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Presentation - Client Fire Safety Assessment - 15 March 2014
Group 3.3
Pawel Krupa Joakim Sandström Oskar Lind Ross Johnston
CONTENTS
Brief
• Assessment Methodology
-People Movement
-Smoke Management
-Structural Response
• Design Recommendations
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
Scenario Brief
• Fire heating structure
from underneath balcony.from underneath balcony.
• Mechanical ventilation
•100% of structural load
•Fire type – ISO 834 •Fire type – ISO 834
• 5 Levels above ground
floor. 200 people occupying
each level
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
HOLISTIC DESIGN APPROACH
Smoke
People
Structural
Response
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
ADVANCED CALCULATION – PEOPLE MOVE
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
ADVANCED CALCULATION – PEOPLE MOVE
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
ADVANCED CALCULATION – PEOPLE MOVE
Evacuation Time (minutes : seconds)
– based on 200 people per floor. Escape rate 60p/min. Also – based on 200 people per floor. Escape rate 60p/min. Also
considered no escape rate, not as onerous.
Level 5: 3:57
Level 4: 4:16
Level 3: 4:46
Level 2: 4:57
Level 1: 5:21Level 1: 5:21
Ground Floor: 7:03
Bottle neck at ground floor, need additional exits
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
ADVANCED CALCULATION - FDS
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
RSET - ASET
18
21
7
11
14
18
He
igh
t [m
]
Evacuation height
Smoke filling height
0
4
7
0 5 10 15Time [min]
Smoke filling height
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
ADVANCED CALCULATION – LS DYNA
500
600
700
800
900
1 000
Te
mp
era
ture
[°C
]
Time-temperature curves
concrete
web2
web1
0
100
200
300
400
500
0.00 600.00 1 200.00 1 800.00 2 400.00 3 000.00 3 600.00
Te
mp
era
ture
[
Time [s]
bottom flange edges
bottom flange center
top flange edges
top flange center
ISO fire curve
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
Ve
rtic
al
dis
pla
cem
en
t (z
-
dis
pla
cem
en
t) [
m]
-0.02
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Ve
rtic
al
dis
pla
cem
en
t (z
dis
pla
cem
en
t) [
m]
Time [s]
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
COMPARISON
Advanced model comprised part of overall continuous structure. For
accurate design, required application of additional loading.accurate design, required application of additional loading.
Simplified design approach allowed for check. With advanced
analysis, important to sum up forces within model, and compare
with applied permanent + variable.
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
1. Ensure appropriate cover to concrete and thickness of steel flange.
Small increase in section design leads to reduced need for applied
Design Recommendations:
Small increase in section design leads to reduced need for applied
fire protection. Also need to ensure protection of fire fighters inside
building.
2. Introduce additional exits at rear of each level and at ground floor to
prevent ‘bottleneck’ on ground floor.
3. Move mechanical ventilation away from balcony, forcing smoke flow
diagonally away from where persons will be descending staircasesdiagonally away from where persons will be descending staircases
4. Provide reservoir glazing under balcony parapet at stairs.
5. Include sufficient illuminated escape signage with emergency lighting
to guide persons to safety during escape.
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
Brief Methodology People Smoke Structure Recommendation
Thank you, Questions?
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