early american civilizations

Regionsof

LatinAmerica

Regionsof

LatinAmerica

Central Central AmericaAmericaCentral Central AmericaAmerica

The CaribbeanThe CaribbeanThe CaribbeanThe Caribbean

South South AmericaAmericaSouth South

AmericaAmerica

Mountains

andPeaks

Mountains

andPeaks

Andes MtsAndes Mts..

Sierra Sierra Madres Mts.Madres Mts.

Amazon Amazon RainforesRainfores

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Major Pre-Columbian Major Pre-Columbian CivilizationsCivilizations

The Maya

The Mayan civilization flourished in present-day Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and Belize.

The people built large cities, each having at least one stone pyramid.

Tikal was the largest Mayan city and had five pyramids.

The Mayan civilization was a theocracy(ruled by religious leaders).

Lands of the Lands of the MayansMayans

The Yucatan The Yucatan PeninsulaPeninsula

The Yucatan The Yucatan PeninsulaPeninsula

The Maya

• Atop the pyramids were religious and governmental centers.

• The Maya became skilled astronomers and developed a writing system called hieroglyphics.

Chichen-Itza - Chichen-Itza - PyramidPyramid

Tikal:Tikal:

Temple Temple of the of the MasksMasks

Chichen-Itza - Ball Chichen-Itza - Ball CourtCourt

Mayan Mayan Cultivation Cultivation of of

MaizeMaize

Chac, God of Rain -->Chac, God of Rain -->Chac, God of Rain -->Chac, God of Rain -->

Mayan Underground Mayan Underground Granaries: Granaries: ChultunesChultunes

Overview of Tikal Overview of Tikal (Guatemala)(Guatemala)Temple of the MasksTemple of the MasksTemple of the MasksTemple of the Masks

Tikal - Wall Mask of Tikal - Wall Mask of the Rain Godthe Rain God

Mayan Drinking Mayan Drinking Cup for ChocolateCup for Chocolate

PakalPakal: The Maya : The Maya AstronautAstronaut

The Maya

No one knows what caused the decline of the Maya around A.D. 900 but descendants of the Maya still live in parts of Mexico and Central America.

Do Now

Please answer the following question:

List three facts about the Mayan empire

The Aztec

Founded in 1325, Tenochtitlan was the home of the Aztec and their capital city.

This city was on an island. They filled in Lake Texcoco, to build

the capital.

Lands of the Lands of the AztecsAztecs

The Aztec

They were a warrior people and conquered nearly all their rivals.

They were a military empire. Location- Mexico

Aztec View of Aztec View of TenochtitlanTenochtitlan

Tenochtitlan: The Tenochtitlan: The “Venice” of the “Venice” of the

AmericasAmericas

Aztec Aztec ChinampaChinampa or or Floating Garden:Floating Garden:

15ft. to 30ft. wide15ft. to 30ft. wide

Tenochtitlan - Tenochtitlan - ChinampasChinampas

Aztec Sun Stone -- Aztec Sun Stone -- CalendarCalendar

The The Aztecs Aztecs WereWereFierce Fierce WarriorsWarriors

Aztecs Sacrifice Aztecs Sacrifice Neighboring Tribes Neighboring Tribes to the Sun Godto the Sun God

Heart SacrificeHeart Sacrificeon an Aztec Temple on an Aztec Temple

PyramidPyramid

Sacrificial Statue, Sacrificial Statue, TenochtitlanTenochtitlan

Wall of Skulls, Wall of Skulls, TenochtitlanTenochtitlan

Aztec GoldAztec Gold

Aztec Religion

They believed in pleasing the gods. They sacrificed thousands of

prisoners in religious ceremonies.

Do Now

List three facts about the Aztecs

The Inca

Started in the western highlands of South America around 1200 A.D.

Colombia to Argentina/Chile. Cuzco was the capital city.

The Inca

Was the largest of the early American civilizations.

Empire was more than 3,000 miles long

Population was more than 9 million people.

Inca Achievements

Built 10,000 miles of paved roads. Rope bridges over rivers and

canyons. Record-keeping system to track time

between distances. ****Terracing the land-built

platforms so that they could plant crops on slopes of mountains/hills

Lands of the Lands of the IncasIncas

Cuzco: ACuzco: Ancient Capital ncient Capital of the Incaof the Inca

(11,000 ft. above sea level)(11,000 ft. above sea level)

Machu PicchuMachu Picchu

Machu PicchuMachu Picchu

Incan Suspension Bridges

Incan Suspension Bridges

Incan Terrace Incan Terrace FarmingFarming

Incan Digging Incan Digging SticksSticks

Maize in Incan Maize in Incan PotteryPottery

& Gold Work& Gold Work

Over 100 Different Over 100 Different Types of Potatoes Types of Potatoes

Cultivated Cultivated by the Incansby the Incans

Produce from a Produce from a Typical Incan Typical Incan Market Market

Incan MummiesIncan Mummies

Inca Gold & SilverInca Gold & Silver

Religion

Worshiped the sun as a god.

Project

You will pick one of the following:Aztec, Mayas, Incas

Then please complete the following: Create a powerpoint that “sells” your

culture to other nations as being the BEST

-Include- your achievements, leaders, how good is your military, beliefs in gods etc. (use pictures)

Show why YOU ARE THE BEST!!!

Opening

Put the following answers in your NOTEBOOK!!!!!

1) Name the biggest city the Mayan had?

2) What countries were the Mayan located in?

3) How many pyramids did each city MUST have?

4) What is a theocracy?

Classwork

Please complete the following:

Reading Guide pages 149-155 Textbook page 447 Geography Skillbuilder

page 449 #1 and Skillbuilder page458 #1 and Skillbuilder page 461 Geogrpahy Skillbuilder page 463 #1 and Skillbuilder

Pictures

On your sheet of paper you must draw two pictures. One on each side.

The pictures MUST be about what you have learned about the Maya and Aztec.

WHAT TO DRAW:- You can draw their location(what

countries), the dates of their civ., their beliefs(pyramids), their cities, etc

Use your creativity!!!!!!!