desy superconducting sase fel’s jean-paul carneiro desy hamburg
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DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Jean-Paul CarneiroDESY Hamburg
THE TESLA COLLABORATION (12 countries, 55 institutes, status 01/2004)
CANDLE YerevanYerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan
IHEP, BeijingTsingua University, BeijingPeking University
Institute of Physics, Helsinki
CEA/DSM DAPNIA CE-SaclayLAL OrsayIPN Orsay
RWT, Hochschule, AachenBESSY, BerlinHahn-Meitner Institut, BerlinMax-Born-Institut, BerlinTechnische Universität BerlinTechnische Universität DarmstadtTechnische Universität DresdenUniversität FrankfurtGKSS-Forschungszentrum GeesthachtDESY Hamburg and ZeuthenUniversität HamburgForschungszentrum KarlsruheUniversität RostockBergische Universität-GH Wuppertal
CCLRC-Daresbury and Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryRoyal Holloway, University of London Queen Mary, University of LondonUniversity College LondonUniversity of Oxford
Laboratori Nazionali di FrascatiINFN LegnaroINFN MilanINFN Rome IISincrotrone Trieste
Institut of Nuclear Physics, CracowUniversity of Mining and Metallurgy, CracowSoltan Institut for Nuclear Studies, Otwock-SwierkHigh Pressure Research Center, WarsawInstitute of Physics, WarsawPolish Atomic Energy Agency, WarsawFaculty of Physics, University of Warsaw
CIEMAT, Madrid
PSI, Villigen
ANL, Argonne, IlFNAL, Batavia, IlMIT, Cambridge, MACornell University, NJUCLA, Los Angeles, CAJlab, Newport News, VA
MEPI, MoscowITEP, MoscowBINP, NovosibirskBINP, ProtvinoIHEP, ProtvinoINR, TroitskJINR, Dubna
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 2 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
• Basic principle of the Self Amplified Spontaneous Emission (SASE)
• Description of DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
• Tesla Test Facility, Phase 1 (TTF1)• Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 (TTF2) • Status of the European XFEL
OUTLINE
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 3 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Basic principle of SASE
High peak brilliance (exceeding storage rings by several order of magnitudes). High degree of transverse coherence close to saturation
Spontaneous emission
Saturation
Exponential Growth
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 4 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Successful demonstration of FEL saturation for sub-micrometers wavelengths :
• LEUTL : 385 nm (Sept. 2000)
• TTF1 : shortest wavelengths obtained at TTF1 at DESY (1st saturation @ 98 nm in Sept. 2001) saturation obtained from 80 nm to 120 nm
FEL saturation for sub-micrometer wavelengths
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 5 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 1
BC2ACC1
RF GUN UNDULATOR
BoosterCavity ACC2
To FEL diagnostics
Dump
BC1
• First beam in 1996 with a thermoionic gun• Operated from Dec. 1998 to Nov. 2002 using the FNAL photo-injector• Total length of the accelerator : ~ 120 meters, Energy : 220-270 MeV.
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 6 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 1
Photo-injector, Capture Cavity and Cryo-Modules
Undulator
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 7 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 1
BC2ACC1
RF GUN UNDULATOR
BoosterCavity
ACC2 To FEL diagnostics
Dump
BC1
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 8 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 1 / BC2 compression
upstream BC2 downstream BC2
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 9 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 1 / Radiation Characteristics
BC2ACC1
RF GUN UNDULATOR
BoosterCavity
ACC2 To FEL diagnostics
Dump
BC1
Photons • Radiation wavelength : 80-120 nm• FWHM radiation pulse duration : 30-100 fs• Energy in the radiation pulse : 30-100 µJ• Radiation peak power level : ~1.5 GW
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 10 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
ASTRA ELEGANT ASTRA
Reference : http://www.desy.de/s2e-simu (TTF1 Start-to-End Simulations of SASE FEL at the TESLA Test Facility, Phase 1, DESY PREPRINT 03-197, M. Dohlus, et Al.)
