faculty research conference 2014
Post on 16-Aug-2015
85 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Syed Ali Tarek Discovering the out of focus themes: Using Photo Elicitation in the Field Research In most of the qualitative studies, standard data collection method is an interview that mostly is based on spoken language. Spoken language sometimes reduces the data gathered from other dimensions such as visual, which is worth investigation as those often get excluded. Images are indicative and can bring forward scenarios or situations that would otherwise be not spoken. As Weber (2008) argued, images can help us to look at reality from a different angle where the ordinary becomes extra ordinary. As a part of my PhD main study (where participants get trained in disaster preparedness) data collection, photo elicitation was used for the interview process. How participants perceived taking photos of non-human objects or elements around them and what photos they captured added an extra dimension to the standard interview process. In an attempt to capture ‘elements that they think are hazardous around their surroundings’, participants took some obvious photos and some non-obvious photos and when they were asked to choose five most important photos, they selected photos relating to issues that would not be brought forward in a standard interview process. This presentation will give a brief overview on what happened throughout the photo elicitation process.
Discovering the out of focus themes: Using Photo Elicitation
in the Field Research
Presented by:
Syed Ali Tarek
Doctoral Candidate
Faculty of Education, Community and Leisure
Outline of the presentation
• Photo elicitation technique
• The Baintala experiment
• Conclusion
Photo Elicitation technique
- Is based on the fairly simple principle of using
images in an interview and asking the participants
to comment on them.
- The images may be produced by the participants
or may be provided by the researcher.
My research
• I am researching on creating and administering
an inclusive tablet based disaster preparedness
training programme to empower technologically
disadvantaged people in South West
Bangladesh to be better aware and prepared to
take informed decisions during catastrophic
events.
• Progression so far: Pilot Study – August, 2013
Main Study - May, 2014
Pretext of Using Photo Elicitation
• Identified themes in the pilot :– People are generally unconscious of disaster
preparedness
– They highly rely on their intuition in times of a disaster
– Social participation exists but is weak within a family. (Not
all the family members will take part in pre/post disaster
planning/actions)
– Disaster preparedness is never a topic to be discussed
within the family.
– Government and NGOs are more reactive than proactive.
The Baintala Village Experiment
• Participants – 6
• Photo capturing device – Tablet (iPad)
• Participants were given the following task
– Take (minimum 5) pictures of hazardous
elements around your surroundings.
Taking the pictures
• Some of the participants used feature
phone before so they were aware of the
point and shot system. However….
• Some participants were not aware of the
imaging function and were hesitant to use
it in the first go.
• Participants would often try to zoom in to
focus on their target.
The Selection Process
These were obvious!
Unpredicted Snaps!
Represents High Wind/ Storm and there are
people underneath!
There were numerous snaps of broken roads,
misplaced bricks etc. indicating barrier to
commute in an alarming situation
Unpredicted Snaps! (cont.)
Locked Entrance! It is a very common practice to lock the
entrance and key is only available to important
members of the family (mostly parents or elderly people with
less mobility).
Unpredicted Snaps! (cont.)
Kids go free! Literally!
This exposes them to
greater trouble and risk
in an alarming event.
Unpredicted Snaps! (cont.)
Often the pathway is
blocked with woods
that they use for
cooking and for other
works.
Unpredicted Snaps! (cont.)
A very Narrow bamboo pole connecting dwelling places to
the roads. The pattern and make of the pole makes
commuting at night risky as there is no electricity in that
Village
The Newly Discovered Themes
• Communication links plays an important to
choose between staying at home or going to
the safety shelter.
• More communication within family is
needed.
• Learning to do emergency planning,
emergency kit or first aid will not help much
if the basic safety issues are not understood.
Conclusion
• Photo-elicitation represents a major strand
of visual research methodology which has
been little employed in disaster
management studies.
• My study will involve this technique to
generate supplementary data alongside
the standard interviews.
References• Bagnoli, A. (2009). Beyond the standard interview: the use of graphic elicitation and arts-based
methods. Qualitative Research, 9(5), 547–570. doi:10.1177/1468794109343625
• Bignante, E. (2010). The use of photo-elicitation in field research. Retrieved January 04, 2014,
from http://echogeo.revues.org/11622#quotation
• Book review. (2014). AIDS Education and Prevention : Official Publication of the International
Society for AIDS Education, 26(2), 185–6. doi:10.1521/aeap.2014.26.2.185
• Clark-IbaNez, M. (2004). Framing the Social World With Photo-Elicitation Interviews. American
Behavioral Scientist, 47(12), 1507–1527. doi:10.1177/0002764204266236
• Collier, J., & Collier, M. (1990). VISUAL ANTHROPOLOGY Photography as a Research Method
(3rd ed., pp. 1–248). University of New Mexico Press.
