enzymes protein structures that lower activation energy
Post on 12-Jan-2016
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Enzymes
Protein structures that lower activation energy
Enzyme names Ends in –ase
Based on reaction catalyzed
Ex: hydrolysis of amylose – enzyme amylase
Spontaneity - S
Catabolism vs. Anabolism
Factors that change the rate of chemical reactions
Changing pH Agitation Increase temperature Removing product Enzymes: ideal
because highly efficient and specific
Enzyme-Substrate Complex
Enzyme models Fischer’s “lock and key” Jenk’s “strain” Koshland’s “induced fit”
All three = modern induced fit theory of enzymes
Induced fit model
Inactive until regulated
Inhibition Inhibitor =
chemical similar in shape and size to substrate
Competitive vs. Noncompetitive
Allosteric inhibition
Regulatory molecule
Cofactors metal ions activator coenzymes (vitamins) prosthetic groups
Optimal conditions for enzymes
Temperature
pH Saline
concentration
Etc.
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