from city to city-regionthe city-region and its development needs and presents a vision of the...
Post on 11-Mar-2020
2 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
1
Helsinki.City.Planning.Department.publications.2009:8
Helsinki.City.Planning.Department.publications.2009:8
FromCity to
City-RegionCity of Helsinki
Strategic Spatial Plan
1
From City to City-Region
City of Helsinki Strategic Spatial Plan
From City to
City-RegionCity of Helsinki
Strategic Spatial Plan
2
@CityPlanningDepartment2009
CityofHelsinki
EditedbyDouglasGordon,RikhardManninen&OlaviVeltheim
(note:seeOrganisationpageforallcontributorsfromtheoriginalFinnishedition)
Design&layout:DouglasGordon
Graphicdesign:HeikkiJantunen
Printing:EditaPrimaOy,2009,Helsinki
ISSN0787-9024
ISBN978-952-223-495-7(paperback)
ISBN978-952-223-496-4(PDF)
3
CONTENTS
FromCitytoCity-region:HelsinkiStrategicSpatialPlan................................................................................................... . 5
SettingtheVision.............................................................................................................................. . 5StrategicspatialdevelopmentstrategyandtheMasterPlan......................................................... . 6TheKeyStrategicIssues.................................................................................................................. . 7
TowardsaMetropolitanCity-region.......................................................................................... . 9
IntegratingtheMetropolitanareaasaCity-region......................................................................... . 9KeyPolicies:....................................................................................................................................... .10
City-regionMAP:themetropolisbecomesaCity-region................................................................ .12
SuccessfulBusiness....................................................................................................................... .15
AdiversifiedCity-regionwitheconomicbalanceandclustersofspecialisation........................... .15KeyPolicies:....................................................................................................................................... .16
BusinessMAP:enlargingtheinnercityandserviceclusters........................................................ .18
Attractivehousing–MakingtheCityliveable..................................................................... .23
Renaissanceareas............................................................................................................................. .24KeyPolicies:...................................................................................................................................... .24
HousingMAP:CityLiving–Regionalidentities............................................................................. .26
DynamicChangeintheUrbanLandscape............................................................................ .31
ALivelyCityscape.............................................................................................................................. .31Improvingthequalityofthegreennetwork.................................................................................... .32KeyPolicies:....................................................................................................................................... .33
MAP:LivelyCityscape....................................................................................................................... .34
StrategicSpatialPlanImplementation.................................................................................... .37
5
From City to City-region: Helsinki Strategic Spatial Plan
Setting the VisionThe City of Helsinki’s strategic spatialplan is a spatial development strategyforthecity-regionandconsistsofasetofdevelopmentpoliciesandspatialplan-ningframework.ItispreparedonceperCouncilterm,i.e.onceeveryfouryears.The spatial plan analyses the futureofthe city-region and its developmentneedsandpresentsaVisionofthecity-region’s futureprinciplesof spatial de-velopmentoverthenextthreedecades.‘From City to City-region’ contains
policystatementswhichcreatethebasisforHelsinki’snewspatialvision.Forthefirst time inHelsinki’shistory, theguid-ingprinciplesforfuturedevelopmentgobeyondthecityboundariesandtakeac-countoftheregionasawhole.Theplansetsouttheeconomic,socialandenvi-ronmental relationships, and their im-pactphysicallyuponmetropolitandevel-opmentforthenext30years.Theinte-gratedrelationshipsaresetout inase-ries of policiesgrouped around key is-suesofbusinessactivities,housing,city-landscapeandregionalstructure.Theseform thestrategicspatial framework toguidefuturedevelopment.The vision consists of key themes
which aredeveloped into a set of spa-tialstrategies.Thespatialstrategiesthenformaseriesofpoliciesundereachmainheadingofthekeythemes.Thepoliciesin turn show the physical demands ofcity growth and population needs up-on thecity-regionstructure. It ispopu-lation and economic innovationwhichare thedrivers of change. Thepoliciestranslate intoaprogrammeofdevelop-mentproposalswhicharevisualisedbymeansofmapsthatrepresent therela-tionshipsbetween the key themes. To-gether, themaps indicatehowthepro-posalsaretobeimplementedovertimetoachieveHelsinki’sspatialvision.Therearefourkeymapsrepresenting
thekey themes.Threeof themapsaregroupedaroundanintegratedsetofre-lationships,butforsimplicity,areshown
functionally,namely:•. SuccessfulBusiness,•. CityLiving,•. DynamicCityscape.
The fourthmap– ‘Towardsametro-politan city-region’, represents an inte-grationofthemostimportantregionalel-ementsfromeachofthethreefunctionalmaps intoasinglemetropolitancity-re-gionspatialdevelopmentstrategyplan.Thismap forms thebasisof theprinci-plestobeappliedinthedevelopmentoftheHelsinkiMetropolitanArea,whilethepreviousthreemapspertaintotheprinci-plesforthedevelopmentofHelsinkiandtheareasdirectlyconnectedtoit.One of themain aims of Helsinki’s
StrategicSpatial Plan is forHelsinki toincorporatetheEUguidelinesofTerrito-rialAgendaonspatialplanningintothecity-regional objectives as well as thecorrespondingEUdocumentonurbanpolicy.Thespatialplan´Towardsamet-ropolitancity-region´,providesstrategicspatialguidancetothefuturemetropolisstructureoftheHelsinkiregioninaho-listicmanner.
ArabiaWired-City
6
Strategic spatial development strategy and the Master PlanHelsinki’s Master Plan 2002 was ap-provedbytheCityCouncilon26.11.2003andcamelegallyintoforcefortheentirecitywith the exceptionof theHelsinki-MalmiAirportarea.Thepreviousstrate-gicplanning advice formedpart of theMasterPlan2002togetherwiththeim-plementationschedule.Thechangesoccurringinthecommu-
nityarefastandhaveanimpactalsoonthevitalityandlanduseofthecity.There-fore, themasterplanmustbe ready toreact to the changes in order tomain-tain the vitality and competitivenessofthecityinaquickerway.Thenewstrate-gicspatialplanwillguidetheimplemen-tationoftheMasterPlan2002.Further-more,itisimportantthattheCityCoun-cil beable to assess,onceperCouncilterm,themodernityofthestrategicspa-tialplanandwhetherornotthemasterplanneedstoberevised.Thepreparationofthemasterplanis
alongandcomplicatedprocess.TheCityCouncilapprovesthemasterplanasthebasisforhowtheCitywillmanageitsde-velopmentinthefutureandwherenewinvestmentwill be located. InHelsinki,
thepracticehasbeentoprepareanewmasterplanaboutonceeverytenyears.City planning in Helsinki is viewed
as one of the key tools in themakingofmanyforward-lookingdecisions.TheCitypreparesplansandprogrammesforthefuture.Cityplanningplaysakeyroleand is integratedtogetherwiththerealestatedevelopmentprocessoftheCity.Theprinciplesofeconomicdevelopmentaredefinedinthebusinessstrategy.Theland use and housing implementationprogramme(LUHprogramme)containstheobjectivesandimplementationprin-ciplesoftheCity’shousingpolicies. The regional programme for land
use, housing and transport (LUHTpro-gramme) defines the principles of re-gionalcooperationbetweenHelsinkianditsneighbours.While the community changes and
theeconomydevelopsitisnecessarytoassess the impact these changesmayhaveonthecity-regionstructuretogeth-erwiththeenvironment(citylandscape)inordertokeeptheplansuptodateandbebaseduponcurrentinformationonfu-turelanduseproposals.Themasterplanhasalong-termper-
WesternHarbourfuturedevelopmentarea. 3D Render
Oy
7
spective,and ispreparedwithouta tar-getyear,althoughitisvaliduntiladeci-siontochangeitismade,normally,eve-ry tenyears. In thecourseof time, theguidinginfluenceofthemasterplanmayweaken.However,accordingtothelaw,themunicipalitymusthaveanup-to-datevalidmasterplanthatillustratesthemainpractical characteristics of the areas inthecity.Thestrategicspatialplanandthemas-
terplanformapartoftheoverallCity’sdevelopmentstrategy.Thestrategicele-mentactsasabroadguideandspatialframeworkforthemasterplan,whichisamoredetailedland-usespecificplan.
The Key Strategic Issues Metropolitanareasaremoreinternationalthaneverbeforeandbyworkingtogeth-er andcompetingwitheachother, theyset the development direction. Helsinkiinfluencestheentireregionandsomusttakemoreresponsibilitythanpreviouslyinmattersrelatedtoregionaldevelopment.
The growth of Helsinki and its region is beneficial to the whole
country.
Helsinkiisthecountry’scapitalandmaincitycentreandincludesthemostimpor-tant business and administrative activi-ties.Agrowingregionneedsmorespacefortheactivitiesofthemaincentre.
The main city-centre will be expanded.
Economicgrowthincreasesthewell-be-ingoftheresidents,whichisthefounda-tionofurbanlife.
Social unity is strengthened by satisfying people’s
needs now and in the future.
Formerareasofthecitychangeandgetnewbuildings. Thisgives the city newlayers of development. Land use be-comesmore effective and denser andthe environment more urban. At thesametime,however,thecityretains itsattractive characteristics such as theconnectionwithnature.
The city-region grows more urban and improves the
environment
Ametropolitancity-regiongrowswhenthereissufficientcriticalmasstoenablebetter public transport connectionsbe-tweenthedifferentpartsoftheregiontobeimproved.Transportprojectshavethetendency toplacegreateremphasisonthedistrictsofthemetropolitanareathatarelocatednorthofHelsinkiandindoingso,createanimbalanceinattractingfu-tureinvestment.Thismayhinderthede-velopmentofthecity-region.Inordertoprovidebettereconomicbalancespatial-lywithinthecity-region,theaimwillbefortheurbanstructuretobedevelopedstronglytowardsthecoastoftheGulfofFinlandalonganeast-westdevelopmentcorridor,andindoingso,willaimtocurburbansprawl.
