etd rookies: ndltd background etd 2004 university of kentucky june 3, 2004 edward a. fox fox@vt.edu

ETD Rookies:NDLTD Background

ETD 2004University of Kentucky

June 3, 2004

Edward A. Fox

fox@vt.edu http://fox.cs.vt.edu

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (NDLTD)• NDLTD Board of Directors, previous Steering Committee + other

NDLTD committees; those running Electronic Thesis & Dissertation (ETD) initiatives in universities, regions, countries

• Helpful sponsorship by many organizations, especially Adobe (new initiative!), CONACyT, DFG, FIPSE (US Dept. Education), IBM, Microsoft, NSF (IIS-9986089, 0086227, 0080748, 0325579; DUE-0121679, 0136690, 0121741, 0333601), OCLC, SOLINET, SUN, SURA, UNESCO, VTLS, many governments (Australia, Germany, India, …), …

• Colleagues at Virginia Tech (faculty, staff, students), and collaborators at many universities

• Slides included from: Vinod Chachra, Thom Hickey, Joan Lippincott, Gail McMillan, Axel Plathe, Hussein Suleman, …

Part 1

Digital Libraries and

Higher Education

Fox at VT

• Professor, Dept. of Computer Science• www.cs.vt.edu

• 1/3 time report to Erv Blythe, VP for Info. Tech.

• Director of University Center: Internet Technology Innovation Center at VT

• Director, Digital Library Research Laboratory• Students: typically about 20• Visitors: India: 2, S. Korea: 1, Brazil: 1, …• Others are welcome!• www.dlib.vt.edu

Digital Libraries --- Objectives

• World Lit.: 24hr / 7day / from desktop• Integrated “super” information systems: 5S:

streams, structures, spaces, scenarios, societies • Ubiquitous, Higher Quality, Lower Cost • Education, Knowledge Sharing, Discovery• Disintermediation -> Collaboration • Universities Reclaim Property• Interactive Courseware, Student Works• Scalable, Sustainable, Usable, Useful

DLs: Why of Global Interest?

• National projects can preserve antiquities and heritage: cultural, historical, linguistic, scholarly

• Knowledge and information are essential to economic and technological growth, education

• DL - a domain for international collaboration• wherein all can contribute and benefit• which leverages investment in networking• which provides useful content on Internet & WWW• which will tie nations and peoples together more

strongly and through deeper understanding

Digital Libraries

SGML (1985)

PDF(1992)

NSF DLI (1994)

LibraryCancellations

(1988)

UniversityScholarlyElectronic

Pub. (1988)

Info.Literacy(1995)

ImprovingEducation Internet

(1984)

WWW(1994)

Multimedia(1986)

SynchronousScholarly Communication

Same time, Same or different place

Asynchronous, Digital Library Mediated Scholarly Communication

Different time and/or place

Information Life Cycle

AuthoringModifying

OrganizingIndexing

StoringRetrieving

DistributingNetworking

Retention/ Mining

AccessingFiltering

UsingCreating

Computing (flops)Digital content

Com

mun

icat

ions

(ban

dwid

th, c

onne

ctiv

ity)

Locating Digital Libraries in Computing andCommunications Technology Space

Digital Libraries technologytrajectory: intellectualaccess to globally distributed information

less more

D ig ita l L ib ra r y C o n te n t

A rtic le s ,R e p o rts,

B o o ks

T e xtD o cum e n ts

S p ee ch ,M u s ic

V id eoA u d io

(A e ria l)P h o tos

G e og rap h icIn fo rm ation

M o d e lsS im u la tio ns

S o ftw a re ,P ro g ra m s

G e no m eH u m a n,a n im a l,

p la n t

B ioIn fo rm ation

2 D , 3 D ,V R ,C A T

Im ag es a ndG ra p h ics

C o nte n tT yp e s

Digital LibrariesShorten the Chain from

Editor

Publisher

A&I

Consolidator

Library

Reviewer

DLs Shorten the Chain to

Author

Reader

Digital

LibraryEditor

Reviewer

Teacher

Learner

Librarian

Part 2

NDLTD

A Digital Library Case Study

• Domain: graduate education, research

• Genre:ETDs=electronic theses & dissertations

• Submission: http://etd.vt.edu

• Collection: http://www.theses.org

Project: Networked Digital

Library of Theses & Dissertations

(NDLTD) http://www.ndltd.org

www.ndltd.org

GradProgram

IT Ed.(Tech)Library

NDLTD

Key Ideas: Networked infrastructure

Scalability

Education is the rationale

University collaboration

Workflow, automation

Authors must submitMaximalAccess

PDF, SGML, MM,MARC, DC, URNs,Federated search

Standards

8th graders vs. grads

What are the long term goals?

