enzyme activity “how do enzymes work?” (next slide)
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ENZYME ACTIVITYENZYME ACTIVITY
“How do enzymes work?”“How do enzymes work?”
(NEXTSLIDE)
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(NEXTSLIDE)
DON’T FORGETDON’T FORGET
As we go through this PowerPoint, don’t forget to answer the questions on your hand-out.
As we go through this PowerPoint, don’t forget to answer the questions on your hand-out.
(NEXTSLIDE)
ENZYME REVIEWENZYME REVIEWWhat type of macromolecule is an enzyme?What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?
CARBOHYDRATE
NUCLEIC ACID
LIPID
PROTEIN
Answer Question 1!
ENZYME REVIEWENZYME REVIEW
CARBOHYDRATE
NUCLEIC ACID
LIPID
PROTEIN
What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?
ENZYME REVIEWENZYME REVIEW
CARBOHYDRATE
NUCLEIC ACID
LIPID
PROTEIN
What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?
ENZYME REVIEWENZYME REVIEW
CARBOHYDRATE
NUCLEIC ACID
LIPID
PROTEIN
What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?
ENZYME REVIEWENZYME REVIEW
CARBOHYDRATE
NUCLEIC ACID
LIPID
PROTEIN
What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?
What do enzymes do?What do enzymes do? Enzymes are special types of proteins. There are many different enzymes in your body. Enzymes perform a variety of different functions;
they are the “machines” of your cells. Two of the functions of enzymes are digestion of
food and to repairing different parts of the cell. How many types of enzymes do you think are there
in your body?
Enzymes are special types of proteins. There are many different enzymes in your body. Enzymes perform a variety of different functions;
they are the “machines” of your cells. Two of the functions of enzymes are digestion of
food and to repairing different parts of the cell. How many types of enzymes do you think are there
in your body?
Very Many Not Many
Answer Question 2!
What do enzymes do?What do enzymes do?
Very FewVery Many
Answer Question 2!
Enzymes are special types of proteins. There are many different enzymes in your body. Enzymes perform a variety of different functions;
they are the “machines” of your cells. Two of the functions of enzymes are digestion of
food and to repairing different parts of the cell. How many types of enzymes do you think are there
in your body?
Enzymes are special types of proteins. There are many different enzymes in your body. Enzymes perform a variety of different functions;
they are the “machines” of your cells. Two of the functions of enzymes are digestion of
food and to repairing different parts of the cell. How many types of enzymes do you think are there
in your body?
AMYLASEAMYLASE Amylase is an enzyme that is found in your
saliva. Its function is to begin the break down of starch in your food.
Click on the body part where you would find the amylase enzyme.
Amylase is an enzyme that is found in your saliva. Its function is to begin the break down of starch in your food.
Click on the body part where you would find the amylase enzyme.
Answer Question 3!
AMYLASEAMYLASE
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Amylase is an enzyme that is found in your saliva. Its function is to begin the break down of starch in your food.
Click on the body part where you would find the amylase enzyme.
Amylase is an enzyme that is found in your saliva. Its function is to begin the break down of starch in your food.
Click on the body part where you would find the amylase enzyme.
AMYLASEAMYLASE
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Amylase is an enzyme that is found in your saliva. Its function is to begin the break down of starch in your food.
Click on the body part where you would find the amylase enzyme.
Amylase is an enzyme that is found in your saliva. Its function is to begin the break down of starch in your food.
Click on the body part where you would find the amylase enzyme.
Enzymes are specific for their targets.Enzymes are specific for their targets. Every enzyme (including amylase) is specific
and will react with or act on a specific molecule.
Amylase reacts only with starch. It will not react with any other molecule.
This is because only certain molecules fit into a given enzyme.
Every enzyme (including amylase) is specific and will react with or act on a specific molecule.
Amylase reacts only with starch. It will not react with any other molecule.
This is because only certain molecules fit into a given enzyme.
Click on the macromolecule that will fit into the red part of the amylase enzyme
Click on the macromolecule that will fit into the red part of the amylase enzyme
AMYLASE
STARCH
LIPID
PROTEIN
Enzyme
It doesn’t look like the protein molecule fits!