By building the region also towards the coast, the region will retain its vitality and the
balance of the regional structure will be improved
9
Towards a Metropolitan City-region
Integrating the Metropolitan area as a City-regionTheHelsinki region is characterisedbyurban sprawl. There is toomuch con-structionoutside themainurbanstruc-tureandmostdevelopmenton thepe-ripheryoftheregionislowindensity.Asomewhat unrestrained regional struc-turehasbecomepartoftheurbancon-structiontradition.Lackofspacehasnotbeenan issuebefore.Thishasresultedin the current energy-wasting region-alstructureoftheCapitalarea,inwhichtransportationcostsarehighandclimateimpactsnegative.On the other hand, the city-region
transportationsystemfunctionswellandthepublictransportshareoftheHelsin-kipeninsulaishigh(currently72%).Therailwaycorridorsofferdevelopmentpo-tentialforincreasingdensitiestothesur-roundingcommunitiesandatthesametimewillbenefitfromenhancingtheirlo-cationaswellascreatingnewfavoura-blylocatedareasneartothecity-centre.Intherailtrafficarteriestherewillbea
numberofnewmodernanddenseurbanareasbeingbuiltthatwilleasilybecon-nectedtotheregionbynewpublictrans-portconnections.Withtheexceptionofthemetroline
thatgoesfromHelsinkitotheeastofthecity,mostofthenon-builtareasconnect-edtothemainrailcorridorsareinthear-eanorthofHelsinki.Thetransportpoli-cywillemphasisebettercross-towncon-
nectionsof the region and areasnorthofHelsinkiinordertoimprovetheover-allpublictransportnatureoftheregion.Thedirectionof developmentof the
urban structure emphasises the areasnorthofHelsinkiandremindsoftheear-lierphasesofHelsinki’splanninghistoryduringwhichdevelopmenttowardsthecoast anddevelopment from the coastinland were considered contradictoryprinciples.Thelocationofthecitycentreonanarrowpeninsulawasconsideredaproblemandinlandgrowthwasconsid-erednecessary.Alsoroadandrailtrafficaffectedtheurbanstructureindifferentways as the city expanded. The impor-tanceofthewaterareasvarieddepend-ingon thedirectionofgrowth and thesizeoftheurbanarea.Asimilarurbangrowthtrendappears
tobetakingplaceandthatthekeydirec-tionofmetropolitangrowthwouldcon-tinuetobeconcentratedalongitsnorth-ernaxisunlessgreaterspatialandeco-nomicbalance is provided through thenewspatial developmentpriority alongtheeast-westcoastaldevelopmentaxis.Bydoingso, the focusofattentionwillensurethemaindevelopmentdirectionswillbecontainedwithin thecity-regionproper,therebyensuringitsfuturevital-ityandatthesametime,containingur-bansprawl.
PikkuHuopalahti:a
dynamicnewurban
village
10
Key Policies:
EuropeanintegrationandGlobalisation
(1) TheHelsinkicity-regionwillbede-velopedasaEuropeancityinrelati-ontootherlargemetropolesworld-wide.
(2) Publictransportprojectswillbede-velopedhand-in-handwiththede-velopmentoftheurbanstructureofthecity-regionandwillbeofnatio-nalsignificance.
(3) The development possibilities fortheHelsinki city-regionare closelyconnected to the development oftheHelsinki –St.Petersburg – Tal-linn triangle. The requirements ofamuchstrongerSaintPetersburg-Helsinki–Tallinnaxiswillbetakenin-toaccountinspatialplanning.
Frommonoculturaltomulticultural
(4) Helsinki’shousingpoliciesneedtotakeintoaccounttheincreaseinim-migrationaswellasinthedevelop-ment of business activities.Activeeconomicpolicymeasureswill benecessary.More trainingpossibili-tiesfornewcomerswillberequiredinorder to aid the social develop-mentofthecity.
ANordic-welfaresociety
(5) Nordic welfare policies will be aleadingprinciple in thewell-beingofsociety,alongwiththedevelop-ment of administrative organisa-tions inan integratedspatial, tran-sport planning, technical servicesandrealestatesolutions.
Europeancity-identity
(6) HelsinkivaluestraditionandhistoryasinthetypicalEuropeancitywithits local traditions in building andculturallandscapes.
Aninternationalperspective
(7) In the planning and the develop-mentofthecity-region,Helsinkiwillcultivatethelocalstrengths,createlivelycityneigbourhoodsand,atthesametime,shapelocalandnationalvisions.
(8) Helsinkiwillcontinuetobeacom-pact city spatially. New develop-ment areas will be built dense-ly in order to create sufficient cri-ticalmass to improvepublic tran-
sport networks.Despite the relati-vely largebuildingprogramme, allofwhichwill beonbrownfield si-tes, Helsinki will remain relativelyspacious.Thiswillgivethepossibi-litytomaintaintherelationshipbet-weenpeople andnature,which isacharacteristicintheNordictradi-tion,andtofosterthevaluesofthebuiltenvironment.
ClimateChange
(9) Helsinki’sobjectiveforspatialplan-ningwillbetocreatealow-carboncity-regional urban structure, i.e.lowenergyconsumptionwillbetheaimforallcommunities.Thefutureplanningofnewdevelopmentare-asandactivitieswillaimtoencou-rage patters of development thatwillreducetheneedtotravel,par-ticularlybycar. Theaimwill be tocreate a better unified and integ-rated urban structure throughoutthecity-region.Publictransportwill
be the keypriority for new invest-ment,includingseveralnewmetrolines.Energy-efficientandecologi-cal construction and life cycle ap-proacheswillbeimprovedthroughspatialplanning.
(10) Theimpactofclimatechangeisal-readybeingintegratedasakeyfea-tureofspatialplanningandbuildingcontrol.Floodrisks,causedbytheriseinsealevelandtheincreaseintheoccurrenceof heavy rains, to-getherwiththeneedtocontrolex-cessstormwaterandgroundwaterlevelswillbetakenintoaccountinall newdevelopments, aswill thecontrolofincreasedwindpressure.
(11) InHelsinki,provisionsarebeingma-de through spatial planning to re-ceive‘climaterefugees’directedtoFinland.
TheCityneverstopschanging
(12) Helsinkiwillcontinuetoserveasthecountry’s main centre of govern-
GreaterHelsinkiRegionsIdeasCompetitionprogramme
11
mentandcontainthemost impor-tant economic, cultural and admi-nistrativeactivities.
Governance
(13) Thespatialchangefromexpandingthecitytocity-regionwillbecont-rolled throughgreater cooperationbetween theneighbouringmunici-palities anddeveloping amore in-tegrated approach to joint spatialplanningaswellasthroughexami-ningnewformsoflocalgovernance
Mitigatingagainsturbansprawl
(14) Excessiveurbansprawlwillbepre-vented through building more in-tenselywithin thecity-region’sde-velopmentcorridorsandbyacoor-dinatedapproachbyeachofthelo-calauthorities
15) Communities will be made mo-re compact andnewoneswill bebuiltinaspatiallycohesivemannerthroughouttheentireregion.
Communitydevelopment
(16) Helsinkineedstoimprovecommu-nitydevelopmenttoensurethatitsservicesmeetpeoples’needs.Theprinciple is todistributewell-beinginabalancedwaytodevelopasen-seofcommunityintheneighbour-hoods.Communitystrategiesmustberesponsivetonewneeds,asforexample, in housingpolicywherethespecialneedsofdifferentimmi-grantgroupsshouldfeature.
Infrastructure
(17) The new infrastructure for thecity-region will help form a com-pact urban structure. The aimwillbe tobuild newdevelopment are-as around thepublic transport in-terchanges,tobringjobsanddwel-lingstogetherinthesamelocationand tomake infrastructural chan-ges as cost-effective and ecologi-cally sustainable thatworkwell ineverydaylife.
City-regionasanalternativetotheCity
(18) The city and the city-region willbedevelopedasacohesivewholefromtheirdiverseregionalstartingpointsinaccordancewiththeirspe-ciallocalcharacteristics.
Radialandcircularstructure
(19)Helsinkicity-regionwilldevelopasacross-townandradialring-roadur-bantrafficstructureandwillbedo-nebyensuringitsupportsthe´fin-gershape´model.
Towardsapolycentriccity-region
(20) Publicinvestmentintransport,hou-sing, education and innovation aswellassupportforbusinesswillbeallocatedinsuchawayastobenefitthedevelopmentofthecity-regionthroughapolycentricurban struc-ture.
(21) Helsinki can improve the spatialstructureof the city-regionbyde-velopingapolycentricmetropolitanarea,insofarthatitwillbenefitthewholecity-region.
(22) The future spatial structureof thecity-region will be based uponsound planning practices, usinginternationalexperiences,financialefficiency,productivityandtheim-pactsoflocalconditionstakenintoaccount.
Thecity-region’sdevelopmentstrategycentresalongtheGulfofFinland’scoastline
(23) Thebalancingof regionaldevelop-mentalongtheGulfofFinlandco-astlinebynewdevelopment corri-dorswillrequiretheconstructionof
anewinternational railconnectionfromHelsinkitotheEast.
CityCentreVitality
(24) The implementation of newdeve-lopment areaswill expand the ci-tycentretoandforthoseareastobecomemorespecialised.Thenewcentraltunnel,extensionofpedest-rianstreetsandparkingfacilitiesaswellastheprivateandpublicbuil-dingprojectswillimprovethevitali-tyofthecity.
(25) Cooperationwith the surroundingcity-regionalmunicipalitieswillhelptoimprovetheoverallinternationalimageofHelsinkianditsmetropoli-tanarea.
InternationalCityAirport,city-harboursandtourism
(26) Helsinkiwilldeveloptourismbyst-rengtheningitspositionasFinland’scapitalaswellasimprovingitslocalspecial characteristics, such as itsimageasamaritimecity.
(27) The high-quality public transportconnectionsbetweenHelsinki-Van-taaCity-Airport and the city cent-reofHelsinkiwillbean importantfoundationforthevitalityofHelsin-kianditsregion.
(28) The passenger harbours will beimprovedanddevelopedfurther interms of strengthening the urbanenvironment.
