electricalsafety
Post on 22-Jan-2016
14 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Electrical Safety CSA Z462 & NB Regulations
WorkSafeNB’s 2014 Health and Safety Conference
Daniel Roberts
Senior Manager, Electrical Safety Consulting at Schneider Electric
Vice-chair CSA Z462
daniel.roberts@schneider-electric.com
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 2
Electrical Safety
The two things you need to know for
electrical safety:
E = I x R
Common sense…
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 3
Electric Shock is…
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 4
Shock Injuries
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 5
Arc Flash is…
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 6
Arc Flash Injuries
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 7
What is CSA Z462?
“Arc Flash” Standard
“Live Work” Standard
“Don’t Work Live” Standard
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 8
Impact of Z462
● One of CSA’s best selling Standards
● Acceptance by Industry
● AB – OHS Code 2009 guideline: “for some employers, Z462 is becoming
the standard of choice, an industry best practice…”
● Referenced directly and indirectly by Regulators
● BC – WorkSafeBC OHS guideline: “In meeting the requirements… [to
provide appropriate personal and other protective equipment for electrical
hazards], employers may find CSA Standard Z462 to be valuable in
assisting them in the creation of appropriate written safe work procedures,
determining the hazards, and the necessary protection.”
● NL – Section 484. (2) “Where it is not practicable to completely disconnect
low voltage electrical equipment, work shall be performed in accordance…
with a standard acceptable to the minister…”
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 9
What Does CSA Z462 Emphasize?
●Create an electrical safety program that is part of employer’s OHSMS
●Audit the electrical safety program & field work
●Risk assessment & hierarchy of risk controls
●Use of qualified workers
●Electrical safety training and retraining
●De-energizing
●How to identify when work must be performed energized
●The process to follow when work will be performed energized
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 10
CSA Z462 Overview
●Clause 3 Definitions
●Clause 4 Safety-Related Work Practices
● 4.1 General Requirements for Electrical Safety-Related Work Practices
● 4.2 Establishing an Electrically Safe Work Condition
● 4.3 Working Involving Electrical Hazards
●Clause 5 Safety-Related Maintenance Requirements
●Clause 6 Safety Requirements for Special Equipment
● Electrolytic Cells; Batteries and Battery Rooms
● Use of Lasers; Power Electronic Equipment
●Annexes A to U
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 11
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Electrical Safety Program
NB OHS Act Section 9(1) (a)
●[Every employer shall…] take
every reasonable precaution to
ensure the health and safety of
his employees
CSA Z462 Clause 4.1.5 Electrical
safety program
● Employers shall implement and
document an electrical safety
program that directs activity
appropriate to the risk associated
with electrical hazards
CSA Z462 Clause 4.1.5.9.1 Electrical
safety program audit
● The electrical safety program shall be
audited… at intervals not to exceed 3
years
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 12
Evolution of Electrical Safety Program
Requirements in CSA Z462
2008 Edition 2012 Edition Pending: 2015 Edition
4.1.7 Electrical Safety
Program.
4.1.7.1 General. The
employer shall implement
and document an overall
electrical safety program
that directs activity
appropriate for the
voltage, energy level, and
circuit conditions.
See CSA Z1000
4.1.7 Electrical Safety
Program.
4.7.1.1 General. The
employer shall implement
and document an overall
electrical safety program
that directs activity
appropriate for the
electrical hazards, voltage,
energy level, and circuit
conditions.
See CSA Z1000
4.1.5 Electrical Safety Program
4.1.5.1 General. The employer
shall implement and document an
overall electrical safety program
that directs activity appropriate to
the risk associated with
electrical hazards.
The electrical safety program
shall be implemented as part of
the employer’s overall
occupational health and safety
management system, when one
exists.
See CSA Z1000
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 13
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Risk Assessment
NB OHS Act Section 9(2) (b)
●[Every employer shall…]
acquaint an employee with any
hazard in connection with the
use, handling, storage, disposal
and transport of any tool,
equipment, machine, device or
biological, chemical or physical
agent;
CSA Z462 Clause 4.1.5.7 Risk
assessment procedure
●The electrical safety program
shall include a risk assessment
procedure that addresses worker
exposure to electrical hazards.
The procedure shall… be used by
the worker to:
● (a) identify hazards;
● (b) assess risks; and
● (c) implement risk control
according to a hierarchy of
methods (See CSA Z1002)
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 14
Hierarchy of Risk Control Methods
Most effective risk control methods
● Elimination
● Substitution
● Engineering controls
Least effective risk control methods
● Systems that increase awareness
● Administrative controls
● Personal protective equipment
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 15
Evolution of Risk Assessment
Requirements in CSA Z462
2008 Edition 2012 Edition Pending: 2015 Edition
4.1.7.6 Hazard/Risk
Evaluation Procedure
An electrical safety program
shall identify a hazard/risk
evaluation procedure to be
used before work is started
within the Limited
Approach Boundary of
energized electrical
conductors and circuit parts
operating at 50 volts or more
or where an electrical hazard
exists.
The procedure shall identify
the hazard/risk process that
shall be used by employees to
evaluate tasks before work is
started.