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 1 / FEL saturation
Average energy in the radiation pulse Vs active undulator length (numerical simulations with the FAST code)
Courtesy of M. Yurkov
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 11 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 1 / FEL radiation
Measurement of transverse coherence of the TTF1 FEL radiation
Courtesy of R. Ischebeck
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 12 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Au film (15 nm) on Si substrate irradiated by a single SASE pulse
= 98 nm, W=100 TW/cm2
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 1 / Ablation experiment
Courtesy of J. Krzywinski
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 13 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 1 / Résumé
• TTF phase 1 has been concluded successfully
Saturation observed in the wavelength of 80-120 nm
Peak brilliance as expected
~1.5 GW of peak power in flashes of 30 -100 fs
Good agreement between observations and simulation codes (ASTRA / ELEGANT / FAST)
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 14 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
bandw.)].0.1%.mmc.mrad[Phot./(se10 2229
BC2 BC3ACC2
RF GUN
ACC3 ACC4 ACC5 ACC6
UNDULATOR
ACC1
S.H.
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2
To FEL diagnostics
Dump
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 15 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
• TTF Phase 2 is an extension of TTF Phase 1 to shorter wavelengths as low as 6 nm. • Total length of the accelerator : ~ 250 meters, Energy : 1 GeV.
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Longitudinal Phase Space
upstream 3.9 GHz cavity downstream 3.9 GHz
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 16 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Longitudinal Phase Space
downstream BC2 downstream BC3
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 17 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Longitudinal Phase Space
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 18 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
-0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.20
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5R
MS
Em
itta
nce
[mm
-mra
d]
s [mm]
xy
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Slice emittance
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 19 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
BC2 BC3ACC2
RF GUN
ACC3 ACC4 ACC5 ACC6
UNDULATOR
ACC1
S.H.
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2
To FEL diagnostics
Dump
Photons • Radiation wavelength : 6 nm• FWHM radiation pulse duration : ~ 200 fs• Radiation peak power level : ~ 2.8 GW
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 20 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Reference : http://www.desy.de/s2e-simu (TTF2 Optimized Version, P. Piot et Al. )
BC2 BC3ACC2
RF GUN
ACC3 ACC4 ACC5
UNDULATOR
ACC1
To FEL diagnostics
Dump
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Present Status
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 21 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
• 3.9 GHz cavity and ACC6 not installed (2006).
• Injector Conditioning from Jan. 2004 to June 2004 (dump downstream ACC2). Shutdown from June 2004 to Aug. 2004. Re-commissioning since Sept (dump downstream ACC5 for dark current studies).
• Cryostat : cooled at 2 K from April to June.
• RF : Modulator 3 and 2 (Gun, ACC1) OK, Mod. 5 and 4 (ACC2/3, ACC4/5/6) OK soon.
• Vacuum : > 100 ion pumps, > 50 TSP, OK.
• Diagnostics: Cameras OK, Toroids OK, BPM installed (electronics available end 2004).
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Status
RF Gun & ACC1TTF2 RF GUN
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 22 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Status
3.9 GHz cavity section and BC2 FODO lattice & ACC2
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 23 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Status
End ACC3 & BC3 ACC4 & ACC5
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 24 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Status
End ACC5 LOLA cavity
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 25 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Status
collimator section main & bypass beamline
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 26 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Status
undulator beam dump
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 27 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
1 1* 2 2* 3 3* 4 50
5
10
15
20
25
TESLA500
EA
CC [M
V/m
]
module
ACC2 ACC1
ACC3
ACC4 ACC5
TTF, Phase 2 / Modules Operating Gradients
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 28 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Courtesy of D. Kostin
1 - Z54 2 - Z51 3 - D42 4 - D37 5 - AC72 6 - C47 7 - Z53 8 - AC690
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