It doesn’t look like the protein molecule fits!
AMYLASE
STARCH
LIPID
PROTEIN
Try again..
Enzyme
AMYLASE
STARCH PROTEIN
LIPID
Try again..Enzyme
It doesn’t look like the protein molecule fits!
It doesn’t look like the protein molecule fits!
AMYLASE
PROTEIN
LIPIDSTARCH
Enzyme
STARCHSTARCH
What type of nutrient is STARCH? What type of nutrient is STARCH?
CARBOHYDRATE
NUCLEIC ACID
LIPID
PROTEIN
STARCHSTARCH
What type of nutrient is STARCH? What type of nutrient is STARCH?
CARBOHYDRATE
NUCLEIC ACID
LIPID
PROTEIN
STARCHSTARCH
What type of nutrient is STARCH? What type of nutrient is STARCH?
CARBOHYDRATE
NUCLEIC ACID
LIPID
PROTEIN
STARCHSTARCH
What type of nutrient is STARCH? What type of nutrient is STARCH?
CARBOHYDRATE
NUCLEIC ACID
LIPID
PROTEIN
STARCHSTARCH
What type of nutrient is STARCH? What type of nutrient is STARCH?
CARBOHYDRATE
NUCLEIC ACID
LIPID
PROTEIN
STARCHSTARCH In the lab, we can test for nutrients in
different foods.
We can test for STARCH using iodine.
If STARCH is present, the iodine solution will turn blue-black.
In the lab, we can test for nutrients in different foods.
We can test for STARCH using iodine.
If STARCH is present, the iodine solution will turn blue-black.
Next Slide
Answer Question 4!
Click the beaker to add 3 drops of iodine to the solution to see if it contains starch:
Click the beaker to add 3 drops of iodine to the solution to see if it contains starch:
Test this solution for iodine:Test this solution for iodine:
So… is there starch in the solution? So… is there starch in the solution?
YES!!
NO!!
So… is there starch in the solution? So… is there starch in the solution?
YES!!
NO!!
So, is there a carbohydrate in the solution?
So, is there a carbohydrate in the solution?
YES!!
NO!!
The starch reacted with the iodine to produce the blue- black color.
So, is there a carbohydrate in the solution?
So, is there a carbohydrate in the solution?
YES!!
NO!!
STARCH is a carbohydrate!
BACK TO AMYLASEBACK TO AMYLASE Let’s do an experiment. Let’s test the effect
of amylase on starch. The two beakers below contain starch. Click on the beaker on the left to add amylase enzyme.
Let’s do an experiment. Let’s test the effect of amylase on starch. The two beakers below contain starch. Click on the beaker on the left to add amylase enzyme.
BACK TO AMYLASEBACK TO AMYLASE In reality, enzyme molecules are
microscopic (too small to see). In this simulation, green stars will represent the amylase enzyme. Click on each beaker to add iodine.
In reality, enzyme molecules are microscopic (too small to see). In this simulation, green stars will represent the amylase enzyme. Click on each beaker to add iodine.
BACK TO AMYLASEBACK TO AMYLASE When you add iodine to the beaker with the
amylase, it does not turn blue-black. It turns yellow (the color of the iodine).
Click on the other beaker to add iodine.
When you add iodine to the beaker with the amylase, it does not turn blue-black. It turns yellow (the color of the iodine).
Click on the other beaker to add iodine.
Which solution contains starch?Which solution contains starch? Click on the beaker that CONTAINS starch. Click on the beaker that CONTAINS starch.
BACK TO AMYLASEBACK TO AMYLASE NO. Starch is in the beaker that turned
blue-black. The iodine reacted with the starch to produce the blue-black color.
NO. Starch is in the beaker that turned blue-black. The iodine reacted with the starch to produce the blue-black color.
Why doesn’t the left-hand beaker contain starch?
Why doesn’t the left-hand beaker contain starch?
Iodine doesn’t react with amylase.