4.1.7.6 Hazard Identification and
Risk Assessment Procedure.
An electrical safety program shall
include a hazard identification
and a risk assessment procedure
to be used before work is started
within the limited approach
boundary or within the arc flash
boundary of energized electrical
conductors and circuit parts
operating at 50 volts or more or
where an electrical hazard exists.
The procedure shall identify the
process to be used by the
employee before work is started to
identify hazards and assess
risks, including potential risk
mitigation strategies
4.1.5.7 Risk Assessment
Procedure. An electrical safety
program shall include a risk
assessment procedure that
addresses employee exposure to
electrical hazards.
The procedure shall identify the
process to be used by the employee
before work is started to perform the
following:
(1) Identify hazards;
(2) Assess risks; and
(3) Implement risk control
according to a hierarchy of
methods (see CSA Z1002)
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 16
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Field Audits
NB OHS Act Section 9(2) (c)
●[Every employer shall…] provide
such information, instruction,
training and supervision as are
necessary to ensure an
employee’s health and safety;
CSA Z462 Clause 4.1.5.9.2 Field
work
●Field work shall be audited to
verify that the requirements
contained in the procedures of the
electrical safety program are
being followed.
●Audits shall be performed at
intervals not to exceed one year.
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 17
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Job Safety Planning
NB OHS Act Section 9(2) (c)
●[Every employer shall…] provide
such information, instruction,
training and supervision as are
necessary to ensure an
employee’s health and safety;
CSA Z462 Clause 4.1.5.8 Job
briefing
●Before starting each job, the
worker in charge shall conduct
a job briefing with the workers
involved [to discuss]
a) hazards associated with the job;
b) work procedures involved;
c) special precautions;
d) energy source controls;
e) PPE requirements; and
f) the information on the energized
electrical work permit, if a permit
is required;
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 18
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Electrical Safety Training
NB OHS Act Section 9(2) (c)
●[Every employer shall…] provide
such information, instruction,
training and supervision as are
necessary to ensure an
employee’s health and safety;
CSA Z462 Clause 4.1.6.1 Safety
training
●Workers exposed to an electrical
hazard…shall be trained
a) in the safety-related work
practices and procedural
requirements necessary to
provide protection from the
electrical hazards associated
with their job or task
assignments; and
b) to identify and understand the
relationship between electrical
hazards and possible injury.
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 19
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Electrical Safety Training
NB OHS Act Section 9(2) (c)
●[Every employer shall…] provide
such information, instruction,
training and supervision as are
necessary to ensure an
employee’s health and safety;
CSA Z462 Clause 4.1.6.1
Qualified persons
● (iv) Qualified persons shall be
trained in the decision-making
process necessary to:
1. Perform the job safety planning;
2. Identify electrical hazards;
3. Assess the associated risk; and
4. Select the appropriate risk
control methods from the
hierarchy of controls… including
selecting PPE
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 20
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Qualified person
NB Electrical Installation and
Inspection Act
●“qualified person” means a person
familiar with the construction
and operation of the apparatus
and the hazards involved;
CSA Z462 Clause 3
●Qualified person (worker) — one
who has demonstrated skills and
knowledge related to the
construction and operation of
electrical equipment and
installations and has received
safety training to identify and
avoid the hazards involved.
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 21
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Maintenance
NB OHS Act Section 9(2) (a)
● [Every employer shall…] ensure that
the necessary systems of work, tools,
equipment, machines, devices and
materials are maintained in good
condition and are of minimum risk to
health and safety when used as
directed …
NB OHS Regulation 287.2
● An employer shall ensure that
electrical equipment and insulating
material for electrical equipment is
suitable for its use and that it is
installed, maintained, modified and
operated in accordance with the
manufacturer’s specifications.
CSA Z462 Clause 5.2.3 Equipment
maintenance
● Electrical equipment shall be
maintained in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions or industry
consensus standards to reduce the
risk associated with failure
● The equipment owner or the owner’s
designated representative shall be
responsible for maintenance of the
electrical equipment and
documentation
● Maintenance, tests, and inspections
shall be documented
● See CSA Z463
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 22
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Requirement to De-energize
NB OHS Regulation 287.3(1)
●An employer shall ensure that the
power supply to electrical
equipment is de-energized,
locked out of service and tagged
before any work is done on the
equipment and while the work is
done on the equipment
CE Code Part I Rule 2-304
●No repairs or alterations shall be carried out on any live equipment...
CSA Z462 Clause 4.3.2.1 General
●Energized electrical conductors
and circuit parts shall be put into
an electrically safe work
condition before a worker
works within the limited approach
boundary of those conductors or
parts.
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 23
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Exceptions to De-energizing
NB OHS Regulation 287.4(1)
●Where it is not practicable to de-
energize electrical equipment
before working on or near
energized exposed parts of the
equipment…
CE Code Part I Rule 2-304
● ... except where complete
disconnection of the equipment is
not feasible
CE Code Part I Appendix B
●Not feasible = troubleshooting of control circuits, testing and diagnostics
CSA Z462 Clause 4.3.2.2 Energized
work
4.3.2.2.1 Additional hazards or
increased risk
● Energized work may be performed
when the employer can demonstrate
that de-energizing introduces
additional hazards or increased risk.
