general biology ii lab

Bacteria, Protists, Fungi

Taxonomy is changing DNA technology is showing

relationships previously not known

You will hear the term “clade” – what does that mean? Clade – any taxon that consists

of all the evolutionary descendants of a common ancestor Identified by picking any

point on a phylogenetic tree and tracing all the descendant lineages

Binomial Nomenclature, Scientific Name Genus species or Genus species

Genus is capitalized, species is lowercase Italicized or underlined

Homo sapiens Homo sapiens Tursiops truncatus Tursiops truncatus Callinectes sapidus Callinectes sapidus

Domain Bacteria – unicellular prokaryotes Bacteria Cyanobacteria

Domain Archaea – unicellular prokaryotes Includes “extremophiles”

Domain Eukarya – eukaryotes Kingdom Protista Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Animalia

Tips: Start on Scanning

objective, look for color Center and focus Move to the 10x objective Center and focus Move to the 40x objective Center and focus If necessary, move to oil

immersion Place drop of oil on slide and

move oil lens into the oil DO NOT get oil on any of the

other lenses Be sure to WIPE oil off of lens

when done!!!!! (with lens paper!)

Shapes Spirillum

Coccus

Bacillus

Gleocapsa

Oscillatoria

Anabaena

Common name• Protozoa – heterotrophic, “animal-like”• Algae – autotrophic

Groups:• Excavata – Giardia, Trichomonas, Euglena, Trypanosoma• Alveolates – dinoflagellates, apicomplexans (plasmodium),

ciliates (paramecium)• Stramenophiles – oomycetes, diatoms, brown algae• Rhodophytes – red algae• Chlorophytes – green algae• Rhizaria – foraminiferans, radiolarians• Amoebozoans – plasmodial slime molds, Amoeba

Amoeba proteus – move by pseudopodia

Radiolarians

Globigerina

Ciliates Paramecium

Stentor

Vorticella

Trypanosoma

Trichomonas

Red bloodcells

Plasmodium – no means of locomotion Look for it inside red blood cell

Microscopic algae Phytoplankton

Macroscopic algae “seaweed”

Green Algae Microscopic

Spirogyra Look for green spirals

Volvox

Macroscopic

Euglena – photosynthetic flagellate Look for flagella and chloroplasts, can be

mistaken for paramecium

Diatoms

Electron Microscope picture

Dinoflagellates Ceratium

Brown Algae Macroscopic examples

Sargassum

Fucus

Red Algae Macroscopic examples

Slime Molds Plasmodial slime molds

Physarum

Phylum Zygomycota – black bread molds Rhizopus – under the microscope

Phylum Ascomycota

Phylum Ascomycota – under the microscope Saccharomyces - yeast

Penicillium

Aspergillus

PezizaCross section of cup seen on previous slide

Phylum Basidiomycota What we think of when we say “mushrooms”

Phylum Basidiomycota – under the microscope Coprina

On one side write: Domain Kingdom Group Genus Characteristics

Know what is prokaryotic and what is eukaryotic!

On the other side:

Picture of the organism

On Handout Domain is capitalized Group is in bold print Genus is underlined (# is the

slide #)

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