IdeaofPolycentricStructure
12
Cross-townconnectivityatthecity-regionallevel
Thecurrentcross-townconnectionswillbeimprovedtobene-fitthecity-regionalstructureandtomeettherequirementsoffuturebusinessandlivingactivities.
Maritimeurbancity-environment
NewdevelopmentareaswillbemainlylocatedaroundthebaysofHelsinki,creatingtheopportunitytomakenewurbanshore-linesthatwillprovideanewtypeofcity-landscape.
Newinnercity
Theinner-cityistobeexpandedfromthecity-centretoRing-Road1.ThiswillmakeHelsinkimorecompactandrepresentsamoreefficientuseofland.Theurbanland-usesarethemostversatileofthecity-regionand,bymakingthemmorecompactanddense,willincreasetheversatilityofthecityanditsregion.Specialattentionwillbegiventoimprovingthepublictransportconnectionstothehigh-qualityurbanparksandrecreationar-eas.Thecharacteristicsthatcreatetheidentityoflocalneigh-bourhoodswillbepreserved.
Internationalairportofthemetropolitancity-region
ThespatialsignificanceoftheinternationalCity-Airportwillbegiventoppriorityinrespectoffuturedevelopmentofthecity-region.
East-Westcorridorofthemetropolitancity-region
Themaindevelopmentcorridorofthemetropolitancity-regionwillconnect therestof thecity-regiontogether throughthecentreofHelsinki.
DevelopmentcorridorofNationalandregionalsignificance
Theareaslocatednearthecurrentandplannedrailandmetrolinesofferexcellentopportunitiesfortheconstructionofnewmixedhousingandbusinessdevelopments.Therearealsona-tionallysignificantconnectionstothecitiesof innerFinland.Theestablishedstructureof thecity-regionwillbestrength-enedandtheconnectionstothecentralareasof theregionwillbeimproved.
InternationalEast-Westdevelopmentcorridorofthecity-region
Thedevelopmentofthepublictransportnetworkwillenablebetterconnectivitybetweenthedevelopmentproposalsonthecity-regionperipherytothecentralareasoftheCapitalregion.TheconnectionfromthewestcoastofFinlandtoSaintPeters-burgwillemphasisetheinternationalroleofthenewdevelop-mentcorridor.Thiswillrequirethedevelopmentofthecity-re-giontowardsthecoast,whichwillprovidebetterspatialbal-ancetothecity-region’sstructure.
City-region MAP: The metropolis becomes a City-region
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
¿
13
Connectivitytothecity-centre
TheStrategicPlanrecognisestheneedtoimprovethepublictransportconnectionbetweentheCapital’smaincentreandthe international airport. Thenewconnectionwill be imple-mentedtakingintoaccounttheneedsofbusinessandtourism,themovementneedswithinthecity-regionandtheincreasingimportanceoftheCity-Airportasahubfortheamountoftraf-fictoandfromtheFarEast.
Passengerharbourforthemetropolitancity-region
TheStrategicPlan aims to improve the connectionsof thecity’sharbourstotheBalticSeaandtherestofEurope.Thelocationoftheharboursinthecitycentreisconsideredfunda-mentaltotheeconomicsuccessofthecity-region.
High-techcommercialharbourofthemetropolitancity-region
Theconnectionofthenewhigh-techharbourtotheharboursoftheBalticSeaandtherestofEuropewillhavesignificanteconomicbenefitonthedevelopmentofthebusinesslifeandlogisticsofthecity-regionasawhole.
Coreareaofthenaturalforestenvironment
Themetropolitancity-regionwillbecomemorecompactthere-byfurtheringtheneedtopreservethenaturalforestareasforrecreationaluse.
ConnectiontothecitiesoftheBal-ticSea&theEU
The connections to the other cities oftheBalticSeawillbeimprovedtoenablebettercooperationwiththosecitiesandotherimportantcity-regionsoftheEU.
Newdevelopmentareas
There will be a significant number ofnewdevelopmentareas in thenear fu-ture overseen by the City of Helsinki.Thesenewareaswillaimtounifytheur-banstructureofthecity-regionandim-plementaresponsiblehousingpolicy.
SuburbanRenaissance
As the city-region grows, the locationof the suburbswill becomemore cen-tral. TheStrategicSpatial Plan aimwillbetooverseetherenaissanceofthesub-urbanareas,i.e.thecomprehensiveim-provementoftheolderneighbourhoodsbyconstructingamorecompacturbanformofhousingandprovidingbetterva-rietyofhousingonofferinorderforittomeetfuturerequirements.
Thepreventionofurbansprawl:areasoutsidethedevelopmentcorridors
Theseareasmainlyconsistof low-den-sity, urban areas, village milieus andsparsely populated areas. They also in-cludelandusedinagricultureorforest-ry,outdoorandrecreationareasandpro-tectedculturalenvironments.Theseare-asarethreatenedbytheexcessivesprawlofsparselypopulatedareasandtheun-acceptable expansionof urban sprawl.Newdevelopmentproposalsforsuchar-easwillrequirespecialevaluationinor-dertopreventnegativeclimateimpacts.
Vuosaarinewcanal&residentialarea.
Arkkitehtuuritoimisto B&M OySenateSquare–attheheartofHelsinki.Suomen Ilmakuva Oy
ë
S7
ñ
S8
15
Successful Business
A diversifi ed City-region with economic balance and clusters of specialisation.
Extendingthecity-centreandareasofspecialisedclusters
The bases for the future developmentofbusinesswillberegionalgrowthandstrengtheningHelsinki’sroleasFinland’scapital city. In addition,Helsinki’s city-centreasanall-roundareaofcommer-cialactivitiesandculturalinstitutionswillbeofprimaryimportance.Theconditionsforbusinessdevelopmentwillbecreat-edbymaximisingthelocalstrengthsofeacharea.Themain centrewill be developed,
strengthened and expanded as a re-gionalandnationalcentre.Thecitycen-trewillensurethatservicesrelatedtofi-nance, culture, leisure and tourismwillbepromoted, aswell as the capabilityoforganisinglargeinternationalevents.Thecompactstructureofthecitycentre,withitsall-roundfunctions,high-qualityurbanenvironmentandgoodaccessibil-itywill create thenecessary conditionsfor the long-termplacementofspecial-isedandinformation-intensivebusinessservicestotheCapital’scentre.ThebusypassengerharboursconnectingHelsinkitotheothercitiesoftheBalticwillcon-tinuetobringsignificanttouristflowstothecentre.Thebusinessareasnearthemaincen-
trewillhelpexpandtheroleof thecitycentreaswellasphysically.Atthesametime,businesswillbedevelopedintodif-ferentareas,eachinaccordancewithitsown special characteristics. The areaswillspecialiseinscience,art,digitalserv-ices andfinance.A compact construc-tionstyle,similartothatoftheinnercity,willspread,littlebylittle,towiderareasoutsidethecurrentinnercity.Therewillbeanewmetroconnecting
Espoo to thewest and linkingupwithHelsinki’seasternmetro.Thiswillmakeiteveneasierforpeopletomovearound
within themetropolitan area. This willstrengthen, in particular, the develop-mentandexpansionoftheeasternpartsofthemaincitycentreasworkplacear-eas.TheHelsinki-VantaaInternationalCity-
AirportisimportantforthevitalityofHel-sinki and its region and, therefore, theinteractionandpublictransportconnec-tionsbetween themaincentreand theairportwillbedeveloped,eitherbyanewdirectmetro connection, or via a new‘circle’lineconnectingtheexistingcom-muterrailservicesthroughtheairporttothecitycentre.Thebusinessactivitiesinthecitywillbecomestrongerbecauseoftheexpandingairportlogisticalhubandtheaddedadvantageofimprovedinter-national accessibility and fast connec-tionswithinFinland.Theringmotorwaysandrailwaylines
willactasa focusto improvebusinessaccessibility,particularlyatthebusyrailinterchanges,where thegrowingbusi-ness clusters of themetropolitan areaseek theirway.Eachbusinessareawillbe built around different working pro-files in accordance with local require-ments. Their commoncharacteristic ofgood accessibility from themajority oftheregion,moreflexibleoperationalre-quirementscomparedtothemaincentreandslightlyloweroperationalcostswillbe supportedspatially,bringinggreatercohesionandbettereconomicbalance.The city centre is the most signifi-
cantcentre forfinance,cultureand lei-sure andwill begiven support to con-tinue to do so. Other regional centressuch as the regional shopping centresand thenewbusinessclustersexpand-ingintotheformerindustrialandware-houseareaswillbesupportedandinte-gratedintothenewdevelopmentareas.The major rail connections will run
parallel to thecoast to improveHelsin-ki’sgeographicalpositionbothregional-lyandnationallyandtobringtheHelsinkiregionclosertoSaintPetersburg.
16
Key Policies:
Businessgrowth
(29) Aprosperous and vital regionwillresultinanincreaseinthenumberofinhabitantsandjobs.Alsotheci-tycentreoftheHelsinkiregionwillgrow.
Helsinki’sCity-centre
(30) ThecentreofHelsinkiandtheareasarounditwilloffercompetitivespa-cesforbusinessactivities.
(31) TheattractivenessofthecitycentrewillbepreservedbytakingcareofitsimageandpromotingthecentreasthekeytotheCapital’ssuccess.
Workforce
(32) Fromthepointofviewofbusinessactivitydevelopment, itwillbe im-portant that thehousing shortageshouldnotbecomeabottleneckfor
thedevelopmentoftheregion.Dif-ferent types of housing solutionsfordifferentneedswillbebuiltac-cordingtodemandandtakingintoaccountthepossibilitiestheregionwilloffer.
Citycentre
(33) Thecompactstructureoftheinnercityand itsmulti-dimensionalcoreactivitieswillcreateacomfortable,finishedandhigh-qualityurbanen-vironmentwithexcellentaccessibi-lity. The city centrewill create theconditionsforthelong-termplace-ment of specialised and informati-on-intensive business services inthearea.
