energetic utilisation of rice husk in rice mills in the philippines
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THE ENERGETIC UTILISATION OF RICE HUSKS IN RICE MILLS IN THE PHILIPPINES
Jeriel G. Militar Project Director
Affiliated Renewable Energy Center
Central Philippine University (CPU-AREC)
Iloilo City, Philippines
PRESENTATION CONTENT
Background
Rice & Rice Residue Statistics
Rice Husk Utilisation Considerations
Rice Husk Energy Potential
Ongoing Rice Husk Study Deliverables
Technologies Using Rice Husks
Related Policies on Rice Husk Utilisation
Presentation is part of an ongoing “Study
on Rice Husk Potential as Energy Source in
Panay”
Funded under the BMZ IZR Project
“Powering Agriculture”
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
PANAY ISLAND
Why Panay?
Panay is among the top rice producing regions in the country
Situation in Panay is comparable to other large rice producing regions in the country
Iloilo, the 3rd top rice producing province, is also located in Panay
Previous study included Iloilo as among feasible area for rice husk power plants
BACKGROUND
RICE & RICE RESIDUE STATISTICS
Rice is the main Philippine agricultural crop
Cropping is done 1 to 3 times a year
Rice straw is approximately 29% of rice
production by weight:
1 ton of Rice = 290 kg Straw generated
Rice husk is approximately 20% of rice
production by weight:
1 ton Rice = 200 kg Husk generated
AREA Rice Straw * Husk *
PHILIPPINES 17.72 5.14 3.54
PANAY 1.68 0.49 0.34
Iloilo 0.93 0.27 0.19
* Straw and Husk are computed at 29% & 20% of Rice production values.
Annual Rice & Rice Residue Production in Million Metric Tons, 2011-2013 Average
RICE & RICE RESIDUE STATISTICS
Rice straw - usually left on the paddy field to
decay or burned
too bulky to store or haul as fuel
used to cook pottery by open-field firing
Rice husk still considered as waste and a
disposal problem by many rice mills
Utilisation as fuel still limited and in small
scale in many areas
Fuel for cook stoves, kilns, ovens, dryers
RICE RESIDUE UTILISATION
Positive characteristics:
High calorific value ( >3,000 kcal/kg )
Renewable, usually free and already
concentrated at mill site
Carbon-neutral fuel
Negative characteristics:
Difficult to ignite & burn
with open flame
RICE HUSK UTILISATION CONSIDERATIONS
Negative characteristics:
Difficult to haul & store - bulky and dusty
(normal density of 70-110 kg/m3 )
Ash content (17-26%) is a lot higher than fuel
wood (0.2-2%) and coal (12.2%).
Very abrasive and wears contact equipment
very quickly.
Low melting point of ash - problem of stench
and clogging during firing
RICE HUSK UTILISATION CONSIDERATIONS
Important findings of previous studies:
Direct combustion is recommended for most
heat applications
Gasification is recommended only for small to
medium scale utilisation
Hauling & storage costs are high, so…
Energetic utilisation is best done at the mill site
RICE HUSK UTILISATION CONSIDERATIONS
Energy Equivalence:*
1 Ton Rice Husk = 410 to 570 KWh
Rice Husk Energy Potential
AREA
50% of ANNUAL HUSK GENERATION,
in MMT
ENERGY EQUIVALENT
In Million KWh MW
CAPACITY
PHILIPPINES 1.77 726.46 82.93
Panay 0.17 68.99 7.88
Iloilo 0.09 37.95 4.33
* From http://www.bioenergyconsult.com/tag/rice-husk/
Map of rice husk availability and locations of rice
mills by municipality
List of issues related to energetic rice husk
utilization
List of rice mills for possible hosting of rice husk
fueled power plant– could be visited for trade
mission or similar purposes
List of rice mill owners and other groups willing to
invest in energetic utilisation of rice husk
Ongoing Rice Husk Study Deliverables
Flatbed Paddy Dryer Using Direct Combustion
Nueva Ecija, Philippines (by Alexis T. Belonio)
Technologies Using Rice Husks
Flatbed Paddy Dryer Using Gasifier
Nueva Ecija, Philippines (by Alexis T. Belonio)
Technologies Using Rice Husks
1-MW Power Plant of
Isabela La Suerte Rice
Mill Corporation
Located in
San Miguel, Isabela
Status: Operational
since 2008
(An offshoot of an
EAEF-funded study
made in 2005)
Technologies Using Rice Husks
2-MW Power Plant of
Golden Season Grains
Center, Inc.
Located in
Luna, Isabela
Status: Operational
since 2011
(An offshoot of an
EAEF-funded study
made in 2005)
Technologies Using Rice Husks
Golden Season Grains Center Rice Husk Fired Mechanical Dryer
Technologies Using Rice Husks
Golden Season & Family Choice Rice Mills
Power Plant Specifications:
Technology (CHP) was designed and supplied
by Kokholm Energi-Miljo Tecknik A/S (K.E.M.) of
Denmark
Engineering, Procurement & Construction (EPC)
by Nviro Filipino Corporation.
Turbo-generator set was sourced from M+M
Turbinen Technik GmbH of Germany
Technologies Using Rice Husks
Related Policies on Rice Husk Utilization in
the Philippines
Incentives under the Renewable Energy Law:
Feed-In Tariff for Biomass = PhP 6.63 /KWh
Net Metering – end-user with RE generation can supply the DU up to100 KW of excess generation
Priority Dispatch – qualified/registered RE generators enjoy priority dispatch by the grid operator.
Duty-free importation of RE equipment & other tax-
based incentives
Danke!
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