do now (6 min)
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Do Now (6 min)Draw the phase diagram to the right AND LABEL it with the following terms:
PressureTemperatureCritical pointTriple point
Do Now Discussion
Pressure
Temperature
Critical Point
Triple Point
Label the phase diagram with the following terms:
Mixtures and SolutionsIntro
Book NotesDebrief
What is a mixture?A combination of two or more pure substances
in which each substance retains its individual properties
Chrome + Iron = STEEL
Salt + H2O = Ocean
Why are mixtures important to us?Humans deal with very few pure substances.
Many of the chemicals we work with are actually mixtures!
Pure gold is too soft, so we mix it with other metals
Our drinking water has plenty of minerals and chemicals
We eat them! (Do we eat pure salt?...ew)Medicine – mix different chemicals in one pill
to ease multiple symptoms (cough, fever, aches, pain, etc)
Mixtures gone wrongBuildings collapse because steel is mixed incorrectlyAdults and children have been killed when the wrong
medications have been mixed togetherMany people die from illegal drug use because the
drugs are mixed with other chemicals:Lithium (from batteries)Paint thinnerEtherLyeAnti-freezeBattery acid
In order to properly use mixtures, we need to know what they are and what they’re made of!
What are we doing today?Book NotesUse the sections from the book to find key
vocabulary that we will be using.Use Cornell format!
main topics on the leftvocab words on the right
20 minutes to get the definitions down!Then we’ll go over any missing information
at the end of class.
Solubility VocabularyMixture: A combination of two or
more pure substances in which each substance retains its individual properties
Chrome + Iron = STEEL
Salt + H2O = Ocean
Two Types of MixturesHeterogeneous:
mixture that does not blend smoothly throughout and in which the individual substances remain distinct
Homogeneous: mixture that has a constant composition throughout
Heterogeneous MixturesSuspension: mixture
with particles that settle out when left undisturbed (unmoved)
Colloid: mixture of particles between 1 nm and 1000 nm that DO NOT SETTLE OUT
Homogeneous MixturesSolvent: the
substance that dissolves another substance: the most plentiful substance in a solution
Solute: the substance that dissolves
Solution: a mixture of a solute dissolved in a solvent
+ =
Solid in Liquid SolutionsSoluble: word to describe
a substance that dissolves in a solvent
Sugar is soluble in water
Miscible: when two liquids are soluble in each other
Vinegar and water are miscible
Insoluble: A substance that does not dissolve in a solvent
Sand is insoluble in water
Immiscible: when two liquids separate after being mixed together
Oil and water are immiscible
Factors that Affect SolvationAgitation:
stirring and shaking allow more collisions between solvent and solute particles
Example: salt dissolves faster when you stir it
Surface Area: increases contact between particles and solvent – more collisions
Example: a teaspoon of granulated sugar dissolves faster than a sugar cube
Temperature: molecules move faster and solvent and solute collide more
Example: sugar dissolves faster in hot water than cold water
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