(34) Thecitycentrewillcontinue tobetheleadingbusinesslocationforthecity-region, incorporating the uni-versities andother educational in-stitutes,themainartisticandcultu-
City-centreofHelsinki:MarketSquareandCityHall.Helsingin kaupungin kuvapankki/ Harald Raebiger
17
rallifeofthecity,togetherwiththebusyurbanlifestylebusinessbringstothecentre.
Connectivity
(35) Cross-traffic connections andgoodstrafficwillbekeyinvestmenttargets.
Spatialplanninginnovations
(36) Spatialplanningisamajorfactorindetermining the futureof thenewdevelopmentareas.Helsinkihasanadvanced(byEUstandards)spatialplanningsystemandalleffortswillbemadetoensurethatitcontinuesto deliver in the future, to remainsuccessful and tomanagechangeinapro-active,plan-ledmannerforthewholeofthecity-region.
(37) Helsinki will take into use newpartnership-based procedures inconstruction and serviceproducti-
onandwillmaintainitsresponsibili-tiesinitsroleaskeyprovider.
Technologicaldevelopment
(38) Technologicalinnovationswillmakethecontrolofmovementtobecomeautomatedinthefuture.Suchcont-rolmayhaveasignificantimpactonminimizingtrafficjams,whichinit-selfwillhavepositivespatialeffects– space will be used more com-pactly.
Workplaces
(39) One-dimensional residential areaswillbeavoidedbybuildingresiden-cesandbusinesspremisessidebyside,particularlyaroundpublictran-sportinterchanges.Theconstructi-onoflargeofficeareaswillberest-ricted. It is the intention to createmixedareasofresidentialandcom-mercialtoenablemorevitality.
(40) Thenew logistical corridorsof railandRingRoadIIItothenewhigh-techharbourtotheeastofHelsinki(inVuosaari)willconstitutethefra-mework of the goodsmaintenan-ceservicehubforthemetropolitanarea.
(41) Industrialbuildingsofarchitecturalandhistoricheritagesurplustore-quirementswill be preserved andused for alternativeuses, such asculturalpurposes,asandwhenmo-reof themareneeded in thegro-wingregion.
(42) Businessopportunities for growthnearandaroundthecitycentrewillbepromoted, and changesof useand greater intensity of buildingfloorspacewillbeconsideredposi-tively.
Vuosaari,nexthi-techgoodsharbour.Arkkitehtityöhuone Arto Palo Rossi Tikka Oy
18
Newinnercity
Theareawillbedevelopedasaninnercityandwillbebuiltinacompactanddenseway.Themixedmetropolitanuseswillbediverseandtheenvironmentwillbeofahighquality.
Maincity-centre
Helsinki’scitycentrewillbestrengthenedandexpandedandwillactasthemaincentreofthecity-regionandthecapitalofFinland.Indoingso,specialconsiderationwillbegiventore-servingadditionalspaceforthegrowthofbusinessactivities.Thecitycentrewillberetainedasthemainshoppingandbusi-nesscharacterandsupportthediversifiededucational,cultur-al,leisureandtourismservicesthatareofnationalandinter-nationalimportance.Theaccessibilityofthecentrewillbeen-
Business MAP: enlarging the Inner City and service clusters
suredandtheconditionsforthelong-termlocationofspecial-ised companies and knowledge-intensivebusiness services(KIBS)intheareawillbeimproved.
City-centreexpansionareaI:digitalmedia
Thespecialcharacteristicsoftheareaaspartofthemaincity-centre extensionwill be thedevelopment of digital servicesandeducationalandbusinessactivitiesfortheartisticsectors.
City-centreexpansionareaII:medicine
Thespecialcharacteristicoftheareaaspartofthemaincity-centreextensionwillbethespecialisationinmedicalresearch,teachingandbusinessactivities.
E1
E2 E3
E4
19
City-centreexpansionareaIII:financialcapital
Thespecialcharacteristicoftheareaaspartofthemaincity-centreextensionwillbethespecialisation inbankingandfi-nance.Theareawillbecomethe“WallStreet”ofHelsinki.
City-centreexpansionareaIV:science-artaxis
Thespecialcharacteristicoftheareaaspartofthemaincity-centreextensionwillbethespecialisationinteaching,researchandbusinessactivitiesrelatedtoartsandnaturalsciences.
East-Westcorridor
Anewdevelopmentcorridor,consistingofthedifferentareasaroundthemetro,willbeapriority.Itwillconnecttheeasternandwesternpartsofthecity-regiontogether.Labouravailabil-itywillincreaseandthebusinessactivitieswillaimtobecomemorediversified.
Technologyzone
Theareawillbedevelopedasatechnologicalclusterinwhichteaching, research andbusiness activitieswill support eachother.
Small-scaleindustrialpark
Asmall-scaleindustrialparkdevelopment,forwhichregionalaccessibilitybyroadandprojectflexibilitywillbethekeyem-phasis.
RingIIIzone
Zone forbusinessactivities, servicesand logisticsactivities,andinternationalcorridorforgoodstraffic,whichwillenablethelargecity-regionperipherytomaximisetheaccessibilityoftheCity-Airportandlogisticsharbourtotheiradvantage.
Businessareaaroundtheairport
Thebusinessareaaround theairportwill takeadvantageoftheproximityof the internationalairportaswellassecuringbetterconnectivitytothemostimportantbusinessclustersoftheregion.
ConnectingCity-Airportandcitycentre
Therewillbeaspecialneedtomaintainanddevelopthein-teractionbetweentheinternationalairport,thecity-centreandthepublictransportnetworkwhilstthecity-regioncontinuestogrowandtheroleoftheregionchanges.
Commercialharbour
ThenewcommercialharbourofVuosaariwillbeacentreofgoods transport and logistics activities. Its local impacts intheneighbouringareaandintheareasnearRingIIIandoth-ermainroadswillbeofgreatsignificancetothedevelopmentofthecity-region.
Tourism
Thetouristindustryhassignificantpossibilitiestogrowinthecity-centreareaandtoenhancethemaritimeimageofthecity.
AreaaroundRingII
Conditionsforthedevelopmentofbusinessactivitiesinthisareawillbeimproved,andwillbedependentupontheacces-sibilityoftheareaanditslocationwithrespecttothecentreofHelsinkiandtheinternationalairport.
Railwayzone
Therailwayzoneoutsidethenewinnercitywilldeveloplocaltrafficintourbantraffic.Thisisagoodareatobuildnewofficepremises.Thebusinessactivitieswillbediversifiedwithintherailwayzonesthathaveagrowingsignificance.
Consumer-goodscentre
Theseareasarerepresentedbyaregionalcentreorequiva-lentretailshoppingcentre.Theservicesofthesecentreswillbeprofiledindifferentdirections.Thisway,theycanspecial-iseandcomplementeachother.Additionalspacewillbere-servedforleisureactivities.
Urban Development Key areas of change
E5
E6
E7
E8
E9
E10
E11
E12
E13
E14
23
Attractive housing – Making the City liveable
Diversifi ed housing Helsinki’srolewillbetofunctionnoton-lyasthecapitalcitybutalsoasastronginternational centreworldwide. This re-quiresadifferentkindofmetropolisthatmeetsFinnishconditions.Insuchame-tropolis,theurbanidentityofthediffer-ent cityneighbourhoodswill consistoffosteringlocaltraditionsandatthesametime,supportingtheircontinuousdevel-opment. InorderforHelsinki toremaincompetitive internationally theCity hastomanagechangesuccessfullyyettakeaccountofthehistorical identityofdis-trictsundergoingchange.The metropolis will be character-
ised by a multicultural society, whichsetstherequirementsforadiverseandwide-rangeofhousingonoffer.TheCitywillcaterforahostofdifferentgroups,namely, current residents, future resi-dents,commuters,touristsandotherin-ternational actors. The attractive char-acteristics of thedifferent housing are-aswillbeanimportantfactorwhenpeo-plemakedecisionsrelatedtowheretheywant to liveand, especially,when theylook for a residential environment thatsupportstheirownidentityandlifestyle.In Helsinki, there is a new kind of
awarenessthatrepresentstheimprove-mentofthesocialspaceasspatialplan-ningtarget.Forthedevelopmentofthecityscape, ten general identities havebeenprofiledontheHousingmap.Eachdistrictisrepresentedbytheiridentifyingcolours,profilesanddevelopmentgoals.Theobjectivewillbethepositivediffer-entiationforeachindividualarea.Profil-ing inparticular,will focuson thenewdevelopmentareas.The starting points for these hous-
ing identitieswill be the attractive en-vironmental characteristics from thepointofviewofhousing.Thesearethatthey function securely,will havebeau-tiful landscapes,will be architecturallystrong, andclose to recreational areas,andhaveasocio-culturalmix.Aunique
relationshipbetween thebuilt city andthemaritimenatureofHelsinkiwill berealised.Thissignificantspecialcharac-teristichasnot yetbeen fully exploitedand that iswhy the future coastal are-astobebuiltwillbebasedaroundmar-itimethemes.In addition, more significant devel-
opment objectives will be defined forthe most important development are-as.Inthisway,thenewdistrictswillnotbe in competitionwith eachother andwill formalternativeresidentialenviron-ments, thereby contributing to awiderselectionof housing. Thedevelopmentobjectives are important, for example,whenpreparingtheurbandesignguide-linesfortheseareas.Itisalsopossibletoattractspecificinvestmenttoeachoftheareasbyofferingdifferentkindsofdevel-opmentguidelinesandmarketingoftheareas.Althoughapartmentswill be themost importanthousingsolution in thefuture, possibilitieswill alsobe createdfor dense, urban single-family housingandhousingsolutionsthatmeetspecial-needshousing.However, if the local benefits for
these new development areas are notsufficientinthemselvestoattractinvest-ment,new ideaswillbe required tobeconsidered, suchascreatinganewar-chitecturalstylewhichischaracteristicofanareainquestionandforwhichthear-eawillbeknowninthefuture.Anexam-pleofanidentitystronglybaseduponar-chitecturaldesignistheoldKatajanokkaneighbourhoodinthecentre.ItsJugendstyleblocks,whichwerebuiltatthebe-ginningofthe1900s,werenotbasedup-ontherepetitionoflocalaspects.How-ever, thearea isnowadaysbestknownforthatreason.Oneofthefuturemainchallengeswill
bethedevelopmentofregionalcoopera-tion.Fromthepointofviewoffuturede-velopment, itwill be essential that theexistingcitybordersdecreaseinimpor-tance.IntheHelsinkiregiontheaimwill
24
betosupportdevelopmentclustersthatpartiallyextendbeyondthecityborders.Theseclusters,whichwillbebaseduponscience,artandinnovation,willbesup-portedby thespatialplanningprocess.Itwillbefundamentalthathousingsolu-tionsmeettherequirementsforallstake-holdersinthenewdevelopmentareastobebuiltinthefutureinconnectionwiththeclusters.
