figure 31.0x decomposers. figure 31.1 fungal mycelia

Figure 31.0x Decomposers

Figure 31.1 Fungal mycelia

Figure 31.2 Examples of fungal hyphae

Figure 31.2x Septate hyphae (left) and nonseptate hyphae (right)

Figure 31.3 Generalized life cycle of fungi (Layer 3)

Ancestral eukaryote

(Opisthokonta)(Archaeplastida)Dip

Alveolata Stramenopila Cer

Amoebozoa

ChytridsZygote

fungiArbuscular mycorrhizal

Sac fungi

Club fungi

Figure 31.5 Chytridiomycota (chytrids)

0.5 mm

Figure 31.7 The life cycle of the zygomycete Rhizopus (black bread mold)

Figure 31.9 Ascomycetes (sac fungi): Scarlet cup (top left), truffles (bottom left), morel (right)

Figure 31.10 The life cycle of an ascomycete

Figure 31.11 Basidiomycetes (club fungi): Greville's bolete (top left), turkey tail (bottom left), stinkhorn (right)

Figure 31.12 The life cycle of a mushroom-forming basidiomycete

Figure 31.12x Gills

Figure 31.16 Lichens

Figure 31.17 Anatomy of a lichen

Figure 31.18 Mycorrhizae

(a) Corn smut on corn (b) Tar spot fungus on maple leaves (c) Ergots on rye

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