4.3.2.2.2 Infeasibility
● Energized work may be performed
when the employer can demonstrate
that the task to be performed is
infeasible in a de-energized state...
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 24
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Shock Hazards
NB OHS Regulation 287.1(2)
●An employer shall ensure that no
person other than a qualified
person enters or is permitted to
enter a room or other enclosure
containing exposed parts of
energized electrical equipment
with potential of greater than 30
volts
CSA Z462 Clause 4.1.8.1.1
Testing
●Only qualified persons shall
perform tasks such as testing,
troubleshooting, voltage
measuring, etc., within the limited
approach boundary or arc flash
boundary of energized electrical
conductors or circuit parts
operating at 50 V or more
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 25
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Shock Hazards
NB OHS Regulation 287.4(1)
●Where it is not practicable to de-
energize… an employee shall use
rubber gloves, mats, shields and
other protective equipment to
ensure protection from
electrical shocks and burns
while performing the work
CSA Z462 Clause 4.3.3 Working
while exposed to electrical
hazards
●Safety-related work practices for
electrical hazards shall be
determined by a shock risk
assessment
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 26
Shock Risk Assessment
CSA Z462 Clause 4.3.4.1 Shock
risk assessment
a) Voltage to which personnel will
be exposed;
b) Boundary requirements; and
c) PPE necessary to minimize the
possibility of electric shock
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 27
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Approach Boundaries
NB OHS Regulation 289(1)
●An employer shall ensure that an employee who is not a qualified
person does not carry out any work, and no such employee shall carry
out any work, that is liable to bring any person or object closer to an
energized electrical utility line or utility line equipment than the
distances specified in the following table
Phase to Phase
Voltage
NB Regulation
For Utility Lines
CSA Z462 Limited
Approach Boundary
CSA Z462 Restricted
Approach Boundary
Up to 750 V 900 mm 3.0 m 0.3 m
750 V - 100,000 V 3.6 m 3.3 m 1.0 m
100,001 V - 250,000 V 5.2 m 4.0 m 1.7 m
250,001 V - 345,000 V 6.1 m 4.7 m 2.8 m
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 28
Comparison – NB Regulations & Z462
Arc Flash Hazards
NB OHS Regulation
●287.4(1) Where it is not
practicable to de-energize… an
employee shall use rubber gloves,
mats, shields and other
protective equipment to ensure
protection from electrical
shocks and burns while
performing the work
CSA Z462 Clause 4.3.3 Working
while exposed to electrical
hazards
●Safety-related work practices for
electrical hazards shall be
determined by an arc flash risk
assessment
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 29
Arc Flash Risk Assessment
CSA Z462 Clause 4.3.5 Arc flash risk
assessment
● The arc flash boundary
● PPE that personnel within the
arc flash boundary shall use
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 30
Arc Flash Risk Assessment
Arc Flash Boundary
CSA Z462 Clause 3 — Arc flash
boundary
● …an approach limit at a distance from
a prospective arc source within which
a person could receive a second-
degree burn if an electrical arc flash
were to occur
CSA Z462 Clause 4.3.5.3 Arc flash
boundary
● The arc flash boundary shall be the
distance at which the incident energy
equals 1.2 cal/cm2
1.2 cal/cm2
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 31
Thermal
Energy
cal/cm2
Distance
Surface
Arc Flash Risk Assessment
Incident Energy
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 32
Incident energy parameters
Ohm’s Law
I = V / Z
Incident = I t
Energy D(x)
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 33
Arc Flash Risk Assessment
Arc Flash PPE
CSA Z462 Clause 4.3.7.3.6 Body
protection
●Workers shall wear arc-rated
clothing wherever exposure to an
electric arc flash above… 1.2
cal/cm2 is possible
CSA Z462 Clause 3 — Arc rating
●The value [in cal/cm2] attributed
to materials that describes their
performance on exposure to an
electrical arc discharge
CSA Z462 Table H.2 — Arc Flash
PPE List
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 34
2012 – Hazard/Risk Category Method
2015 – Arc Flash PPE Category Method
Hazard/Risk Category Method
●Requirement for, type and
protective value of PPE
determined by:
● Estimated exposure levels
● Likelihood of an arc flash incident
occurring based on task
●Hazard/Risk Category 0 specified
when arc flash incident unlikely or
impossible
Arc Flash PPE Category Method
●Requirement for arc flash PPE
determined by likelihood of an arc
flash incident occurring
● Task-related factors
● Equipment state of maintenance
factors
●Type and protective value of PPE
determined by
● Estimated exposure levels
●Hazard/Risk Category 0 deleted
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 35
Conclusion
CSA Z462-2015 Workplace Electrical Safety
● Is a best practice
●Aligns well with NB Regulations
●Harmonizes with other CSA Standards
● CSA Z1000 OHSMS
● CSA Z1002 OHS Risk Management
Schneider Electric – WorkSafeNB 2014 36
daniel.roberts@schneider-electric.com
top related