Renaissance areasNeighbourhoodidentitywillalsobeap-pliedtotherenovationandre-generationof existingneighbourhoodsbuiltmain-ly in the 1960’ and 70’s. Larger hous-ingunitswillbebuiltinneighbourhoodswhere there are a lot of small housingunits.Thiswillensurethatpeoplewillbeabletochangetheirhousingunitand/orhousetypewithinanareaaccordingtodifferent situations in life-style and life-cycle.Theaimwillbetorenovatetheseareas inasociallysustainableway.Thesocial environment (e.g. schools) willnotchangeevenifthehousingunitwillbe changed. The aimwill be to targettheselesswell-offareaswithnewfinan-cialresources,therebymakingthemin-tostrongercommunities.Anystigmaat-tachedtothetargeted‘renaissance’ar-easwill be reduced throughupgradingthemtomeettomorrow’sstandardsandgivingtheseareasanewvitalitytomatchtheirnewidentities.Helsinki’sexistingsuburbswillrequire
toimprovetheirattractiveness.Thiswillbe done through integrating purpose-ful development combinedwithbring-inghousingandworkplaceactivityclos-ertogether.Theirpositionwithinthere-gionwillbecomemorecentralinthefu-tureandtheroleofthesuburbswillbe-come less important. Theareaswill beharnessedtoanewkindoflocaldevel-opment(renaissance)thatsupportsandstrengthens their vitality andattractive-ness.Complementarybuildingwillbeanessentialactivity.
Key Policies:
HousingQuality
(43) Investmentgrowthandthetrendto-wardssmallerhouseholdswilllikelyincreasethelivingspaceandimpro-vethelevelofhousing.Theneedforhousingconstructionwillneverendandtheaveragesizeofthehousingunitstobebuiltwillneedtobeinc-reased.
(44) Apartmentswillneedtobemoredi-versifiedinkeepingwiththevarietyof housing solutionsonoffer. Theneed forgreater choice in accom-modationwillneedtoimprovesub-stantially ifflatswillbeascompe-titiveanalternativetosingle-familyhousingandterraces.
Malminkartanoterraces
(45) Thefutureemphasisonsingle-fami-ly housingwill be to createbetterandmorecompacturbanmilieus.
(46) Thelocaldesignmilieuwillbetakenintoaccountintheplanningofnewhousingstock, thesizeofhousingunitsandhousingpolicyoverall.
(47) Thenewdevelopmentareaswillbeplannedinsuchawaythattheywill
also be suitable for families withchildren.Thiswill include the typeandsizeofhousingunitstobema-deavailableaswellasservices,theresidentialenvironmentand itssa-fety.
(48) TheCitywill takecareof itselder-lyandthoseinneedofcare.Atthesametime,theso-called“thirdage”meansanewcityuserthatwillinc-reasetheversatilityofthecity.
(49) Helsinkiwill develop its newhou-singtakingintoaccounttheneedsofstudentsandyoungpeople.
(50) Helsinki will improve the housingproductionofrentalhousingunits.
(51)Helsinkiwilldevelopnewmethodsfor the construction of affordablehousingandtheminimizingofanynegative effectsderiving from theeconomicrecession.
Services
(52) The availability of basic serviceswillbemainlyensuredbymaximi-singtheexistingservicestructures.Inthenewdevelopmentareas,theaimbeingtoensurethehighquali-tyandavailabilityofbasicserviceswill continue.Underutilisedpremi-sesthataresurplustorequirementscan be put to newuses providedthatthelevelofserviceprovisionisnotundermined.
(53)Theaimofspatialplanninginthefu-turewillbetostrengthenthecom-munityspiritofcityliving.
Leisureandculture
(54) Helsinkiwillaimtoimproveaccesstoleisureandculturalfacilitiesinre-sidentialareas.
betosupportdevelopmentclustersthatpartiallyextendbeyondthecityborders.Theseclusters,whichwillbebaseduponscience,artandinnovation,willbesup-portedby thespatialplanningprocess.Itwillbefundamentalthathousingsolu-tionsmeettherequirementsforallstake-holdersinthenewdevelopmentareastobebuiltinthefutureinconnectionwith
Neighbourhoodidentitywillalsobeap-pliedtotherenovationandre-generationof existingneighbourhoodsbuiltmain-ly in the 1960’ and 70’s. Larger hous-ingunitswillbebuiltinneighbourhoodswhere there are a lot of small housingunits.Thiswillensurethatpeoplewillbeabletochangetheirhousingunitand/or
Key Policies:
HousingQuality
also be suitable for families withchildren.Thiswill include the typeandsizeofhousingunitstobema-
25
ArchitecturalHeritageandConservation
(55) Helsinki’s own identity originatesfromthevarietyofagesandstylesinitsneighbourhoods.Eachareaisdifferentinitsownwayandcontri-buteslivelinesstotheoverallfunc-tioningofthecity.Thecityenviron-mentwill be encouraged to conti-nue to create different architectu-ralanddesigncharacteristicsforitsnewneighbourhoods,andindoingso, will assist residents to settledownandmake their roots in thecity.
NewUrbanRenaissanceProject
(56) Theprotectionofbuildingsanden-vironments will not just be attri-buted toaesthetic factorsbutalsotheiruse,astheaimwillbetoma-keculturalenvironmentsserveasli-vingproofofhistory.
(57) The architectural andhistoric buil-dingheritagewillbetakenintoac-countwhiledeveloping the city inorderthataculturallyrichandstruc-turallyhealthyenvironmentwillbemaintained.
InfillDevelopment
(58) Spatial planningwill take into ac-count new building opportunitiestomodernise theolder apartmentblockneighbourhoodsthroughapp-lyinghigherdensitiesandtomake
themmore compact in order thatthey will strengthen their vitalityandoffer greater diversification inthehousingstock.
(59)Withinthemodernisationofthesu-burbs, all vacant and surplus landwillbetakenintoactiveuse,andinparticular, for the construction ofnewhousingunits.
SocialJustice
(60) In land use development, the ae-sthetic, social, operational andtechnicalpointsofviewwillaimtocomplementoneother.
(61) Publicurbanspaceswillbeopentothegeneral public throughout thecity.
(62) Segregation,i.e.negativesocialdi-vision,isunknowninFinnishcities.Thisprinciplewillbeadheredtoinalldevelopments.
(63) TheCitywillpromotepositivedisc-riminationwherenecessaryinordertoachieve itsoverallaimsandwilldosoatitsownexpense.
(64) Toachieveahighstandardofurbandesignthroughthecontrolofdeve-lopment.Thiswillimprovethephy-sical andnatural environment andstrengthencommunities.Byinves-tingintheenvironmentwillbenefitthefuturedevelopmentofthecity-region. Itwill alsobe important toprotectculturalandhistoricvaluesinneighbourhoods.
SafetyandSecurity
(65)Theprinciplesgoverningthedevel-opmentofthecitywillbesafetyandsecurityforall.
Nature
(66) Helsinkiwillmaintain anddevelopthe city-region’s ecological corri-dors.
(67) Nuuksio and Sipoonkorpi are theclosest large outdoor and naturalareastoHelsinkiandareamongthemostimportantnatureareaswhichwillbeprotectedforthebenefitofthecity-regionasawhole.
(68) Experiencing a comfortable andbeautiful environment in the city-region’snature, parks andculturalenvironments substantially affectthequalityoflife.InHelsinki,theci-tydwellerswillbeofferedanenvi-ronment inwhich it is possible toleadaphysicallyandmentallyhealt-hylife.
DaughteroftheBaltic:Maritimedevelopment
(69) The new development areas willmainly expand the inner city to-wardsthecoastthatwillenabletheshorelinetobeopenedupmoreforeverybodytouse.Themaritimeop-portunitieswill aim tobenefit andimprove theuseof being in closeproximitytothesea.
RenaissanceareasinHelsinki
27
Kuninkaankolmio
Identity:regionalismaswellaswork,housinganddifferenttypesofhousessidebysideDevelopment:servicesbeyondmunicipalborders,develop-ment cooperationwithEspoo andVantaa, compact single-familyhousing
Vanhankaupunginlahti
Identity:universitychain,scienceandart,eastsectionofcen-tralpark,birds,reeds,rapids.Development: connecting sectors to eachother andmak-ingthelinkwholebybuildingaclearboundarywithrespecttonature
East-Westcorridor
Identity:accessibility,metro,fiftiesandsixtiesneighbourhoodhousingdevelopmentDevelopment:improvingeverydaylifecomfort,ensuringtheconditionsforfamilyhousing,emphasisingthebestaspectsofthefiftiesandsixtiesbyrenovatingtheareas
DevelopmentareaoftheoldPorvooroad
Identity:informality,smallentrepreneurship,onthewaytothecity,roadsideconstructionDevelopment:roadsidesingle-familyhousing,developmentcooperationwithVantaa
Communitiesalongthemainrailwayline
Identity: accessibility,“somethingforeverybody”Development: development of station districts and publicspaces,historyvisibleFish Harbour - futuredevelopmentarea
Metropolis
Identity:urbanistic,mediaandcultureservices,industrialhis-tory,ethnicdiversity,foodcultureDevelopment:metropolissymbolism, lofthousing,housingwithaview
Piimäki-Leppävaara
Identity: housing, studyingandworking stronglymixed to-getherDevelopment: development cooperation with Espoo andcompanies,mergingofoldandnew
SoutherncoastalareasofHelsinki
Identity:openingtotheBalticSea,railwayconnections,com-monsymbolsDevelopment: integration of harbour memories into newones,connectionstothecitiesoftheBalticSea
FishHarbour:partofthenewMetropolisidentityfortheHelsinkiCity-region.Arkkitehtitoimisto ALA Oy
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
28
InnerHelsinki
Identity:displaywindowtotheworld,shoppingstreets,em-pire,Jugendstyle,design,centralcampus,commonsymbolsDevelopment:diversehousinginthecitycentre,housingforvisitors,fosteringurbanvalues
Helsinki’sarchipelago
Identity:villagardens,boating,wintersportsactivities,natureDevelopment:maritimehousing
Renaissanceareaofthesuburbs
Thecurrenthousingofferintheareaswillbediversifiedbyin-creasingthesizeandvarietyofthehousingunits.Alsocom-pletelynewhousingoptionswillbebuiltintheareas.Thequal-ityexperiencedintheurbanspacewillbeimprovedbymeansofpurposefuldevelopmentmeasures.