FE
Mod
ule
23.04.2004
Module 2*
EA
CC [M
V/m
]
Cavity
Cryostat tests: Vertical Horizontal Module
EP cavity
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 29 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / ACC1 Operation Courtesy of D. Kostin
• Laser pulse
Short Longitudinal Pulse : Gaussian :
Transverse neither gaussian nor flat :
Time (ps)0 10 20 30 40 50
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Laser
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 30 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Courtesy of S. Schreiber
mm.. mm,. yx
ps.. z
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Energy Gun Vs Forward Power
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 31 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 32
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Pf-Pr [MW]
Mo
me
ntu
m [M
eV
/c]
MeasurementASTRA
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Energy Gun Vs Launch Phase
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 32 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
0 20 40 60 80 100 1200
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
RF Gun Phase [Deg]
Mo
me
ntu
m [M
eV
/c]
MeasurementASTRA
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Energy Vs ACC1 Phase
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 33 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 1597.5
98
98.5
99
99.5
100
100.5
101
101.5
102
102.5
Phase ACC1 [Deg]
Mo
me
ntu
m [M
eV
/c]
MeasurementASTRA
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Energy Spread Vs ACC1 Phase
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 34 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 150
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
Phase ACC1 [Deg]
En
erg
y S
pre
ad
[Me
V]
MeasurementASTRA
z = 19 m
Magnetic length of quads 270 mm, one common power supplyDesign phase advance 45 deg
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Emittance
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 35 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
TTF, Phase 2 / Emittance Measurement Method
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 36 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
• Beam sizes are measured at four screens with fixed quadrupole currents in a FODO lattice
• Emittance and Twiss parameters calculated from the measured beam sizes and beam size errors
• FODO cell with periodic beta function is not a requirement for the emittance measurement
4 OTR + wirescanner stations
TTF, Phase 2 / Matched Beam in FODO
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 37 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
4DBC2 6DBC2
8DBC2 10DBC2
3 bunches, 1 nC
Solenoids at 277 A
6.4 mm
Courtesy of
K. Honkavaara
• Three different image analysis methods used to determine the beam sizes
• Since a systematic study of beam size errors is not finished yet, a conservative 10 % beam size error is assumed
Normalized horizontal and vertical emittances vs. solenoid current.
This data is still subject to further analysis, and thus preliminary!Simulation by Y. Kim
zoom
TTF, Phase 2 / Matched Beam in FODO
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 38 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Courtesy of
K. Honkavaara
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 39 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / First Light Scenarios
Nominal Operation
linearized compression (less sensitive to CSR and Space Charge)“long” SASE pulse (200 fs FWHM)
First Light Scenarios
3.9 GHz cavity not available445 MeV, 30 nm
“short SASE pulse (~50 fs FWHM)
(1) E. Saldin, E. Schneidmiller, M. Yurkov, “Expected Properties of the Radiation from the VUV-FEL at DESY (Femtosecond Mode of Operation)”, Proc. FEL 2004, Trieste, Italy.
(2) J.-P. Carneiro, B. Faatz, K. Floettmann, “Velocity Bunching at TTF2”, Proc. FEL 2004, Trieste, It.
“TTF1 like operation” (1)Q=0.5 nC, laser ~4 ps RMS, BC2 & BC3
“Velocity Bunching” (2)Q=1.0 nC, laser ~4 ps RMS, No Chicanes
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Velocity Bunching
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 40 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
-100 -50 0 50 1000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Phase First Cavity ACC1 [Deg]
z [m
m]
6 nC3 nC1 nC0.5 nC
ASTRA SIMULATIONSRMS bunch length Vs Phase of First Cavity of ACC1
-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 10
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
Cu
rre
nt [
kA]
s [mm]-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Tra
nsv
ers
e E
mitt
an
ce [m
m-m
rad
]
0 50 100 1500
0.5
1
1.5
s [m]
Po
we
r [G
W]
Case Q = 1 nC
ELEGANT OUTPUT ENTRANCE UNDULATOR
(Z=203 m)GENESIS OUTPUT
(B. Faatz)
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 41 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Velocity Bunching
Pyro detector / No velocity buncing Pyro detector / With velocity bunching