• 400K US students / year getting grad degrees are exposed / involved

• 200K/yr rich hypermedia ETDs that may turn into electronic portfolios (images, video, audio, …)

• Dramatic increase in knowledge sharing: literature reviews, bibliographies, …

• Services providing lifelong access for students: browse, search, prior searches, citation links

• Hundreds/thousands of downloads / year / work

How can a university get involved?

• Select planning/implementation team• Graduate School

• Library

• Computing / Information Technology

• Institutional Research / Educ. Tech.

• Join online, give us contact names• www.ndltd.org/join

• Adapt Virginia Tech or other proven approach• Build interest and consensus

• Start trial / allow optional submission

Convene Local Planning Group

ETD

ETD project participants

• Academic administrators

• Faculty

• Students

• Staff

• Graduate school / provost / registrar

• Information technologists

• Librarians

Build Local ETD Site

Digital Library

Policies

Inspection/Approval

Workshop/Training

ETD

ETD

NDLTD

Computer Resources

Research

Literature

Student Prepares Thesis/Dissertation

Student Defends & Finalizes ETD

My Thesis

ETD

Student Gets CommitteeSignatures and Submits ETD

Signed

Grad School

Graduate School Approves ETD, Student is Graduated

Ph.D.

Library Catalogs ETD, Access isOpened to the New Research

WWW

NDLTD

Digital Library Benefits:Low margin, high use

• Incorporate ETDs with other digital library activities• Ejournals, online class materials, digital images, etc.• Additional equipment, staff may not be necessary

• http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/data/setup.html• Use VT programs, scripts, etc.

• http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ETD-db/• Online accesses vs. circulation of copies

• 1990-1994, average circulation per copy per year:• 2.2 for theses, 3.2 for dissertations -> 1000s/yr

Relationship with publishers

• Concern of faculty and students that still wish to publish books or journal articles, voiced: campus, Chronicle, NPR, Times

• Solution: Approval Form gives students, faculty choices on access, when to change access condition; use IPR controls in DL

• Solution: by case, work with publishers and publisher associations to increase access• AAP, AAUP• AAAS, ACM, ACS, Elsevier, ...

Some responses from publishers

• ACM: need to acknowledge copyright• Elsevier: need to acknowledge copyright• IEEE-CS: endorse initiative• ACS: After first publication, can release• Textbook publishers: different market,

manuscript significantly reworked• General: restricting access to local campus

will not cause any problems

Summary: ETDs and Publishing

• Early controversies waning• Faculty: prior publication?

• Protective of future academics• Surveys of publishers

• No specific policies largely• Consider submissions individually

• VT ETD Alumni• None had problems getting published

• Authors• Retain some rights, e.g., link to curriculum vitae,

online course materials

ETDs and Copyright

• Author’s rights• Reproduction, modification, distribution, public performance, public

display• Retain rights • Share non-exclusive rights:• Permit library to store / provide access

• Author’s obligations: fair use• Balance factors or get permission

• Notification: optionalCopyright 2002 by Gail McMillan ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

• Registration: optional• Possibly receive greater compensation, with less documentation, if

filing infringement law suit

Why ETD?Short Answer

• For Students:• Gain knowledge and skills for the Information Age

• Richer communication (digital information, multimedia, …)

• For Universities: • Easy way to enter the digital library field and benefit thereby

• For the World: • Global digital library – large, useful, many services

• General:• Save time and money

• Increased visibility for all associated with research results

The Process? (How?)Short Answer

• For Students:

• Plan on ETD from day 1

• Secure knowledge from: workshops, online info, colleagues

• Work with faculty to plan approach

• PDF? XML? TEI? Multi/hypermedia? Data sets? Viz?

• Get signed approval form: access, ©, proxy assignment

• After defense and approval, submit ETD to university

• For Universities:

• Form team

• Adapt solution from work at other universities, attend ETD conference

• Pilot -> Option -> Requirement

Selected Links - http://fox.cs.vt.edu

• NDLTD (electronic theses and dissertations worldwide)• www.ndltd.org and etdguide.org

• OAI (Open Archives Initiative)• www.openarchives.org

• Virginia Tech Digital Library Research Laboratory (DLRL)• www.dlib.vt.edu

Spirit of NDLTD• Help make a better (smaller) world• Win-win-win (everyone can benefit)• Have fun helping others• Helpers/teachers learn more than those they work with• Build on standards• ETDs are preservable, popular, expressive, “better”

• Doable, feasible, learnable, affordable, sharable

• Please join NDLTD!

Questions/Discussion?