Development objectives of significant construction projects:
Kuninkaankolmio,Helsinki-MalmiAirport,NorthernVuosaari
Theseareaswillbedevelopedforsingle-familyhousesthatwillbedesignedinanurbanstyle,especiallyfortheneedsoffam-ilieswithchildren.Theobjectivewillbetocreateacontinuousurban structure anddifferent public street andurban spac-es.Theidentitycanbefoundinhistoryandpastconstructionstyles.Thecityscapeshouldberelaxedandcolourful.‘Helsink-iness’willbeemphasisedinprofiling.However,soisthecen-trallocationintheregionandtheproximityofrecreationalop-portunities.
Myllypuro,Roihupelto,Kivikko,Itäkeskus
Theseareaswillbediversifiedbybuildingvariedandcomfort-ablepublicspaces,largehousingunits,owner-occupiedflatsandsingle-familyhousing.Goodaccessibilityandgreenareasaswellasthemetroandtheabundanceofsportsserviceswillbeexploitedinmarketing.
Jätkäsaari,Hernesaari
Adistinctive image iscreatedfortheareabymeansofnewconstructionstylestypicalofinnercities.Urbandesignthemescreatecontinuityandtheterracesabovetherooflineorother
structureswillformapeculiarroofscape.Thecentrallocation,thesea,theharbouranditsconnectionstothepast,suchascranes,andthenewhousingsolutions,suchastownhouses,willbeusedtobuildupontheimage.
Kruunuvuorenranta
Thisareawillbedevelopedasamaritimedistrictwhoseidenti-tywillconsistofurban,maritimeandclose-to-naturehousingaswellastheall-roundrecreationalpossibilitiesofferedtotheinhabitantsofHelsinki.Themarketingoftheareawillbebasedupondifferentapartmenthousingandsingle-familyhousingsolutionsaswellasmaritimesolutionssuchasfloatinghouseunits.ThewideviewsopeningfromthenewneighbourhoodtotheseaandthehistoricalcentreofHelsinkiaswellastheman-orcultureandthathousingwillberightnexttonaturewillbeanimportantfactorinthecreationoftheimage.
FishHarbour,Konepaja
Metropolissymbolismwillbeusedinthedevelopmentofthearea.TheidentityconsistsofindustrialandlabourhistoryandthepositiveimagefactorsoftheneighbouringareaofKallio,whichare,forexample,urbanlife,toleranceandurbanity.Theareawillbemarketedasanareaofculturalheritageinwhichfamilies,singlepersons,students,professionalsandforeign-erslive.Theimagewillbecreatedbymultiformhousingsolu-tionssuchashousingwithaview,loftsandseparatehousingenclaves.Thecoastalbuildingsreflectonthewatersurfaceandgivetheimageofalivelycity.
CentralPasila
Theidentityoftheareawillconsistofcontinuousmovementandthelocationatanintersectionoftherailwaynetworkfromwhichtherearefastconnectionstotheotherpartsofthere-gion.Theareawillbedevelopedasaresidentialplaceinwhichadynamic,mobileandglobalwayoflifecanberealised.Serv-icehousingforactiveworkerswillbedeveloped.
Viikinmäki
Theareawillbedevelopedintoahillcitycharacterisedbybigdifferences inaltitudeaswellasbedrockandrocksusedasconstructionmaterials.Theborderbetweenthebuiltandnon-builtareaswillbeclearlydefined.Differentformsofhillsidede-velopmentwillberecommended.
CentralPasila–anewCentralBusinessDistrictofthefuture.Cino Zucchi
Architetti-toimisto
A9
A10
A11
31
fortresshaveadapted,despitetheirreg-ularity,tothepredominantgroundstruc-tureand,bydoingso,theyhaveempha-sisedit.The intensive cityscapeplaces itself
in the environment and local structureinsuchawaythatthebuiltenvironmentandthefreespaceformcreateacontin-uous landscape.A cityscape full of in-tense experiences should be compactanddense.Thevitalityofthecityscapesisstrengthenedbydeveloping thebuiltandnon-built urban space andexploit-ingthevaluablecharacteristicsoftheen-vironment.A cityscapeprofile provides a point
ofviewonhow thegreenareasof thecityareconsideredaselementsintegrat-edintotheurbanstructure.Consideringthelandscapeasasculpturalspacedif-fersfromthecurrentdominantpracticesofurbanplanning.In Finland, peoplehavegot used to
understanding that the cityscape con-
Dynamic Change in the Urban Landscape
A Lively CityscapeThecreationofahighqualityurbanenvi-ronmenttogetherwiththeprotectionoftheexistingcitylandscapeisoneofthekeychallengesofmetropolitangrowth.Urban planning traditions ensure thatthecityshouldbeeasilyunderstoodandcomprisedofclearlyidentifiableplaces.InFinland,constructionofcitieshas
traditionally been supported by natureand landscape.Fringeareashavebeenavoided and themost favourable envi-ronmentalareashavebeenintegratedin-tothecitystructure.Citieshavecreatedtheirownlandscapes,employingthein-tersectionsbetweenwater, terrain andnaturalpaths.Theearliestcentresofthemetropolitanarea,fromacitylandscapepointofview,areat the intersectionofroads and waterways. The small-scalelandscapetypicaloftheregionalsoinflu-encestheformofthebuiltenvironment.Forexample, thegridplanof the innercityandthefortificationsofSuomenlinna
Eco-Viikki:anewecologicalcitylandscapeinHelsinki
32
sistsofbuildingsthathavebeenbuiltasa compact cluster and are surroundedbyunprocessednature. Thegreen are-asof the city and the cultural environ-mentsare,however,muchmorediverseenvironments for recreationalactivities,sportsandurbancultureandofferhid-denpossibilitiestoproduceagenuineur-banspaceinHelsinki.The natural areas protected by law
createstrictboundaryconditionsforur-banplanning.Thelandscapevaluesareat leastas important in theurbanenvi-ronment.However,theycannotbepro-tectedwithequivalentmeans.Theland-scapecontinuouslychangesinabuilten-vironment.Inthisway,thecityscapesex-tendbeyondtheadministrativebordersand areused to emphasise the specialcharacteristicsofthecity-regionandtheneed todevelopareasasawhole.Thecharacteristics and possibilities uponwhichfuturedevelopmentcanbebasedareidentifiedinareaprofiling.Inthelandscapearoundthebays,the
builtenvironmentborderingopenspaceformsastrongcontrastwiththenaturalenvironments.Thelandscapescaneasilybevisualisedandareextremelyrichen-vironmentsfromadevelopmentandcul-
tural-historicalpointofview.Thebay inletsareavaluablespecial
characteristicofHelsinki’scityscapeandavisualreliefintheincreasinglycompacturbanstructure.Intermsofnewdevel-opment areas, each landscapewill bedeveloped in adifferentway. The rela-tionshipofthebuiltenvironment,natureandtrafficwithlandscapewillbediffer-ent in eachmaritimeenvironment andthedifferent relationships complementeachother.In thesuburbs, it ismoredifficult to
perceivethecity-landscapebecausethevisualenvironmentconsistsofelementsof different scale, shape and lines andthelandscapestructureofferslessofanurban cityscape. Landscape planningcanbeused to create andbuild easilyidentifiableplacesandconnectionsand,on theother hand, canhighlightmoreclearly the elements of the landscapewithinthecityscape.Large cultural and natural environ-
mentsarelocatedinthecity-regionandtheaimoftheirdevelopmentistomakethemusablebythecitydwellersfordi-verseoutdoorandrecreationalactivitiesandto foster themultiformusesofna-tureandcultural-historicalheritage.
HelsinkiGreenStructure:38%oftotallandarea
Improving the quality of the green networkThegreenareasinsideRingIwillbewell-caredforandaprioritywillbegiventomaintaining thehigh-quality parks. Thespecialnaturereserveswillbepreserved.This city area includeshistorical urbanparksaswellasmodernparksof inter-nationalquality,beachpromenadesandotherpublicoutdoorspaces.In the immediatevicinityof thecity,
there is anareaof recreational islands.The level of care and service of the is-landsandtheirferryconnectionswillbeimproved.Helsinkiwillobtainclosedmil-itary islands thatwill bedeveloped forrecreationaluserespectingculturalhis-tory.Theconditionsforboating,summeractivities,hikingandtourismwillbeim-proved.In themetropolitanarea, themajori-
tyoftheresidentialareasareinthesub-urbs.Intheseareas,thelevelofcareandusageof thegreen areaswill improve.Thepossibilitiestocarryoutsportsandoutdooractivitiesaremanyanddiverse.The mutual relationship between thebuilt environment and thegreen areaswillbecomeclearerandtheurbanland-scapewilllooksharper.
33
Key Policies:CityLandscape
(70) The continuous cityscapes extendbeyondtheadministrativeborders.Thespecialcharacteristicsoftheci-tyscapes will be emphasised andthe areas will be developed as awhole. The characteristics, valuesandpossibilitiesuponwhichdeve-lopmentwillbebasedwillbeiden-tifiedinareaprofiling.