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 42 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Velocity Bunching
Energy Vs Phase First Cavity ACC1 Energy Spread Vs Phase First Cavity ACC1
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 00.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Phase first cavity ACC1 [Deg]
En
erg
y sp
rea
d [M
eV
]
MeasurementASTRA
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 088
90
92
94
96
98
100
102
104
106
108
Phase first cavity ACC1 [Deg]
Mo
me
ntu
m [M
eV
/c]
MeasurementASTRA
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 43 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Velocity Bunching
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Velocity Bunching
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 44 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.60
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9x 10
-7
k [m-1]
x2 [m
2 ]
Quad Scan (Q3UBC2 / Screen 3SBC2 / L = ~ 2.7 meters / Q = 1 nC)Normalized Emittance from Quad Scan ~ 13 mm-mrad
Tesla Test Facility, Phase 2 / Résumé
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 45 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
• First results from TTF phase 2 encouraging
Saturation at 30 nm foreseen for late 2004 / early 2005
Shortest wavelengths and long bunch train
Operation with 3.9 Ghz cavity and ACC6 in 2006
XFEL / Version ESFRI workshop (Oct. 2003)
BC1ACC2
RF GUN
S. H. ACC5 ACC57 UNDULATORACC1 ACC3 ACC4BC2
• Total length of the facility ~ 3.3 km (~ 2km tunnel), Energy : 20 GeV.• Version presented at the “European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures” (ESFRI, 30-31 Oct. 2003, DESY Hamburg)
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 46 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
XFEL / Entrance undulator
Current distribution
-40 -20 0 20 400
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
s [m]
Cu
rre
nt [
kA]
CSR-TRACKELEGANT
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 47 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
XFEL / Entrance undulator
-40 -20 0 20 400
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
s [m]
Em
itta
nce
[mm
-mra
d]
CSR-TRACK XCSR-TRACK YELEGANT XELEGANT Y
slice emittance
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 48 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
XFEL / FEL Radiation
BC1ACC2
RF GUN
S. H. ACC5 ACC57 UNDULATORACC1 ACC3 ACC4BC2
Photons • Radiation wavelength : 0.1 nm• FWHM radiation pulse duration : 100 fs• Radiation peak power level : 24 GW
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 49 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
Reference : http://www.desy.de/s2e-simu (XFEL ESFRI Version, Y. Kim / T. Limberg )
• TTF1, TTF2 and XFEL
TTF1 : Saturation at 98 nm in Sept. 2001 + good agreement with simulation codes = great success for the TESLA collaboration.
TTF2 : good results TTF1+ good results conditioning TTF2 = very promising for TTF2 operation (6 nm in 2006).
XFEL : good results TTF2 + good European cooperation = European XFEL in DESY Hamburg in ~ 2012.
CONLUSION
• Major progress concerning a Superconducting Linear Collider :
35 MV/m measured in April 2004 at TTF2 with the 5th cavity of ACC1 operating with and without beam.
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 50 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
EXTRA SLIDES
• PITZ • Coupling Slot Fermilab RF Gun G3 • Superstructures • Old XFEL version (workshop Aug. 2003, DESY Zeuthen)
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 51 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
PITZ Photo-Injector (DESY Zeuthen)
Faraday Cup
Faraday CupDipoleQuadrupole triplet
• Civil construction started in 1999 and RF gun conditioning started in Oct. 2001• First beam Jan 2002• RF gun delivered to DESY Hamburg in Nov. 2003
RF GUN (with coaxial input coupler)
• 1.5 cells, π-mode, 1.3 GHz• 40 MV/m, ~ 3 MW
Main PITZ results• Max energy : ~ 4.7 MeV • Min energy spread : ~ 33 keV/c (1 nC) • Min bunch length : 6.3±1.4 mm• Min Normalized Emittance : 1.5 mm-mrad in X
1.9 mm-mrad in Y• Operation without beam at 10 Hz, 900µs and 3 MW (~27 kW)
LASER and CATHODE• 263 nm• Cs2Te photo-cathode
Transverse emittance measurementslits screen
SOLENOIDES
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 52 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
PITZ Photo-Injector
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 53 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
PITZ Photo-Injector / RF Gun during installation
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 54 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
PITZ Photo-Injector / ANSYS (F. Marhauser, BESSY)
• 14 water channels (1 in the back plane going twice around, 4 around the half cell, 7 around the full cell, 1 in the front plane and 1 in the iris making three loops around it)
• Max. water flow rate per channel: with max. flow velocity and channel cross section
• Total Maximum water flow rate : withhmsldt
dVi
i/]/[.
