fort sumter to appomattox court house battles of the civil war

FORT SUMTER TO

APPOMATTOX COURT HOUSE

Battles of the Civil War

Fort Sumter

April 12th-14th 1861Charleston, SCCommanders:

Robert Anderson P.G.T. Beauregard

Confederate VictoryCharleston Federal FortNo casualties gave false hope for a quick war

1st Manassas

July 21st, 1861Commanders:

Irvin McDowell Joseph E. Johnston, P.G.T. Beauregard

Manassas, VirginiaConfederate VictoryLandmarks – Major Railroad, Bull Run RiverWhere “Stonewall” Jackson got his name

2nd Manassas

August 28th-30th, 1862Commanders:

John Pope Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson

Manassas, VirginiaConfederate VictoryLandmarks – Major Railroad, Bull Run River,

Henry Hill

Shiloh

April 6th-7th, 1862Shiloh, TennesseeCommanders

Ulysses S. Grant, Don Carlos Buell Albert Johnston P.G.T. Beauregard

Union VictoryTennessee River, Hornet’s NestThe North wins battle but loses more men,

Johnston killedBloodiest battle yet – more men die than in all

previous US wars combined (24,000)

Antietam

September 16th-18th 1862Sharpsburg, MarylandCommanders:

George B. McClellan, Burnside Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson

Cornfield, Burnside’s Bridge, Sunken RoadInconclusive – Single Bloodiest Day of

battle**

Fredericksburg

December 11th - 15th, 1862Fredericksburg, VACommanders:

Ambrose E. Burnside Robert E. Lee

Confederate VictoryLandmark – Rappahannock River, Marye’s

HeightsDecisive battle, Burnside fired

Chancellorsville

April 30th – May 6th, 1863Chancellorsville, VACommanders:

Joseph Hooker Robert E. Lee

Confederate Victory – MAJOR Union lossRappahannock River, the WildernessJackson mortally wounded, Hooker fired

Gettysburg

July 1st-3rd, 1863Gettysburg, PACommanders:

George C. Meade Robert E. Lee

Union victoryLittle Round Top, Devil’s Den, rocky terrainOver 165,620 troops engaged in this battle –

50,000 casualties

Chickamaugua

September 18th-20th, 1863Chickamaugua, GACommanders:

William S. Rosecrans Braxton Bragg, James Longstreet

Confederate victoryWest Chickamaugua Creek (means river of

death)Rosecrans fired, Thomas put in charge35,000 casualties

Chattanooga

November 23rd-25th, 1863Chattanooga, TNCommanders

Ulysses S. Grant Braxton Bragg

Union victoryOrchard Knob, Lookout Mountain, Missionary

Ridge“Gateway to the lower South” – Led to

Sherman’s March

Siege at Petersburg

June 9th 1864 – March 25th, 1865Richmond to Petersburg, VACommanders:

Ulysses S. Grant, George Meade P.G.T Beauregard, Robert E. Lee

Union victoryRailroads, trenches, craterTrench warfare, crucial supply center,

featured the largest concentration of colored troops

Sherman’s March to Sea

November 15th – December 21st 1864

Atlanta to Savannah, GACommanders

William Tecumseh Sherman Joseph Wheeler

Union victoryMarched Southeast along

Savannah River to seaDevastating to the Confederacy

and to Georgia, “total warfare”

Appomattox Court House

April 9th, 1865Appomattox, VACommanders:

Ulysses S. Grant Robert E. Lee

Union VictoryLenient terms, Confederates allowed to return

home and began long and difficult road to reunification