Greennetworks
(71) Accessibility to thegreencitynet-workand recreationalareasof thecity-regionwillbeguaranteed.The-rewillbesufficientrecreationareasforallresidents.Thepreservationofnaturaldiversityandlandscapecul-turewillbeakeyfeatureofthePlan.
(72) As the urban structure becomesmore compact, greater empha-sis than before will be placed onthequalityofpublicoutdoorareas.Greenareaswillbeusedinamoreeffectivewayandprovideacleareroutlinetotheurbanstructure.
AreasofChange
(73) Changingareasintohousingwillberecommendedwhenit isfinancial-ly sensible for thecommunityandwhenthepoliticalpointsofviewre-latedtobothhousingandbusinesssupport the direction of develop-ment.
TrafficandTransport
(74) Accesstogreennetworksandrec-reational areas will take into ac-countthechoicebetweendifferentmodesoftransport,but inparticu-lar,preferencewillbegiventowal-king and cycling and public tran-sport. Indoing so, thediversityofanareawillberespected.
(75) The importanceofbicycleandpe-destriantrafficasaformofgettingaround the green areas will gainprecedence over other forms oftraffic.(76) An efficient publictransportsystem,especiallyrailtraf-fic,willcontinuetobeemphasisedinthechoicesoftransportationsys-tem in the future. Thenewmixedareas for housing andworkplaceswillbeaddressedaccordingly,withtheaimbeingtodirecttrafficawayfromthestrategiccentralareas.
34
Inner-city
Thesilhouetteofthehistoricalcentreisastronglyidentifyingfactor in the landscapeof the innercity.Thenewsea frontswillchangethelandscapethatwelcomesthosewhoarrivebyseabyextendingthelandscapeoftheinnercitytotheformerharbourareas.
Outeredgeoftheinnercity
Thecityscapeconsistsof,firstly,formerindustrial,logisticsandofficeareasand,secondly,garden-likevilladistricts.Theout-eredgeoftheinnercityisbecomingliketheinnercityandthecityscapeisbecomingmoreharmonious.
MAP: Lively cityscape
Suburbs
The cityscape consists of the sparse housing developmentprojectsofthe1950s,1960sand1970sandtrafficrouteland-scapesthatstronglydifferentiatethemfromoneanother.
Single-familyhousingareas
Theseareascontainvaluablevillasandsingle-familyhousing.Closenesstonature,originalityandpeacefulnessarethemostqualitative factors.Thestratificationof thebuiltenvironmentand itsplacement respecting theshapesof thegroundgiveformtothebuiltenvironmentandprovidetheprinciplesforin-filldevelopment.
V1
V2
V3
V4
35
phasisedinthecityscapebyhandlingtheriverscapeandthebordersoftheblocksaswellasbyplanningparksandimprov-ingconnections.
RoadtoVihti
Thedevelopment targetwillbea representativeofanurbanworkscapeinwhichefficientconstructioniscloselyrestrictedbytrafficroutesandthetransversalgreencorridorsflowwiththeirconnectionsacrosstheroute.
Malmi
Theareawillbebuiltaslargelandscapespacesaroundhigh-qualitygreenareas.
Itäväylämotorway
TheItäväylämotorwayoffersthepossibilitytoexploittheaes-theticsoftransportinthecityscapeby,forexample,increasingthevisibilityofthemetroanddelimitingthemotorwaywithintheurbanstructureinastricterway.Thestrengthsoftheareawillbethehigh-qualityresidentialenvironmentsandthecon-nectionstorecreationareas.
Viikki-Sipoonkorpi
ThegreenareastothesouthandnorthofRingIwillbedevel-opedasparksthatstrengthentheregionalidentityoftheiren-vironment.Theconnectionsbetweentheparkswillberegion-alrecreationallinks.
Builtseafront
Whenarrivingfromthesea,thebuildings,theshapesofthegroundandthesilhouetteofthetreeswillemphasisetheformofthecity.Anintegratedcityscapewillprovideurbanspacesinwhich
therelationshipbetweenthebuiltenvironmentandtheland-scapeandgroundstructurewillbebetterdefined.Theobjec-tiveofcityscapedevelopmentwillbetostrengthenthevital-ityofthelandscapeandthebuiltandnon-builturbanspacesandtoexploitthevaluablecharacteristicsoftheenvironment.
FishHarbour–anewdevelopmentwithanstrongurbanenvironment&easy
accesstogreenareas.Arkkitehtitoimisto Davidsson Oy
Recreationalislands
Adeveloping zone increases recreationaluseandmeansofcommunication,notforgettingtheimportantecologicalcorri-dorparalleltothecoast.Thelandscapeoftherecreationalis-landswillbemarkedbythenationalparktraditionofHelsin-ki,militaryhistoryandthelandscapecreatedbyboatingandoutdooractivities.
Outerarchipelago
Theouterarchipelagoisafragilecoreareaofmarinenature,whichwillberespected.
Broadnaturallandscape
TheNuuksioNationalParkandSipoonkorpiarecoreareasofforestnature.TheVantaaRivercreatestheconnectionstotheculturalenvironment.Largeandcontinuousoutdoorandrecre-ationareaswillbeeasilyaccessiblethroughradialpublictrans-portandalongthegreencorridors.
Baycity-landscape
Helsinki isgrowingandthecity isbuiltontheshoresoftheGulfofFinland.Theobjectivewillbetocreateanewcityscapeformedbybuildingsandbaysinwhichtheopenspaceismain-lydelimitedbytheclearbordercreatedbythebuildings.Rec-reationalactivitiesareanessentialandvisiblepartoftheland-scape.
Centralpark
Theaimoftheparkwillbetoconnectthedifferentsectorsandmergetheminto thebuiltenvironment. Intenseexperiencesandatidyandgroomedpark-likelookofthefringeareasarealsoobjectives.Thefunctionalareasoftheparkwillbedevel-opedaspartofthedistrictsthatborderit.
Töölönlahtibayfuturedevelopment,bringingtheenvironmentintotheheartofthe
city. Arkkitehtityöhuone Arto Palo Rossi Tikka Oy
VantaaRivervalley
Thefunctionalityandrecreationalvalueoftheareawillbeim-proved.Theobjectivewillbetodirectthefocusofthedistrictsthatbordertherivertowardstherivervalley.Thesignificanceoftheriverandcultural-historicallyvaluablesiteswillbeem-
V5
V6
V7
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
37
Strategic Spatial Plan Implementation
AlldistrictsandneighbourhoodsinHel-sinki will be developed in a purpose-ful way. The citywill always be goingthroughchange.Itcanneverbesaidthatthe city is ´ready´. The construction ofnewsignificantdevelopment areaswillnotmeanthattheotherdistrictswillbeforgotten.Equalprecedencewillbegiv-enthroughoutthecitytoprovideaspa-tialbalance.The needs and requirements of the
city dwellers change in the course oftime. Thehousing standards accordingtotheidealsofthepastdecadesnolong-ermeetfuturerequirements.Ontheoth-er hand, regionalisationof the citywillchange the mutual relationships be-tweenHelsinkiandtheothercity-region-almunicipalities.Itisnolongersufficienttoplan‘thecity’,buttolooktowardsthespatialplanningofthecity-region.Inrespectof thesocio-economicre-
lationshipsofthecity-region,Helsinki,intermsofhousingand jobopportunitiesrepresentsthebestkindavailableinFin-land.Single-familyhousingareasofHel-sinkiarebeingrenewedandtheirstatusishigh.Iftheresourcesofthecityaredi-rectedtonewhigh-qualitydistrictsalong
thecity’sshoreline,thequestionishowthesuburbsbuiltafterthewarwillbede-velopedinthefuture.ThisnewStrategicSpatialPlanoffers
theplatform for amore spatially cohe-sive city-regional development and theimproved coordinationof developmentprogrammes.TheStrategicSpatialPlanobjectives
andpoliciesaimtoprovidehighqualityplanningenvironmentforthefuturecity-region.Theaimistocarryouttheseob-jectivesinpractice.Theremaybesomediscrepancies between the objectives;nevertheless,thenecessarycoordinationwillbecarriedoutinthedetaileddevel-opmentprogrammesandplans.Social, economicandenvironmental
relationshipscome together in a setofmapsThecity-regionStrategicSpatialPlan
representsthecombinationofthethree‘functional’mapsbroughttogetherintoasingleplan.Theplanspecifiesthestrate-gicallyimportantkeyissuesaffectingthefuturedevelopmentofHelsinki.Thekeyissuesinrespectoftheimple-
mentationof theStrategicSpatial Planwillbeasfollows:
Social,economicandenvironmentalrelationshipscometogetherinasetofmaps
Strategic Spatial Plan Implementation
38
•. Helsinkimayhaveitsownobjectivesaswellassharingcommonobjectiveswith the othermunicipalities of themetropolitan city-region. For exam-ple,thetrafficandtransportprojectswill be important from the point ofviewof the vitality and competitive-nessofHelsinkiandthemetropolitancity-region.TheStrategicSpatialPlanwillofferthepossibilitytodiscussthelikely impacts and consequencesoftheproposals.
•. The ongoing cooperation betweenfourteenmunicipalitieswithintheAd-visory Board of the Helsinki region(LUHTcooperation)willtakeintoac-countthepoliciesoftheSpatialPlan.
•. Thepoliciesof thePlanpertain to awider area than theLUHTcoopera-tion; in this respect, theSpatialPlanwillgivethepossibilitytodiscusstherequirementsforthedevelopmentofthewidermetropolitancity-region.
•. ThecooperationintheareaoftheHel-sinkiMetropolitanAreaCouncilwillcontinue tobecarriedoutusinges-tablishedmethods. TheSpatial Plangivesthepossibilitytoassesswheth-erornotthecooperationneedstobeexpanded.
•. InEspooandVantaa,thereareplansfortheareasneartheborderwithHel-sinki.Theimpactsofthoseplansex-tendtobothneighbouringmunicipali-tiesandhavebeentakenintoaccountinthePlan.