max,
cAdt
dV max max cA
]/[0.2max sm
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 55 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
PITZ Photo-Injector / Water Cooling System
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 56 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
0 5 10 15 2048
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
Mean Power [kW]
Te
mp
era
ture
[C]
Set PointIncomingOutgoing
0 200 400 600 80048
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
RF Pulse Length [s]
Te
mp
era
ture
[C]
Set PointIncomingOutgoing
PITZ Photo-Injector / RF Gun operation at 10 Hz
Temperature Vs RF pulse length Temperature Vs mean power
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 57 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
DETUNING OF THE PITZ GUN WITH LONG RF PULSES
Reflected power
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 58 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
PITZ Photo-injector / ANSYS simulations at 27 kW
• We operated at PITZ the TTF2 RF gun at 10 Hz, 900 µs, 3.0 MW. Stable operation could be reached for few minutes before vacuum interlocks. More conditioning is still needed at this mean power.
(Temp probe 1 cm in the iris hole)
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 59 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
PITZ Photo-injector / ANSYS simulations at 130 kW
• At 50 Hz operation, ANSYS predicts temperatures in the waveguide iris of ~170 C and stresses of ~130 MPa which are not tolerable
The operation at 50 Hz would necessitate adding more cooling channels.
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 60 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
PITZ Photo-Injector / Longitudinal Momentum
Mean momentum vs RF phase
0, deg
RMS momentum spread vs RF phase
0, deg
4.72 MeV/c
33 keV/c
Courtesy of D. Lipka
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 61 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
PITZ Photo-Injector / Longitudinal Profile Courtesy of F. Stephan
Cherenkov radiation
use of aerogel: SiO2 ,
refractive index ≈ 1.03
Bunch length (mm) in RMS 90 %:
0, deg
Minimum bunch length: FWHM = (21.04 ± 0.45stat ± 4.14syst) ps = (6.31 ± 0.14stat ± 1.24syst) mm
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 62 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
PITZ Photo-Injector / Emittance Vs Bucking Courtesy of F. Stephan
1 nC, -5deg, Imain = 305 A
1,0
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2,0
2,2
2,4
2,6
2,8
3,0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Ibuck / A
no
rma
lize
d e
mit
tan
ce
/ p m
m m
rad
yx
y
x
εε
ε
ε
1.7
1.5
WR=1.2 (Spring 8, 14 MeV)
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 63 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
PITZ upgrade: (2004: 16 MeV, 2005: 40 MeV)
Gun Booster
PITZ Photo-injector / Résumé
RF gun conditioned and delivered to TTF2. Conditioning of new RF gun started in Jan. 2004
Next steps : • reach ~ 1.5 mm-mrad using homogenous laser profile at 40 MV/m. • reach ~ 1.2 mm-mrad using 2 ps rise/fall time (for TTF2) • reach ~ 0.9 mm-mrad (for XFEL) using 60 MV/m (10 MW klystron)
64
Coupling slot Fermilab RF Gun G3
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 65 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
• Injector commissioning (including FODO lattice) from Jan. to June 2004 • Shutdown from June to August 2004 (vacuum work, etc…) • Injector re-commissioning started in Sept. 2004
SUPERSTRUCTURES
• From J. Sekutowicz et Al., PRST-AB, Vol. 7, (2004)
• Superstuctures : now : 2×7 Nb cells connected by λ/2 long tubes later : 2×9 cells
• Advantages (compared to classical 9 cell TESLA cavity) :$ reduce the number of fundamental power couplers
space saving in the TESLA tunnel (up to 1.8 km)
• Results of 2 superstructures 2×7 tested in TTF1 :
field flatness < 2%, good HOM damping
bunch-to-bunch energy variation :
encouraging results
%.. EE
(TESLA SPECIFICATION)
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 66 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
XFEL / Old Version (Aug. 2003)
BC1 BC2ACC2 ACC3 ACC4ACC1
S.H.
ACC7
UNDULATOR
BC3 ACC8 ACC57
RF GUN
• Version presented at the workshop “Start-to-End Simulations of X-RAY FELs” (Aug. 2003, DESY Zeuthen)• Idea : extension of TTF2 at 20 GeV with 3rd bunch compressor.
Jean-Paul Carneiro, FNAL, 16-Sept-04 67 DESY superconducting SASE FEL’s
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