Amylase broke down the starch,so there is none left to react with the iodine.
NOPE: amylase doesn’t affect iodine. NOPE: amylase doesn’t affect iodine.
Iodine doesn’t react with amylase
Amylase broke down the starch,so there is none left to react with the iodine
Where does the starch go?Where does the starch go? Ok, so amylase breaks down starch. Once
starch is broken down, iodine cannot detect it. But, what happens to the starch? Click on the beaker to perform a different test.
Ok, so amylase breaks down starch. Once starch is broken down, iodine cannot detect it. But, what happens to the starch? Click on the beaker to perform a different test.
Where does the starch go?Where does the starch go? Let’s do the test for sugar. If the glucose
test strip turns green or brown, sugar is present in the solution. Click either of the strips next to the beakers to see the results.
Let’s do the test for sugar. If the glucose test strip turns green or brown, sugar is present in the solution. Click either of the strips next to the beakers to see the results.
Where does the starch go?Where does the starch go? Click on the beaker that contains SUGAR. Click on the beaker that contains SUGAR.
Where does the starch go?Where does the starch go?
NOPE, no sugar in that one. Remember, if the test strip turns brown or green, sugar is present.
NOPE, no sugar in that one. Remember, if the test strip turns brown or green, sugar is present.
THE REACTIONTHE REACTION
AMYLASE breaks down STARCH into its subunits, which are simple sugars.
AMYLASE breaks down STARCH into its subunits, which are simple sugars.
STARCH SUGAR
AMYLASE
Answer Question 5!
STARCH SUGAR
In this reaction,•STARCH is called the SUBSTRATE•SUGAR is called the PRODUCT•The ENZYME AMYLASE is called the CATALYST
AMYLASE
Answer Question 6!
Enzyme Reactions - SubstrateEnzyme Reactions - Substrate
This means that a SUBSTRATE is: This means that a SUBSTRATE is:
GO BACKTO REACTION
The molecule that is broken down
The molecule that performs a reaction, but is not used up
The molecule that you end up with
or make a selection above.
This means that a SUBSTRATE is: This means that a SUBSTRATE is:
GO BACKTO REACTION
The molecule that is broken down
The molecule that performs a reaction, but is not used up
The molecule that you end up with
or make a selection above.
This means that a SUBSTRATE is: This means that a SUBSTRATE is:
GO BACKTO REACTION
The molecule that is broken down
The molecule that performs a reaction, but is not used up
The molecule that you end up with
or make a selection above.
Enzyme Reactions - ProductEnzyme Reactions - Product
This means that a PRODUCT is: This means that a PRODUCT is:
GO BACKTO REACTION
The molecule that is broken down
The molecule that performs a reaction, but is not used up
The molecule that you end up with
This means that a PRODUCT is: This means that a PRODUCT is:
GO BACKTO REACTION
The thing that gets broken down
The molecule that performs a reaction, but is not used up
The molecule that you end up with
This means that a PRODUCT is: This means that a PRODUCT is:
GO BACKTO REACTION
The molecule that is broken down
The molecule that performs a reaction, but is not used up
The molecule that you end up with
Enzyme Reactions - CatalystEnzyme Reactions - Catalyst
This means that a CATALYST is: This means that a CATALYST is:
GO BACKTO REACTION
The molecule that is broken down
The molecule that performs a reaction, but is not used up
The molecule that you end up with
or make a selection above.
This means that a CATALYST is: This means that a CATALYST is:
GO BACKTO REACTION
The molecule that is broken down
The molecule that performs a reaction, but is not used up
The molecule that you end up with
or make a selection above.
This means that a CATALYST is: This means that a CATALYST is:
GO BACKTO REACTION
The molecule that is broken down
The molecule that performs a reaction, but is not used up
The molecule that you end up with
or make a selection above.
