families on the periodic table

Families on the Periodic TableElements on the periodic table can be

grouped into families bases on their chemical properties.

Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table.

Elements in each family react differently with other elements.

Properties of MetalsMetals are elements that are good conductors of

electric current and heat. They tend to be shiny and bendable.

Physical Properties-1. Luster- shiny and reflective2. Malleable- can be hammered or rolled 3. Ductile- can be pulled out or drawn into long

wires4. Thermal conductivity- ability of an object to

transfer heat5. Electrical conductivity- ability of an object to

carry electric current

Chemical Properties-1. Reactivity- the ease and speed an element

combines or reacts with other substances2. Corrosion- the deterioration of a metal

ALKALI METALSGroup 1Hydrogen is not a member,

it is a non-metalAll are metals and solid at

room temp1 Valence ElectronSoft and silvery, shinyVery reactive, esp. with

waterConduct electricity

Image: http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups2.html

ALKALINE EARTH METALSGroup 2MetalsSolids at room

temp2 electrons in the

outer shellWhite, silvery,

and malleableReactive, but less

than Alkali metalsConduct

electricity

TRANSITION METALSMetalsAlmost all are

solids at room temp (Hg)

Good conductors of heat and electricity.

1 or 2 Valence Electrons

Less Reactive than Alkali and Alkaline Earth

Can bond with many elements in a variety of shapes.

BORON FAMILY Group 33 electrons in

the outer shellMost are metalsBoron is a

metalloidReactiveSolid at room

temp

CARBON FAMILY Group 44 electrons in the

outer shellContains 3

metals, 2 metalloids, and 1 non-metal Carbon (C)

Reactivity variesSolids at room

temp

NITROGEN FAMILY Group 55 electrons in the

outer shellCan share

electrons to form compounds

Contains 2 metals, 2 metalloids, and 2 non-metals

Reactivity VariesNitrogen is the

only gas at room temp, rest are solids

OXYGEN FAMILY Group 66 electrons in

the outer shellContains 2

metals, 1 metalloid, and 3 non-metals

ReactiveOxygen is a gas,

the rest are solids at room temp

Noble GasesGroup 8Exist as gasesNon-metals8 electrons in the

outer shell = FullHelium (He) has

only 2 electrons in the outer shell = Full

Not reactive with other elements

HalogensGroup 77 electrons in the

outer shellNon-metals,

Uus is unknownVery reactive -

are often bonded with Group 1 Alkali Metals

Has 2 gases, 1 liquid (Br), and 2 solids

Rare Earth MetalsSome are

RadioactiveThe rare

earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals.

Conduct electricity

Also called Lanthanides and Actinides