elemental ethics in education “one voice” northeast regional conference 11/15/2008

Elemental Ethics in Education

“One Voice” Northeast

Regional Conference11/15/2008

Improving employment outcomes for individuals with disabilities by teaching career-related skills during the transition years: A focus on time-management.

Caroline DiPipi-Hoy, Ph.D.

East Stroudsburg University

Transition Services: IDEA

"Transition services" means a coordinated set of activities for a student with disabilities that is designed within an outcome-oriented process, that promotes movement from school to post-school activities, including postsecondary education, vocational training, integrated employment (including supported employment), continuing and adult education, adult services, independent living, or community participation.

Transition Services: IDEA

Transition services need to be… Outcome oriented Focused on improving academic AND

functional achievement Based on individual needs, including

the preferences of the student and family

Transition Services: IDEA

Transition is meant to facilitate the child’s movement from school to… Post-secondary activities

School Employment Independent living Community participation Adult services

Importance of Transition PlanningOutcomes for adults with

disabilities have traditionally been characterized by unemployment, low pay, job changes, limitations in independence, and few social opportunities

(Patton, Cronin, & Jairrels, 1997).

Transition Services: IDEA

Data suggest that 54% of high school student graduates with disabilities work in segregated environments (Kraemer & Blacher, 2001).

Transition Planning

It is imperative that schools focus on proper transition planning in order to facilitate better outcomes for people with disabilities.

One of these outcomes is competitive, community-based employment.

Employment

Effective Workers Need… Stamina Time-Management Task Specific Skills Getting Along with Others Workplace Rules Timeliness Hygiene and Dress Code

Considerations

Rationale: Time-Management

Adults are responsible to engage in time-scheduled behaviors throughout the day.

Having the ability to perform activities at specific times allows an individual to gain control over his or her day.

This leads to less dependence on others to direct activities.

Sowers et al. (1980)

Rationale: Transition

Adults are responsible to engage in time-scheduled behaviors throughout the day.

Having the ability to perform activities at specific times allows an individual to gain control over his or her day.

This leads to less dependence on others to direct activities.

Sowers et al. (1980)

Time-Management Research

Research on students with disabilities Several studies on teaching time-telling

(Creekmore et al., 1985; Smeets, Lancioni, & VanLieshout, 1985).

Few studies on teaching time-management Davies, Stock, & Wehmeyer (2002) Sowers, Rusch, Connis, & Cummings (1980)

Rationale: Vocational The ability to follow a schedule and

complete job tasks within a certain time frame is a critical work skill.

Time-management has been shown to impact success in vocational environments for individuals with disabilities.

Davies, Stock, & Wehmeyer (2002) Sowers et al. (1980)

Rationale: Time-Management

Many students with disabilities who can tell time to the minute exhibit a lack of awareness of the concept of time (Moyer, 1983).

It is important to teach skills that require an understanding of the passage of time to maximize student use of time-telling skills (Manganello, 1994).

Rationale: Time-Management

In spite of the importance of time-management, few studies have identified how best to teach this skill.

Davies, Stock, & Wehmeyer (2002) Sowers et al. (1980)

Methods for Teaching Time-Management

Electronic Devices Alarm watch Palm Pilot iphone

Traditional Methods Checklists Calendars Reminders

Methods for Teaching Time-Management

Instructional Procedure from recent research… DiPipi-Hoy, C., Jitendra, A.K., & Kern L.

(2008) The Effects of Time Management

Instruction on Adolescents’ Ability to Self-Manage Time in a Vocational Setting Journal of Spec Education first published on July 14, 2008 as doi:10.1177/0022466908317791

Methods for Teaching Time-Management

ImplicationsWhat does this mean for individuals with disabilities?

Contact Information

Caroline DiPipi-HoyEast Stroudsburg University200 Prospect St.East Stroudsburg, PA 18301

570-422-3364dipipi5@yahoo.com