etm521 - lecture 1 - baris sanli
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ETM521
Lecture 3 – Generation TechnologiesBarış Sanlı
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Question
A fund provided you with 100 million $ for electricity generation.
● How will you invest?● What will be your optimal portfolio?● What should be your initiating question
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Load profiles
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Generation technologies
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Load duration
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Flexibility
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Minimum load and ramp rates
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Ramp rates
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Comparison of most commonly used and state-of-the-art power plants for each generation technology with regard to flexibility
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Resources
http://www.pk-energie-praxiswissen.com/?page_id=479&lang=en
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Resources
https://www.agora-energiewende.de/fileadmin2/Projekte/2017/Flexibility_in_thermal_plants/115_flexibility-report-WEB.pdf
https://energy.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Utility-of-the-Future-Full-Report.pdf
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Value of generation to the sys.
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Carnot verimliliği
● Carnot verimliliği● 1- To/T1
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Heating Values
● American English
– LCV : Lower heating value– HCV: Higher heating value
● British English
– NCV – net calorific value– GCV – gross calorific value
● Lower heating value does not include condensation heat of water vapor
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Types of Power Plants
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Reference site conditions
● Performance is defined with energy efficiency or the heat rate
● Rated power is the performance (kW, eff) based on refence site conditions (RSC)
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Operating hour
● Operating hours/Running Hours -> time the plant is in operation
● Equivalent Full Capacity Hours -> the equivalent time period during which the power plant would have produced the same amount of electrical power at full power output
● Capacity Factor (CF) : produced/ could have been produced at continuous operation at full power
● Availability : is the state where a unit can provide energy within a reference period (IEEE-762-2006)
– Planned outages: Maintenance– Forced outages: Failures during operation
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Cost structure
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CAPEX estimate
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Steam Power Plants
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Sub-Super- Ultra Critical plants
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How cooling affects efficiency
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How sulphur content affects?
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Simple cycle gas turbine
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Site conditions on efficiency
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Heating inlet air temperature
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Combined Cycle
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Techno-economics of Fossil Fuel
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Electricity Generation Costs
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Structure of electricity gen costs
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Nuclear Power
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Nuclear Economics
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Technoeconomics
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Hydroelectric
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Pump hydro
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Different hydro turbines
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Cost of hydro
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Wind power
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Rayleigh Freq Dist of Wind Speed
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Performance curve
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Reference annual electricity yield
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Electricity Generation Costs
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Solar
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Solar - Photovoltaic
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Module voltage
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Dual axis
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Yield calculation
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Levelized elec. costs
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Concentrated
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Solar tower
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Cycles
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South or West
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Taxonomy of Solar PV and Solar-plus-Storage Business Models
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Solar revenue vs penetration
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Locational value
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Distributed system
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Increased penetration
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Technology on Grid
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Production cost
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Quality requirements
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Nodal pricing
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