In this reaction, the PROTEIN is the…
In this reaction, the PROTEIN is the…
PROTEIN AMINO ACIDSPROTEASE
PRODUCT
CATALYST
SUBSTRATE
PROTEIN AMINO ACIDSPROTEASE
PRODUCT
CATALYST
SUBSTRATE
PROTEIN AMINO ACIDSPROTEASE
PRODUCT
CATALYST
SUBSTRATE
PROTEASE is the…PROTEASE is the…
PROTEIN AMINO ACIDSPROTEASE
PRODUCT
CATALYST
SUBSTRATESUBSTRATE
PROTEIN AMINO ACIDSPROTEASE
PRODUCT
CATALYST
SUBSTRATESUBSTRATE
PROTEIN AMINO ACIDSPROTEASE
PRODUCT
CATALYST
SUBSTRATESUBSTRATE
AMINO ACIDS are the…AMINO ACIDS are the…
PROTEIN AMINO ACIDSPROTEASE
CATALYST
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
CATALYST
SUBSTRATE
PROTEIN AMINO ACIDSPROTEASE
CATALYST
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
CATALYST
SUBSTRATE
PROTEIN AMINO ACIDSPROTEASE
CATALYST
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
CATALYST
SUBSTRATE
ENZYME NAMESENZYME NAMES
Did you notice something about the names of the two enzymes? AMYLASE (am-ill-ace) PROTEASE (pro-tee-ace)
Did you notice something about the names of the two enzymes? AMYLASE (am-ill-ace) PROTEASE (pro-tee-ace)
YES, I DID NO, I DIDN’T
ENZYME NAMESENZYME NAMES Good! You probably noticed that both
names end in -ASE. Enzyme names usually end in -ASE. They are very often named after the substrate they break down.
AMYLASE PROTEINASE
Good! You probably noticed that both names end in -ASE. Enzyme names usually end in -ASE. They are very often named after the substrate they break down.
AMYLASE PROTEINASE
Answer Question 7!
ENZYME NAMESENZYME NAMES Look closely! You probably noticed that
both names end in -ASE. Enzyme names usually end in -ASE. They are very often named after the substrate they break down.
AMYLASE PROTEINASE
Look closely! You probably noticed that both names end in -ASE. Enzyme names usually end in -ASE. They are very often named after the substrate they break down.
AMYLASE PROTEINASE
Answer Question 7!
DID YOU UNDERSTAND?DID YOU UNDERSTAND?
LIPASE is probably: LIPASE is probably:
An enzyme that breaksdown lipids
A type of lipidA sugar that is found
In lipids
An enzyme that repairs cells
HINT: Look for a word in one of the answers that resembles the name of the enzyme. (Remember, enzymes react with a substrate).
Think about this…Think about this… During a reaction, what do you think
happens to the amount of SUBSTRATE as time goes on?
During a reaction, what do you think happens to the amount of SUBSTRATE as time goes on?
STARCH SUGAR
AMYLASE
We can test it using our starch test (iodine)
We can test it using our starch test (iodine)
Each beaker contains starch. Amylase enzyme was added at 0 seconds. Click on each beaker below to add the iodine.
0 sec 20 sec 40 sec 60 sec 120 sec
We can test it using our starch test (iodine)
We can test it using our starch test (iodine)
Each beaker contains starch. Amylase enzyme was added at 0 seconds. Click on each beaker below to add the iodine.
0 sec 20 sec 40 sec 60 sec 120 sec
Lots of starch is still left after 0 seconds.
We can test it using our starch test (iodine)
We can test it using our starch test (iodine)
Each beaker contains starch. Amylase enzyme was added at 0 seconds. Click on each beaker below to add the iodine.
0 sec 20 sec 40 sec 60 sec 120 sec
Some starch is left after 20 seconds.Amylase has broken down some of thestarch into sugar
We can test it using our starch test (iodine)
We can test it using our starch test (iodine)
Each beaker contains starch. Amylase enzyme was added at 0 seconds. Click on each beaker below to add the iodine.
0 sec 20 sec 40 sec 60 sec 120 sec
Very little starch is left after 40 seconds.Amylase has broken down almost all of the starch into sugar.
