earth’s life-support systems processes necessary for life!
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Earth’s Life-Support Earth’s Life-Support SystemsSystems
Processes necessary for life!Processes necessary for life!
Important Earth SystemsImportant Earth Systems
• Nutrient Cycles (Water, Carbon)Nutrient Cycles (Water, Carbon)
• Rock CycleRock Cycle
• Greenhouse EffectGreenhouse Effect
• WeatherWeather
Important Nutrients for Living Important Nutrients for Living ThingsThings
Important Nutrients for Living Important Nutrients for Living ThingsThings
• CarbonCarbon
• OxygenOxygen
• WaterWater
• NitrogenNitrogen
• PhosphorusPhosphorus
• IronIron• CalciumCalcium• PotassiumPotassium• IodineIodine• MagnesiumMagnesium
Water CycleWater Cycle
List and define the parts of the water cycle.
Seepage
Condensation
Why is the Water Cycle important?Why is the Water Cycle important?
Why is the Water Cycle important?Why is the Water Cycle important?
1.1. It moves water around on Earth so that it is It moves water around on Earth so that it is continuously available for all living things.continuously available for all living things.
2.2. Water gets naturally cleaned and filtered as it Water gets naturally cleaned and filtered as it goes through the cycle.goes through the cycle.
Carbon CycleCarbon Cycle
1) Fast Carbon Cycle 1) Fast Carbon Cycle
Photosynthesis & RespirationPhotosynthesis & Respiration
Photosynthesis (Plants)Photosynthesis (Plants)
Respiration (Animals)Respiration (Animals)
1) Fast Carbon Cycle 1) Fast Carbon Cycle
Photosynthesis & RespirationPhotosynthesis & Respiration
Photosynthesis (Plants)Photosynthesis (Plants)
Carbon dioxide + Water Carbon dioxide + Water SunSun GlucoseGlucose + Oxygen + Oxygen
COCO22 + H + H22O O SunSun C C66HH1212OO66 + O + O22
Respiration (Animals)Respiration (Animals)
Glucose + Oxygen Carbon dioxide + Water + Glucose + Oxygen Carbon dioxide + Water + EnergyEnergy
CC66HH1212OO66 + O + O2 2 COCO22 + H + H22O + O + EnergyEnergy
2) Slow Carbon Cycle2) Slow Carbon CycleDecompositionDecomposition
Fossil FuelsFossil Fuels
UpliftingUplifting
Weathering & ErosionWeathering & Erosion
2) Slow Carbon Cycle2) Slow Carbon CycleDecomposition – decomposers eat dead Decomposition – decomposers eat dead
organic matter and the carbon goes into the organic matter and the carbon goes into the soil.soil.
Fossil Fuels – over millions of years, soil rich in Fossil Fuels – over millions of years, soil rich in organic matter (mostly carbon) can be organic matter (mostly carbon) can be compacted into coal, oil and natural gas.compacted into coal, oil and natural gas.
Uplifting – over millions of years, rock Uplifting – over millions of years, rock containing carbon can be pushed back to the containing carbon can be pushed back to the surface of the Earth.surface of the Earth.
Weathering & Erosion – rock at the surface can Weathering & Erosion – rock at the surface can be worn down by wind and water releasing be worn down by wind and water releasing some carbon back into the atmosphere.some carbon back into the atmosphere.
Rock CycleRock Cycle
Volcano
Rock Cycle ExplanationThe crust of the Earth is always moving and changing.
The crust is made of rocks, soil and minerals. It floats on
the layer of Earth called the mantle which is made of liquid
rock called magma. As the crust moves, rocks are melted
and changed in to metamorphic rocks by heat andpressure. Those metamorphic rocks melt into
magmawhich might eventually ooze on to a volcano and
cool intoan igneous rock! Later on, pieces of that igneous
rock ontop of the mountain will be chipped off by wind and
rainand will travel down a stream in to the ocean. Thosepebbles will be crushed into sedimentary rocks by
thePressure of the ocean and higher rock layers.
Eventuallythe plates will move and those sedimentary rocks
will falldeep into magma and melt again, starting the cycle
allover!
Rock Cycle TermsRock Cycle Terms
UpliftingUplifting
VolcanoVolcano
Weathering & ErosionWeathering & Erosion
Deposition of SedimentDeposition of Sediment
Rock Cycle TermsRock Cycle TermsUpliftingUplifting – Earth’s crust (plates) collide and – Earth’s crust (plates) collide and
push up mountains.push up mountains.