•. The Strategic Spatial Plan providesthe bases for the economic devel-opmentstrategyrelatedtocityplansandrealestatepropertypolicyasanintegrated plan-led spatial planningprocess.Additionally,itservesaswellasforthedevelopment,implementa-tionandmarketingoftheimplemen-tationproposalsofthePlan.
•. Housing production and the imple-mentation proposals of the SpatialPlan aim to complement the LUHprogramme.Indeed,someofthekeystarting points of the Housing andspatialstrategyhavebeendevelopedfromthisStrategicSpatialPlan.
•. The construction of the new devel-opmentareas,thepreparationoftheCitymaster plan, localmaster plansanddetailedplans, the complemen-tarybuildingactivitiesandtheimple-mentationof theother plans of theCity often require city-regional coor-dination to take account of various
interests. Local expertise and dis-cussionswith thedifferent planningagencies will be needed. The Spa-tialPlanprovidesthebasisforcity-re-gionalprogrammesandforthedefini-tionofmetropolitanobjectivesaswellasoftheagreementsrelatedtothem.
•. Thedevelopmentof thecityaimstoinvolve private, public partnershipprojects. The Spatial Plan providesthe grounds for such developmentprojectsaswellasprovidingthean-alytical frameworkand´platform´fortheirfurtherdevelopment.
The overall objective of the StrategicSpatialPlanwillbe tocomplement theMasterPlan2002currentlyinforce.Theaimwillbe toworkwithbothplanningtoolsinshowingthefuturedevelopmentguidelines for the city-region. Further-more,theStrategicSpatialPlanwillpro-vide further debate in connectionwiththeMaster plan,which is a legally ap-provedstatutoryplanbytheCityCoun-cil,as towhetherornot it isstillup todatewithrespecttolandusecontrolorneedstobemodifiedinthenearfuture.
39
ORGANISATION: From City to City-Region City of Helsinki Strategic Spatial Plan
Background Report: 'Four Books' and Future Scenarios
1.InternationalHelsinki
SatuTarula(coordinator)MarkettaKännöMariaLindblomTeroSantaojaMariSiivolaIlmariTawaststjerna
2.CityLiving:theconditionsforaqualitylife
RikhardManninen(coordinator)KaarinaLaaksoEskoLauronenJanOlinMariSiivolaMariaLindblomTeroSantaojaSirkkaSädevirtaSeijaNarviJukkaTarkkala
3.HelsinkiastheheartoftheCity-region
AimoHuhdanmäki(coordinator)DouglasGordonTeemuHolopainenKatiImmonenJouniKilpinenMarkettaKännöMattiNeuvonenPeikSalonenIlmariTawaststjernaElinaTuominen
4.RegionalDimension
JouniKilpinen(coordinator)AimoHuhdanmäkiSatuTarulaRikhardManninenRistoJoensuuTeemuHolopainen
FutureScenarios
DouglasGordon(coordinator)JaakkoKaaralaEskoLauronenMikkoMarttilaMattiNeuvonen
JanOlinPeikSalonenSirkkaSädevirtaElinaTuominen
WorkgroupCoordination
PerttiKareEijaKivilaaksoMarkkuLahtiTimoVuolanto
CityPlanningCommitteeSeminar31.8–1.9.2006
The City Planning Committee held aseminarintheAutumnof2006tocon-siderthekeyissuesfortheforthcomingSpatial Plan, the results ofwhichhavebeenpublishedintheStrategicPlanningDivision'sreport2007:1(inFinnishonly).
Strategic Spatial Plan: draft, statements and final proposal
StrategicSpatialPlandraft
TimoVuolanto(coordinator)DouglasGordonTeemuHolopainenAimoHuhdanmäkiJouniKilpinenRikhardManninenKaisaRodriquezAlpoTani
Statementsfrompublicandprivateauthorities,thirdparties;Summary&Replies
TimoVuolanto(coordinator)DouglasGordonTeemuHolopainenAimoHuhdanmäkiSallaKaaronenSirpaKoluRikhardManninenKaisaRodriquezAnneSaastamoinenTeroSantaojaAnna-MaijaSohnAlpoTaniElinaTuominen
40
CoordinationGroupforFinalProposaltotheCityPlanningCommittee
TimoVuolanto(coordinator)DouglasGordonTeemuHolopainenAimoHuhdanmäkiRikhardManninenKaisaRodriquezAlpoTani
CityPlanningCommittee
TheCityofHelsinki'sCityPlanningCom-mittee approved theFinnish versionoftheStrategicSpatialPlanonthe7thFeb-ruary,2008.
Publications
From City to City-Region backgroundwork,reasonsandanalysis:HelsinkiCityPlanningDepartmentStrategicPlanningDivisionreport2007:1(inFinnishonly)
From City to City-Region draft report:HelsinkiCityPlanningDepartmentStra-tegicPlanningDivision2007:2 (inFinn-ishonly)
FromCitytoCity-Region:TheCityofHel-sinkiStrategicSpatialPlan.HelsinkiCityPlanningDepartment,StrategicPlanningDivisionreport2008:4
41
Documentation PageAuthors.English.Edition:DouglasGordon,RikhardManninenandOlaviVeltheim (see’Organisation’pagesfororiginalFinnishteammembers)
Title. .FromCitytoCity-region:CityofHelsinkiStrategicSpatialPlan
Series.Title. .HelsinkiCityPlanningDepartmentpublications
Series.number. 2009:8. Date.............September2009
Pages. .41 ......ISBN 978-952-223-495-7(paperback) 978-952-223-496-4(PDF)
Language.. .........ENG ISSN 0787-9024
AbstractTheCityofHelsinki’sStrategicSpatialPlanisaspatialdevelopmentstrategyforthecity-regionandconsistsofasetofdevelopmentpoliciesandspatialplanningframe-work.Itwasapprovedin2008.
ItispreparedonceperCouncilterm,i.e.onceeveryfouryears.Thespatialplananaly-sesthefutureofthecity-regionanditsdevelopmentneedsandpresentsa Vision ofthecity-region’sfutureprinciplesofspatialdevelopmentoverthenextthreedecades.
ThenewStrategicSpatialPlanguidestheimplementationoftheMasterPlan2002.TheCitydevelopmentplan,orMasterPlan,wasapprovedin2003.TheCityCouncilapprovesthemasterplanasthebasisforhowtheCitywillmanageitsdevelopmentinthefutureandwherenewinvestmentwillbelocated.
TheStrategicSpatialPlanandtheMasterplanformapartoftheoverallCity’sdeve-lopmentstrategy.Thestrategicelementactsasabroadguideandspatialframeworkforthemasterplan,whichisamoredetailedland-usespecificplan.
‘FromCity toCity-region’ containspolicy statementswhich create thebasis forHelsinki’snewspatialvision.ForthefirsttimeinHelsinki’shistory,theguidingprin-ciplesforfuturedevelopmentgobeyondthecityboundariesandtakeaccountoftheregionasawhole.Theplansetsouttheeconomic,socialandenvironmentalrela-tionshipsandtheirimpactphysicallyuponmetropolitandevelopmentforthenext30years.Theintegratedrelationshipsaresetoutinaseriesofpoliciesgroupedaroundkey issuesof business activities, housing, city-landscape and regional structure.Theseformthestrategicspatialframeworktoguidefuturedevelopment.
TheSpatialvisionconsistsofkey themeswhicharedeveloped intoasetofspa-tialstrategies.Thespatialstrategiesthenformaseriesofpoliciesundereachmainheadingofthekeythemes,whichinturnformthephysicaldemandsofcity-regio-nalgrowth.Thesearedefinedbyaseriesofmapsrepresentingthemainstrategicprinciplesofdevelopment.Themainmap–themetropolitancity-region–isanin-tegrationofthemostimportantelementsofthespatialstrategies.ThismapformsthebasisoftheprinciplestobeappliedinthedevelopmentoftheHelsinkiMetropo-litanAreaandcontainstheKeystrategicissuesastohowtheCitymanageschan-geinthefuture.
Keywords:..HELSINKI,STRATEGICSPATIALPLAN,MASTERPLAN,CITY-REGION,BUSINESS,HOUSING,LANDSCAPE
42
Helsinki.City.Planning.Department.publications.2009:8
Published.2009:
2009:1. Kaupunkisuunnitteluviraston.. .. toimintasuunnitelma.2009–2011,... Toiminnan.perusta.ja.keskeiset.. .. tehtävät2009:2. Helsinki.Zoo.Ideas.Competition.–... Evaluation.Report2009:3. Siltamäen.kontaktikaupunki2009:4. Jätkäsaari.–.Asemakaavan.ja.. .. asemakaavan.muutoksen.selostus2009:5. Lähiöprojektin.toimintakertomus.2008... –.Lähiöistä.kaupunginosiksi,.joissa... tapahtuu!2009:6. Kuninkaantammi.–.Osayleiskaavan... selostus2009:7. Liikenteen.sujuvuus.Helsingissä
ISSN.0787-9024ISBN.978-952-223-495-7.(paperback)ISBN.978-952-223-496-4.(PDF)
Helsinki.City.Planning.Department.publications.2009:8
Published.2009:
2009:1. Kaupunkisuunnitteluviraston.. .. toimintasuunnitelma.2009..–2011,... Toiminnan.perusta.ja.keskeiset.. .. tehtävät2009:2. Helsinki.Zoo.Ideas.Competition.–... Evaluation.Report2009:3. Siltamäen.kontaktikaupunki2009:4. Jätkäsaari.–.Asemakaavan.ja.. .. asemakaavan.muutoksen.selostus2009:5. Lähiöprojektin.toimintakertomus.2008... –.Lähiöistä.kaupunginosiksi,.joissa... tapahtuu!2009:6. Kuninkaantammi.–.Osayleiskaavan... selostus2009:7. Liikenteen.sujuvuus.Helsingissä
ISSN.0787-9024ISBN.978-952-223-495-7.(paperback)ISBN.978-952-223-496-4.(PDF)
top related