elements & principles of art miss mcdaniel 6 th grade art introduction to art

Elements & Principles of Elements & Principles of ArtArt

Miss McDaniel6th Grade Art

Introduction to Art

Elements & Principles of Elements & Principles of ArtArt

There are 14 Elements and Principles of Art which are crucial

to the making of any artwork. They are the basic parts and symbols of all art. Artists throughout history

have used them just as we do when we make art today.

Elements of Elements of ArtArt

• LINE• SHAPE• COLOR• TEXTURE

• VALUE• SPACE• FORM

These are topics we have been discussing/using sincethe beginning of the year. They need to be referenced

when making an art criticism.

Explaining Elements of Explaining Elements of ArtArt

LINE Line in artwork serves multiple purposes

1.1. Emphasizing LineEmphasizing Line –Shows the edges orcontours of an object,also known as acontour line.

Element of Art - LINEElement of Art - LINE2. 2. De-emphasizing LineDe-emphasizing Line – Attempts to eliminate or

hide the outline of objects in the picture.

Element of Art - LINEElement of Art - LINE3. 3. Axis LineAxis Line – Imaginary Line that is traced through an

object or several objects in a picture. This line can help to determine movement and the direction of movement in a work of art.

Element of Art - Element of Art - LINELINE4. Suggesting MovementSuggesting Movement – – The way the axis line is drawn The way the axis line is drawn implies various perceptionsimplies various perceptions

a. Vertical (up and down) suggests strength and stability b. Horizontal (side to side) suggests calmness c. Diagonal suggests tension d. Curved suggests flowing movement

Element of Art - Element of Art - FORMFORM

FORM - a three dimensional object

1.Mass – the outside size and bulk of a form2.Volume – the interior space of an object

Element of Art - Element of Art - SPACESPACE

SPACE - The distance or area between, around,above, below, or within things. Can be

two or three dimensional.

1. Actual Space – has three dimensions

2. Implied Space – has two dimensions

Element of Art - Element of Art - SPACESPACEThere are several techniques to create the

illusion of depth or distance on flat surfaces.a. Overlapping the shapes in a work

Element of Art - Element of Art - SPACESPACEb. Making

distant shapes smaller and closer shapes larger

Element of Art - Element of Art - SPACESPACEc. Placing

distant shapes higher and closer shapes lower

Element of Art - Element of Art - SPACESPACEd. Using less

detail on distant shapes and greater detail on closer shapes

Element of Art - Element of Art - SPACESPACEe. Using

duller, less intense hues for shapes in the distance

Element of Art - Element of Art - SPACESPACEf. Coloring

distant shapes with hues that appear more blue to suggest

the layers of atmosphere between the viewer and those shapes.

Element of Art - Element of Art - SPACESPACEg. Slanting

horizontal lines at shapes to make them appear to extend back into space.

Principles of Principles of ArtArt

• EMPHASIS• PROPORTION• RHYTHM• PATTERN

• UNITY• VARIETY• BALANCE

These are concepts that we have been using all year when creating artwork but have not formally

discussed. Reference these as well when critiquing art.

Principles of ArtPrinciples of Art

EmphasisThe importance artists add to certain objects or areas to attract the viewer’s attention

Principles of ArtPrinciples of Art

RhythmUses repeated elements to express a sense of visual or actual movement

Principles of Art - Principles of Art - RhythmRhythm

2. 2. Regular RhythmRegular Rhythm – Repeating the same

element

Principles of Art - Principles of Art - RhythmRhythm

2. 2. Alternating RhythmAlternating Rhythm – Two or more elements

repeated on an alternating basis

Principles of Art - Principles of Art - RhythmRhythm

2. 2. Progressive RhythmProgressive Rhythm – A repeated element changed in progression

Principles of ArtPrinciples of Art

Pattern The regular repetition of a line, shape, or color

Principles of ArtPrinciples of Art

Unity The sense of belonging together

Principles of ArtPrinciples of Art

Variety The combination of elements of art that makes a composition lively and interesting

Principles of ArtPrinciples of Art

Balance There are three types of balance

1.1. Symmetrical BalanceSymmetrical Balance – two halves of the

artwork nearly mirror each other.

Principles of Art - Principles of Art - BalanceBalance

2. 2. Radial BalanceRadial Balance – Elements spread out

from a center point

Principles of Art - Principles of Art - BalanceBalance

3. 3. Assymetrical BalanceAssymetrical Balance – The application of equal

visual weight