diabetes management charleston academy january 2013

Diabetes ManagementCharleston AcademyJanuary 2013

Q.WHO ARE WE?

Q.WHY ARE WE HERE TODAY?

To talk to you about:

• applications of what you learn in class

• diabetes

• diabetes management through devices

• how these devices work

Q.WHO ARE ?

Part of the Diabetes CareFranchise of

WHAT DO DO?We make:

‘self monitoring blood glucose’ (SMBG) measurement systems to help people with diabetes control their blood sugar concentration

SMBGsystems

Q. WHAT IS DIABETES?• Chronic condition (long term)• Caused by failure of pancreas

to produce sufficient insulin and/or

• Failure of the body to use insulin produced effectively (insulin resistance)

• Body cannot use energy from food

• Leads to uncontrolled blood sugars

• Type 1 diabetes• Type 2 diabetes• Gestational diabetes (during pregnancy)• Secondary diabetes• Pre diabetes states

• Impaired Glucose Tolerance• Impaired Fasting Glycaemia

Q: WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF DIABETES?

DIABETES OVERVIEW

Type 1

Type 2 91% of Diabetes population

Adult Onset – Average age of diagnosis is 56

Body Resistant to Insulin

Risk Factors include lifestyle, obesity, genetics

Represents 65% of strip utilization

9% of Diabetes population

Onset usually by puberty

Death results without insulin

Represents 35% of strip utilization

.

Diagnosed Diabetics In the Unites States

2 M

18 M

Source: ADA, LifeScan Internal Data

Population

About 50% of diabetics go undiagnosed

19

14

3315 36

7

In million people

1

Prevalence of Diabetes worldwide

47

Worldwide Diabetes Epidemic

200MM 366MM

Diabetes population nearly doubles by 2030Source: World Health Organization

Q. WHAT is the most important sugar to control?

Glucose = blood sugar

Gets pumped round in the blood (along with oxygen)

Reaches the cells where it reacts to release energy!

Glucose + Oxygen Carbon dioxide, water + ENERGY

Q. What do the terms Hypoglycaemia and Hyperglycaemia mean?

*1mmol = 1/1000th of 1 mole , 1L = 1dm3 , 1mmol/L = 0.001 mol/dm3

~0 :30+mmol/L*Uncontrolled diabetic concentration range:

Non diabetic glucose concentration range:4:8mmol/L*

Note: The symptoms of Hypo and Hyper glycaemia are very similar!

Q.WHY DO WE MAKE SMBG SYSTEMS?

If people with diabetes do not control their blood Sugar concentration there can be complications in the short and long term.

An important question...

Is anyone squeamish???

In that case...

Long Term Complications

Q. SO HOW DO OUR SMBGSYSTEMS WORK?

…BIOCHEMISTRY!

Chemistry is in the test strip

How Much Insulin? When?

Complicated system controls blood sugars: But if something goes wrong with this?

insulinfood

Your SMBGSystem willhelp you keepcontrol!

In Summary

Q. WHAT IS AN ENZYME?- Enzymes are Biological Catalysts!

Don’t need much! React again and again without being consumed (££££)

-Enzymes are very specific to a substrate!

“Bio-recognition” useful for analysis within complex mixtures e.g. whole blood!

SPEED UPCHEMICALREACTIONS!

Glucose Oxidase

- Mol weight = 160,000!!! (glucose is 180)- Purified from a Fungus!- An expensive yellow powder!

Meet one of our enzymes:

Each test strip has about 5 millionths of 1 gram of Glucose Oxidase on it!

Enzyme chemistry- How does the chemistry work?- Does maltose react with the enzyme?- Does glucose react with the enzyme?- What happens when you add more or less glucose/enzyme?- What is the mystery sugar?

Make your own SMBG test strip- Learn how the strips are made- Describe the different layers of the strip- Complete the strips by adding the chemistry and tapes- See if you can get a meter reading from your test strips

Now for the fun bit…the Practical

Thanks for listening…Now you have a go!