We can test it using our starch test (iodine)
We can test it using our starch test (iodine)
Each beaker contains starch. Amylase enzyme was added at 0 seconds. Click on each beaker below to add the iodine.
0 sec 20 sec 40 sec 60 sec 120 sec
No starch is left after 60 seconds.Amylase has broken down all of the starch into sugar.The yellow color is from the iodine.
We can test it using our starch test (iodine)
We can test it using our starch test (iodine)
Each beaker contains starch. Amylase enzyme was added at 0 seconds. Click on each beaker below to add the iodine.
0 sec 20 sec 40 sec 60 sec 120 sec
No change between 60 and 120 seconds.Amylase already broke down all of the starch into sugar.
We can show this change in substrate concentration as a graph…
We can show this change in substrate concentration as a graph…
Amount of substrate TIME (in seconds)
Which variable should be placed the X-axis?
We can show this as a graphWe can show this as a graph
Amount of substrate TIME (in seconds)
What should go on the X-axis?
NO. The time variable is usually placed on the X-axis.
We can show this as a graphWe can show this as a graph
RIGHT! Time usually goes on the X-axis
Time (in seconds)0 40 60 12020
What should go on the Y-axis?(HINT: This is what we areMEASURING)
Amount of enzyme
Amount of substrate
We can show this as a graphWe can show this as a graph
Time (in seconds)0 40 60 12020
What should go on the Y-axis?(HINT: This is what we areMEASURING)
NO. Remember: We are trying to graph the amount of substrate over time.
Amount of enzyme
Amount of substrate
We can show this as a graphWe can show this as a graph
Time (in seconds)0 40 60 12020
RIGHT!!The amount of substrate should go on
the Y axis.
Am
ou
nt
of
sub
stra
te
REMEMBER!! STARCH is the SUBSTRATE.A blue-black color means that there is
MORE STARCH.The concentration of SUBSTRATE increases
up the Y axis.
Let’s GRAPH!!Let’s GRAPH!!
Time (in seconds)0 40 60 12020
Am
ou
nt
of
sub
stra
te
SUMMARIZE THE GRAPHSUMMARIZE THE GRAPH
As time goes on, the amount of SUBSTRATE (starch)….
As time goes on, the amount of SUBSTRATE (starch)….
INCREASED DECREASED
Answer Question 8!
As time goes on, the amount of SUBSTRATE (starch)
As time goes on, the amount of SUBSTRATE (starch)
INCREASED DECREASED
SUMMARIZE THE GRAPHSUMMARIZE THE GRAPH
As time goes on, the amount of SUBSTRATE (starch) DECREASED because
As time goes on, the amount of SUBSTRATE (starch) DECREASED because
Starch was broken down by amylase
Iodine made starch turn into sugar
As time goes on, the amount of SUBSTRATE (starch) DECREASED because
As time goes on, the amount of SUBSTRATE (starch) DECREASED because
Starch was broken down by amylase
Iodine made starch turn into sugar
SUMMARIZE THE GRAPHSUMMARIZE THE GRAPH
As time goes on, the amount of SUBSTRATE (starch) DECREASED because the enzyme, amylase, broke down the starch into sugar.
As time goes on, the amount of SUBSTRATE (starch) DECREASED because the enzyme, amylase, broke down the starch into sugar.
Graph BGraph A
(Click on a graph)
Which of these graphs shows that the amount of substrate
decreases faster?
Which of these graphs shows that the amount of substrate
decreases faster?
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
No. Note that in Graph A, all of the substrate is used up in less time.
No. Note that in Graph A, all of the substrate is used up in less time.
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Graph A Graph B
Graph A Graph B
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
YES. Note that in the Graph A, all of the substrate is used up in less time.
YES. Note that in the Graph A, all of the substrate is used up in less time.
Graph A Graph B
So…So…
Which enzyme works FASTER? Which enzyme works FASTER?
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Graph A Graph B
Nope, not this one. The faster the enzyme works, the faster the substrate will decrease.
Nope, not this one. The faster the enzyme works, the faster the substrate will decrease.
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Graph A Graph B
YES!! We can tell that the Graph A enzyme works faster because the substrate decreases faster!!
