františka tomoriavá - depersonalization of moral agent in online environment - bobcatsss 2017
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Depersonalization of moral agent in online environment
Františka Tomoriová Comenius University in Bratislava
frantiska.tomoriova@gmail.com
Introduction
• Massive expansion of using ICTs
– also ethical issues
• New fields emerged:
– computer ethics, information ethics
• Modern IE responds to new problems in online environment
Information ethics...
• Application of ethical theory to information (Buchanan and Henderson, 2009)
• Ethical aspects of information lifecycle
• Problem-oriented field focused on information behaviour of moral agent in communication (Capurro 2014)
Moral Agent
• Boundaries between human and non-human are blurring (Capurro 2015)
• Moral action causing moral good or moral evil
• Connection to responsibility
• User on the Internet is a human moral agent responsible for his actions
• Moral agent is responsible for his actions in online environment
• But he acts differently in online environment than in offline environment (anonymity)
• Differences in user's behaviour in online and offline environment refer to...
Depersonalization of MA
• „They might be an outrageous flirt online, while being painfully shy offline“ (Joinson 2007)
• Intelectual challenges, games, role-play
• Virtual environment – dream-like or fictional
• Separating online actions from identity
• „Whatever they say or do can't be directly linked to the rest of their lives“ (Suler 2004)
• „... Something about the distance still undermines our sense of direct presence“ (Dreyfus 2009)
• Wallace (2008) in the context of anonymity
– Deindividuation: anonymous existence of individual as a member of mass
Online environment:
• Non-materiality
• Virtual communication
• Anonymity – lack of the feeling of social control
• Construction of online identity
• Flaming, trolling, cyberstalking, cyberbullying, spamming...
RESPONSIBILITY
To conclude
• In the context of information ethics
• Understanding of human information behavior
• Digital civility and information literacy
References
• Buchanan, Elizabeth A., Henderson, Kathrine A. (2009). Case Studies in Library and Information Science Ethics. United States of America: McFarland and Company, Inc., Publishers.
• Capurro, Rafael. (2014). Towards an Ontological Foundation of Information Ethics. (2016, December 10). Retrieved from http://www.capurro.de/oxford.html
• Capurro, Rafael. (2015). Toward a Comparative Theory of Agents. (2016, December 10). Retrieved from http://www.capurro.de/agents.html
• Joinson, A. (2007). Disinhibition and the Internet (J. Gackenbach, Ed.). USA: Elsevier Inc.
• Suler, J. (2004). The Online Disinhibition Effect. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 7(3), p. 321-325.
• Dreyfus, Hubert L. (2009). On the Internet: Thinking in Action. United Kingdom, London: Taylor & Francis Ltd.
• Wallace, K. (2008). Online Anonymity (H. T. Tavani, Ed.). United States of America: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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