VolcanoVolcano – Earth’s inner liquid mantle leaks – Earth’s inner liquid mantle leaks up through the crust and hardens into new up through the crust and hardens into new rock.rock.
Weathering & ErosionWeathering & Erosion – Rain, snow, wind, – Rain, snow, wind, glaciers wear down rock.glaciers wear down rock.
Deposition of SedimentDeposition of Sediment – worn down rock – worn down rock sediment deposits form the parent sediment deposits form the parent material for new soil.material for new soil.
Greenhouse Effect ExplanationThe greenhouse effect occurs when certain gases in the atmosphere trap infrared radiation (heat). This effect makes the planet warmer, in the same way a greenhouse keeps its inside temperature warmer.The greenhouse effect is caused by greenhouse gases; the most important in Earth's atmosphere are: water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane. When there is more greenhouse gas in the air, the air holds more heat. This is why more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is causing global warming.The greenhouse effect is important for life on Earth. Without it, the Earth's average temperature would be around -18 or -19 degrees Celsius. Because of the greenhouse effect, the Earth's actual average temperature is 14 degrees Celsius.
Greenhouse GasesGreenhouse Gases
A Food Web A Food Web in Lake Eriein Lake Erie
Processes necessary for Processes necessary for ……
•Clean airClean air
•Pure drinking waterPure drinking water
•Productive soilProductive soil
•Healthy wildlife Healthy wildlife populationspopulations
•Correct temperaturesCorrect temperatures
LIFE!
Rock CycleRock Cycle
Volcano
Rock Cycle ExplanationRock Cycle ExplanationThe crust of the Earth is always moving and The crust of the Earth is always moving and changing.changing.
The crust is made of rocks, soil and minerals. It The crust is made of rocks, soil and minerals. It floats onfloats on
the layer of Earth called the mantle which is made the layer of Earth called the mantle which is made of liquidof liquid
rock called magma. As the crust moves, rocks are rock called magma. As the crust moves, rocks are meltedmelted
and changed in to metamorphic rocks by heat andand changed in to metamorphic rocks by heat and
pressure. Those metamorphic rocks melt into pressure. Those metamorphic rocks melt into magmamagma
which might eventually ooze on to a volcano and which might eventually ooze on to a volcano and cool intocool into
an igneous rock! Later on, pieces of that igneous an igneous rock! Later on, pieces of that igneous rock onrock on
top of the mountain will be chipped off by wind and top of the mountain will be chipped off by wind and rainrain
and will travel down a stream in to the ocean. Thoseand will travel down a stream in to the ocean. Those
pebbles will be crushed into sedimentary rocks by pebbles will be crushed into sedimentary rocks by thethe
Pressure of the ocean and higher rock layers. Pressure of the ocean and higher rock layers. EventuallyEventually
the plates will move and those sedimentary rocks the plates will move and those sedimentary rocks will fallwill fall
deep into magma and melt again, starting the cycle deep into magma and melt again, starting the cycle allall
over!over!
Rock Cycle TermsRock Cycle Terms
UpliftingUplifting
VolcanoVolcano
Weathering & ErosionWeathering & Erosion
Deposition of SedimentDeposition of Sediment
Rock Cycle TermsRock Cycle TermsUpliftingUplifting – Earth’s crust (plates) collide and – Earth’s crust (plates) collide and
push up mountains.push up mountains.
VolcanoVolcano – Earth’s inner liquid mantle leaks – Earth’s inner liquid mantle leaks up through the crust and hardens into new up through the crust and hardens into new rock.rock.
Weathering & ErosionWeathering & Erosion – Rain, snow, wind, – Rain, snow, wind, glaciers wear down rock.glaciers wear down rock.
Deposition of SedimentDeposition of Sediment – worn down rock – worn down rock sediment deposits form the parent sediment deposits form the parent material for new soil.material for new soil.
Greenhouse GasesGreenhouse Gases
Greenhouse Effect ExplanationGreenhouse Effect ExplanationThe greenhouse effect occurs when certain gases in the atmosphere trap infrared radiation (heat). This effect makes the planet warmer, in the same way a greenhouse keeps its inside temperature warmer.The greenhouse effect is caused by greenhouse gases; the most important in Earth's atmosphere are: water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane. When there is more greenhouse gas in the air, the air holds more heat. This is why more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is causing global warming.The greenhouse effect is important for life on Earth. Without it, the Earth's average temperature would be around -18 or -19 degrees Celsius. Because of the greenhouse effect, the Earth's actual average temperature is 14 degrees Celsius.
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