YES!! We can tell that the Graph A enzyme works faster because the substrate decreases faster!!
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
teAnswer Question 9!
Look at the reactions in the beakers and the graphs. The top set of beakers are best
illustrated by which graph?
Look at the reactions in the beakers and the graphs. The top set of beakers are best
illustrated by which graph?
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Graph C
Graph D
NO. The reaction in the top set of beakers took LONGER to finish
NO. The reaction in the top set of beakers took LONGER to finish
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Graph C
Graph D
RIGHT!! The reaction in the top set of beakers occurred more slowly than the
reaction in the bottom set.
RIGHT!! The reaction in the top set of beakers occurred more slowly than the
reaction in the bottom set.
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Graph D
Graph C
So, we may say that one of the enzymes worked faster than the other. In which set of
beakers did the enzymes work faster?
So, we may say that one of the enzymes worked faster than the other. In which set of
beakers did the enzymes work faster?
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Graph D
Graph C
Which of the ENZYMES worked FASTER?Nope, this reaction took longer to finish, so
this enzyme worked more slowly.
Which of the ENZYMES worked FASTER?Nope, this reaction took longer to finish, so
this enzyme worked more slowly.
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
This reaction ended SOONER, thus the enzyme worked FASTER.
This reaction ended SOONER, thus the enzyme worked FASTER.
Time (sec)
Sub
stra
te
What might be the differencebetween the top and bottom sets
of beakers?
What do you think can affect the speed or reaction rate of an enzyme?
What do you think can affect the speed or reaction rate of an enzyme?
TEMPERATURE
AMOUNT OF LIGHT
pH
RIGHT!! Changing the pH of the reaction can affect the speed of an enzyme.
ANYTHING ELSE?
RIGHT!! Changing the pH of the reaction can affect the speed of an enzyme.
ANYTHING ELSE?
TEMPERATURE
AMOUNT OF LIGHT
pH
What do you think can affect the speed or reaction rate of an enzyme?
What do you think can affect the speed or reaction rate of an enzyme?
RIGHT!! Changing the temperature of the reaction can ALSO affect the speed of an enzyme.
RIGHT!! Changing the temperature of the reaction can ALSO affect the speed of an enzyme.
TEMPERATURE
AMOUNT OF LIGHT
pH
What do you think can affect the speed or reaction rate of an enzyme?
What do you think can affect the speed or reaction rate of an enzyme?
Answer Question 10!
RIGHT!! Changing the temperature of the reaction can affect the speed of an enzyme.
ANYTHING ELSE?
RIGHT!! Changing the temperature of the reaction can affect the speed of an enzyme.
ANYTHING ELSE?
TEMPERATURE
AMOUNT OF LIGHT
pH
What do you think can affect the speed or reaction rate of an enzyme?
What do you think can affect the speed or reaction rate of an enzyme?
RIGHT!! Changing the pH of the reaction can ALSO affect the speed of an enzyme.
RIGHT!! Changing the pH of the reaction can ALSO affect the speed of an enzyme.
TEMPERATURE
AMOUNT OF LIGHT
pH
What do you think can affect the speed or reaction rate of an enzyme?
What do you think can affect the speed or reaction rate of an enzyme?
Sorry, most enzymes are NOT affected by the amount of light…
Pick again
Sorry, most enzymes are NOT affected by the amount of light…
Pick again
TEMPERATURE
AMOUNT OF LIGHT
pH
What do you think can affect the speed or reaction rate of an enzyme?
What do you think can affect the speed or reaction rate of an enzyme?
Factors affecting enzyme reaction rate…
Factors affecting enzyme reaction rate…
We can make a graph of enzyme speed at different temperatures. However, from now on we will refer to “enzyme speed” as reaction rate or rate of enzyme activity.
We can make a graph of enzyme speed at different temperatures. However, from now on we will refer to “enzyme speed” as reaction rate or rate of enzyme activity.
Answer Question 11!
Let’s GRAPH!!Let’s GRAPH!!
Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
SLOW
FAST
Amylase is found in saliva. Click on the red button that is approximately at body temperature
Ra
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Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
SLOW
FAST
Amylase is found in saliva. 5C is close to freezing.
TOO COLD!!
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Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
SLOW
FAST
Amylase is found in saliva. 22C is close to room temperature.
TOO COLD!!
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Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
SLOW
FAST
Amylase is found in saliva. 55C is 131F.
TOO HOT!!
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Let’s GRAPH!!Let’s GRAPH!!
Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
SLOW
FAST
Amylase is found in saliva. 37C is body temperature. RIGHT!! Amylase will work best
at about 37C because it is normally found in your mouth
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Let’s GRAPH!!Let’s GRAPH!!
Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
SLOW
FAST
Amylase works slowlyat low temperatures.
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Let’s GRAPH!!Let’s GRAPH!!
Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
SLOW
FAST
Amylase will work faster as the
temperature gets closer to human body
temperature, 37°C. Ra
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Let’s GRAPH!!Let’s GRAPH!!
Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
SLOW
FAST Amylase will work fastest
at bodyTemperature.
The temperature where Amylase works BEST is called the OPTIMUM TEMPERATURER
ate
of
En
zym
e A
cti
vity
Let’s GRAPH!!Let’s GRAPH!!
Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
SLOW
FASTAs the temperature
increases above 37ºC, Amylase works less and less efficiently.
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Let’s GRAPH!!Let’s GRAPH!!
Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
SLOW
FASTClick on the
OPTIMUM TEMPERATURE for amylase.
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Let’s GRAPH!!Let’s GRAPH!!Click on the
OPTIMUM TEMPERATURE for amylase.
Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
SLOW
FAST
RIGHT!!
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What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme?
What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme?
Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
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SLOW
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10C
20C
30C
Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
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SLOW
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10C
20C
30C
Remember, the enzyme works fastest at its
optimum temperature.
Temperature (C)0 20 50 6010 4030
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SLOW
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10C
20C
30C
Remember, the enzyme works fastest at its
optimum temperature.
What is the optimum pH for this enzyme?
What is the optimum pH for this enzyme?
pH0 4 10 122 86
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9
10
11
pH
0 4 10 122 86
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9
10
11
Look closely…
pH
0 4 10 122 86
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SLOW
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9
10
11
Look closely…
What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme?
What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme?
Temperature (C)20 40 70 8030 6050
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SLOW
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20C
63C
48C
Temperature (C)20 40 70 8030 6050
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SLOW
FAST
20C
63C
48C
Temperature (C)20 40 70 8030 6050
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SLOW
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20C
63C
48C
Right!!Right!!
At what temperature does this enzyme work best?
At what temperature does this enzyme work best?
Time
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Rate of Enzyme activity at 25°C
Time
Sub
stra
te
Rate of Enzyme activity at 35°C
Time
Sub
stra
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Rate of Enzyme activity at 30°C
At 25C At 30C At 35C
REMEMBER: The faster the amount of substrate decreases, the
faster the enzyme is working.
REMEMBER: The faster the amount of substrate decreases, the
faster the enzyme is working.
Time
Sub
stra
te
Rate of Enzyme activity at 25°C
Time
Sub
stra
te
Rate of Enzyme activity at 35°C
Time
Sub
stra
te
Rate of Enzyme activity at 30°C
At 25C At 30C At 35C
Time
Sub
stra
te
Rate of Enzyme activity at 25°C
Time
Sub
stra
te
Rate of Enzyme activity at 35°C
Time
Sub
stra
te
Rate of Enzyme activity at 30°C
At 25C At 30C At 35C
REMEMBER: The faster the amount of substrate decreases, the
faster the enzyme is working.
REMEMBER: The faster the amount of substrate decreases, the
faster the enzyme is working.
Congratulations, you have completed the Enzyme Activity.
Time for a quick self-quiz!
Congratulations, you have completed the Enzyme Activity.
Time for a quick self-quiz!
QUIZ - QUESTION 1QUIZ - QUESTION 1
Where in your body is the amylase enzyme found?