• Dufon, M. A. (2002). VIDEO RECORDING IN ETHNOGRAPHIC SLA RESEARCH: SOME
ISSUES OF VALIDITY IN DATA COLLECTION. Language Learning & Technology, 6(January),
40–59.
• Epstein, I., Stevens, B., & Mckeever, P. (2006). Photo Elicitation Interview ( PEI ): Using Photos to
Elicit Children ’ s Perspectives, 1–11.
• Epstein, I., Stevens, B., Mckeever, P., & Baruchel, S. (2006). Photo Elicitation Interview ( PEI ):
Using Photos to Elicit Children ’ s Perspectives, 5(September), 1–9.
• Fischman, G. E. (2001). Reflections About Images,Visual Culture, and Educational Research.
Educational Researcher, 30(8), 28–33. doi:10.3102/0013189X030008028
• Garcez, A., Eisenberg, Z., & Duarte, R. (n.d.). Production and analysis of video recordings in
qualitative research, 249–260.
• Ginsburg, F. (1998). Institutionalizing the unruly: Charting a future for visual anthropology. Ethnos,
63(2), 173–201. doi:10.1080/00141844.1998.9981571
• Haberl, V., & Wortman, B. (2012). Getting the picture: Interviews and photo elicitation at
Edmonton Public Library. LIBRES ISSN, 22(2), 1–20.
• Harper, D. (2002a). Talking about pictures: A case for photo elicitation. Visual Studies, 17(1), 13–
26. doi:10.1080/14725860220137345
• Harper, D. (2002b). Talking about pictures: A case for photo elicitation. Visual Studies, 17(1), 13–
26. doi:10.1080/14725860220137345
• Heath, C., & Hindmarsh, J. (n.d.). ANALYSING INTERACTION: Video, ethnography and situated
conduct Christian Heath and Jon Hindmarsh, 99–121.
• Henry, S. G., & Fetters, M. D. (2012). Research Method for Investigating Physician-Patient
Interactions, 118–125. doi:10.1370/afm.1339.Department
• Hurworth, R. (1994). Photo-Interviewing for research (pp. 1–4).
• Jewitt, C. (n.d.). An introduction to using video for research An Introduction to Using Video for
Research.
• Jones, P., Bunce, G., Evans, J., Gibbs, H., & Hein, J. R. (2008). Exploring Space and Place With
Walking Interviews, 4(2), 1–10.
• Lapenta, F. (2004). A Methodological Approach to the Analysis of Photo-Elicited Interviews.
• Mason, P. (2005). Visual data in applied qualitative research: lessons from experience. Qualitative
Research, 5(3), 325–346. doi:10.1177/1468794105054458
• Papademas, D. (2004). Editor’s introduction: ethics in visual research. Visual Studies, 19(2), 122–
126. doi:10.1080/1472586042000301610
• Parker, L. D. (n.d.). PHOTO-ELICITATION: AN ETHNO-HISTORICAL ACCOUNTING AND
MANAGEMENT RESEARCH PROSPECT (pp. 1–16).
• Pauwels, L. (2010). Visual Sociology Reframed: An Analytical Synthesis and Discussion of Visual
Methods in Social and Cultural Research. Sociological Methods & Research (Vol. 38, pp. 545–
581). doi:10.1177/0049124110366233
• Pink, S. (2006). The future of visual anthropology: Engaging the senses (2nd ed., pp. 1–183).
Routledge.
• Pink, S. (2007). Walking with video. Visual Studies, 22(3), 240–252.
doi:10.1080/14725860701657142
• Pink, S. (2013). Doing Visual Ethnography: Images, Media and Representation in Research (2nd
ed.). London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
• Sampson-cordle, A. V. (2001). Exploring the Relationship between a Small Rural School in
Northeast Georgia and Its Community: An Image-Based Study Using Participant-Produced
Photographs.
• Schwartz, D. (1989). Visual ethnography: Using photography in qualitative research. Qualitative
Sociology, 12(2), 119–154. doi:10.1007/BF00988995
• Shrum, W., & Duque, R. B. (1922). Film and Video in Qualitative Research (pp. 1–4).
• Shrum, W., Duque, R., & Brown, T. (2005). Digital Video as Research Practice : Methodology for
the Millennium. Journal of Research Practice, 1(1), 1–16. Retrieved from
http://jrp.icaap.org/index.php/jrp/article/view/6/12
• Van Auken, P. M., Frisvoll, S. J., & Stewart, S. I. (2010). Visualising community: using participant-
driven photo-elicitation for research and application. Local Environment, 15(4), 373–388.
doi:10.1080/13549831003677670
• Young, L., & Barrett, H. (2001). Adapting visual methods: action research with Kampala street
children. Area, 33(2), 141–152. doi:10.1111/1475-4762.00017
top related