 12 13 29 24 10 13 13 12 15 11 13 14 18 11 12 12 20 19 28 30 11 11 16 17 9 9

My Father R1b 15 11 14 12 13 29 24 10 13 13 12 15 11 13 13 13 11 12 12 20 19 29 30 11 11 16 17 8 9

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•Haplogroup Migration Map

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•MTDNA TESTINGWhat your mother’s, mother’s, mother can tell you

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• mtDNA is passed from a mother to all of her children

• mt = Mitochondira

•What is mtDNA

Image from scotlandsdna.com

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• Tool for deep ancestry identification

• Probable haplogroup identification

• Tests HVR1 and HVR2 regions

•mtDNA Results

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•Example Results: FTDNA

Reconstructed Sapiens

Reference System

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•Example Results: Ancestry

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•Haplogroup Migration Map

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•X-CHROMOSOME TESTINGA test for those “in-between” ancestors

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• Men receive X-Chromosome from their mother

• Women receive and X-Chromosome from each parent

• Inheritance is similar to Autosomal DNA

• X-Chromosomes crossover just like autosomal chromosomes

•What it can tell you

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•Results For Women

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•Results For Men

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•Percentages Inherited

Chart from Blain Bettinger, The Genetic Genealogist

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•TESTING COMPANIES AND RESOURCES

Labs, books, websites, and groups

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• FTDNA

• 23andMe

• AncestryDNA

• National Geographic and Geneographic Project

•A Few Testing Companies

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• Genetics Home Reference

• DNA Interactive• International

Society of Genetic Genealogists (ISOGG)

• ISOGG Wiki• Guild of One Name

Studies

•  The Practical Guide to the Genetic Family History.

• How to DNA Test Our Family Relationships. 

• DNA and Genealogy.• Trace Your Roots

with DNA: Using Genetic Tests to Explore Your Family Tree.

•Websites, Blogs, and Books

• Your Genetic Genealogist by Cece Moore

• The Genetic Genealogist by Blaine Bettinger

• DNAeXplained by Roberta Estes

• On-line Journal of Genetics and Genealogy

Shannon Combs-Bennett (c) 2014

THANK YOU FOR ATTENDING

Shannon Combs-BennettTrials and Tribulations Family Historyhttp://tntfamilyhistory.blogspot.com/

tntfamhist@kandsbennettOffice: 540-735-0858

@tntfamhist