Where in your body is the amylase enzyme found?
SALIVA STOMACHLIVER
Where in your body is the amylase enzyme found?
Where in your body is the amylase enzyme found?
SALIVA STOMACHLIVER
Where in your body is the amylase enzyme found?
Where in your body is the amylase enzyme found?
SALIVA STOMACHLIVER
QUIZ - QUESTION 2QUIZ - QUESTION 2
Click on the CATALYST in this reaction: Click on the CATALYST in this reaction:
STARCH SUGAR
AMYLASE
REMEMBER: The catalyst performs the reaction, but is not used up
REMEMBER: The catalyst performs the reaction, but is not used up
STARCH SUGAR
AMYLASE
REMEMBER: The catalyst performs the reaction, but is not used up
REMEMBER: The catalyst performs the reaction, but is not used up
STARCH SUGAR
AMYLASE
QUIZ - QUESTION 3QUIZ - QUESTION 3 Click on the substrate that is most likely to
react with the enzyme below: Click on the substrate that is most likely to
react with the enzyme below:
Substrate B Substrate CSubstrate A
Enzyme
Substrate B Substrate CSubstrate A
Enzyme
REMEMBER: The enzyme that fits the shape of the substrate will be the one that reacts with it.
REMEMBER: The enzyme that fits the shape of the substrate will be the one that reacts with it.
REMEMBER: The enzyme that fits the shape of the substrate will be the one that reacts with it.
REMEMBER: The enzyme that fits the shape of the substrate will be the one that reacts with it.
Substrate B Substrate CSubstrate A
Enzyme
Enzyme
Substrate B
QUIZ - QUESTION 4QUIZ - QUESTION 4
Which of these is most likely the name of an enzyme that reacts with a protein molecule?
Which of these is most likely the name of an enzyme that reacts with a protein molecule?
PROTEOSE
PROTEASEPROTOZOA
PROTEINATION
NO: Sugars end in -OSE, (sucrose, lactose, glucose). By the way, “Proteose” is not a real sugar!
NO: Sugars end in -OSE, (sucrose, lactose, glucose). By the way, “Proteose” is not a real sugar!
PROTEOSE
PROTEASEPROTOZOA
PROTEINATION
NOPE: think about “lactase” and “amylase”
NOPE: think about “lactase” and “amylase”
PROTEOSE
PROTEASEPROTOZOA
PROTEINATION
NOPE: think about “lactase” and “amylase”
NOPE: think about “lactase” and “amylase”
PROTEOSE
PROTEASEPROTOZOA
PROTEINATION
QUIZ - QUESTION 5QUIZ - QUESTION 5 Click on the part of the graph that shows
the OPTIMAL temperature for this enzyme Click on the part of the graph that shows
the OPTIMAL temperature for this enzyme
Temperature (C)
Enz
yme
Act
ivity
REMEMBER: the optimal temperature for an enzyme is the temperature at which the enzyme works best (has highest rate of activity).
REMEMBER: the optimal temperature for an enzyme is the temperature at which the enzyme works best (has highest rate of activity).
Temperature (C)
Enz
yme
Act
ivity
QUIZ - QUESTION 6QUIZ - QUESTION 6 Click on the graph that shows the optimum
pH for this enzyme. Click on the graph that shows the optimum
pH for this enzyme.
Time
Sub
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Time
Sub
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Time
Sub
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pH = 5.0 pH = 3.0pH = 7.0
REMEMBER: Substrate decreases faster as the enzyme works faster.
REMEMBER: Substrate decreases faster as the enzyme works faster.
Time
Sub
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Time
Sub
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Time
Sub
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pH = 5.0 pH = 3.0pH = 7.0
Time
Sub
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Time
Sub
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Time
Sub
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pH = 5.0 pH = 3.0pH = 7.0
REMEMBER: Substrate decreases faster as the enzyme works faster.
REMEMBER: Substrate decreases faster as the enzyme works faster.
You have successfully completed the Enzyme Activity!
You have successfully completed the Enzyme Activity!
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