europe and america, 1930-45

America, 1930-1945

Grant Wood, American Gothic, 1930, oil, fig.14-34

Van Eyck, Arnolfini Portrait, 1434

• Great Depression, government hires artists (WPA)

• Captures struggles of rural poor

• Used by US government to raise public funds for poor

• Image of universal motherhood (Madonna and child?)

DOROTHEA LANGE, Migrant Mother, Nipomo Valley, 1935. Fig. 14-31.

America, 1930-1945

"I wish she [Lange] hadn't taken my picture. I can't get a penny out of it. She didn't ask my name. She said she wouldn't sell the pictures. She said she'd send me a copy. She never did.“

-Florence Thompson

America, 1930-1945

JACOB LAWRENCE, No. 49, from The Migration of the

Negro, 1940–1941. Fig. 14-33.

• One of 60 panel paintings• The African American

experience & struggle against discrimination

• Americans adapt European modernism

• Cubist tension of space• Abstracted forms • Harlem Renaissance

JACOB LAWRENCE, No. 49, from The Migration of the Negro, 1940–1941. Fig. 14-33.

America, 1930-1945

“They also found discriminationIn the North although it was muchDifferent from what they had known in the South.”

-caption accompanying image

“Art for the People”

Diego Rivera, Ancient Mexico fromHistory of Mexico, National Palace, Mexico, 1929-35, fig. 14-35

Frida Kahlo, The Two Fridas1939, oil, fig. 14-36

Mexico, 1930-45

http://www.spike.com/video-clips/bvw0x9/frida-diego-vs-rockefeller

Hitler & the War Against “Degenerate” Art

Walter GropiusShop Block, the Bauhaus, Dessau1925-26, fig.14-37

Hitler touring the Degenerate Artexhibition, 1937

Watercolor by Adolf Hitler

Europe, 1920 to 1945

PABLO PICASSO, Guernica, 1937. Fig. 14-19.

• Response to fascist bombing in Spain

• Political role of art• Paris International

Exposition• Aspects of Cubism• Monochromatic• Brutality and darkness

Europe, 1920 to 1945

Painting is not made to decorateapartments. It is an instrument foroffensive and defensive waragainst the enemy. -Picasso

Tapestryversion at UnitedNations

Architecture, 1930-45

LE CORBUSIER, Villa Savoye, 1929. Fig. 14-39.

• International Style

• Developed at Bauhaus

• “Machine for living”

• Steel and reinforced concrete

• Open plan, light

• GeometricLE CORBUSIER, Villa Savoye, 1929.

Fig. 14-39.

Architecture, 1930-45

• Organic architecture

• Modern and local natural materials

• Pure forms, little ornament

• Cantilevered levels to integrate with setting

• Architecture of space, not mass

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT, Kaufmann House (Fallingwater), 1936–1939.

Fig. 14-40.

Architecture, 1930-45

Fallingwater, LEGO Architecture, F.L. Wright Collection