david boyle - localism in the thames gateway
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Understanding localism and the supplicant stateBroadening the debate
David Boyle, new economics foundation 9 December 2010
Why only two cheers for Localism Bill?
• Whitehall is still centralist. Our political language is centralist.
• Local decisions are not enough.
Localism?
“Department for Transport is reviewing the policy on traffic signs and will issue new advice on how to cut down on the clutter later this year.” BBC 26 August 2010
Missing aspects of localism
• How to give back power and initiative to public service staff.
• How to make public services more human scale.
• How to hand more responsibility to service users for delivering broader services, to make real change possible.
• How to localise economic power as well as political power.
Supplicants to Tesco
“Developers are like urban Domestos. They destroy 99% of all known distinctiveness.” Hugh Pearman, Sunday Times
No localism without…
• Tackling the semi-monopolies.
• Local business decisions.
• Local credit.
Number of banks per million people
170 (UK)
520 (Germany)
960 (France)
Outcomes chartNEW SUSTAINABLE LOCAL ECONOMY
High levels of well-being for all within the biosphere limitsAdult health and wellbeing: NI 119 self-reported measure of people’s overall health and well-being; NI186 per capita reduction in CO2 emissions in the LA area
Positive local economic outcomes Positive social outcomes Positive environmental outcomes
Elements Responsible Micro Positive Local Money & Resource Flows
Assets Base & Enablin
g Environmen
t
Public Sector & Large Business Responsiveness
Community & Civil Voice Capacity
Environmental Sustainability Interdependence
Outcomes Diverse & vibrant range of responsible businesses and enterprises responding to market demands to create positive social, economic & environmental outcomes
Increased level of effectiveness in use of money and resources
Strong local economic asset base (attitude, skills, knowledge, physical, financial services, natural) and supportive enabling environment
Public and business bodies working to actively strengthen & invest in the local economy to create positive social, economic & environmental outcomes
Strong leadership, activism, participation, cohesion, capability & resilience of individuals & groups
Positive social & economic change with ecological efficiency. Sustainability and reduced community environmental footprint
Increased understanding of economic, cultural and ecological interconnections that link communities, span the globe and impact on the future.
Relationship to one planet living
Local & sustainable foodEquity & Fair trade
Local and sustainable materialsLocal & sustainable foodSustainable water
Natural Habitats & wildlifeCultural & heritage
Zero carbonZero wasteLocal and sustainable materialsSustainable waterSustainable transportEquity & Fair trade
Zero carbonZero wasteLocal and sustainable materialsLocal & sustainable foodSustainable waterSustainable transport
Natural Habitats & wildlifeEquity & Fair trade
Performance Framework for
Local Authorities:
National
Indicator set
Stronger communities:NI 7 environment for a thriving third sectorChildren & young people:NI 116 Proportion of children in povertyLocal Economy:NI 151 Overall employment rate (PSA 8)NI 152 Working age people on out of work benefits (PSA 8)NI 166 Median earnings of employees in the area
Environmental sustainability:NI 188 planning to adapt to climate change (PSA 27)NI 192 % of household waste sent for reuse, recycling and compostingNI 193 municipal waste land filled
Local Economy:NI 170 Previously developed land that has been vacant or derelict for more than 5 years(if community asset transfer, community land trust)
NI 4: % of people who feel they can influence decisions in their locality (PSA21)NI 7 environment for a thriving third sector
Stronger communities:NI3: Civic participation in the local area (PSA15)NI 4: % of people who feel they can influence decisions in their locality (PSA21)NI 6 participation in regular volunteeringNI 7 environment for a thriving third sectorNI2 % people in area feel that they belong to their neighbourhood
Environmental sustainability:NI 188 planning to adapt to climate change (PSA 27)NI 192 % of household waste sent for reuse, recycling and compostingNI 193 % of municipal waste land filled
Stronger communities:NI2:% people who feel that they belong to their neighbourhoods (PSA21)Safer communitiesNI 23 perceptions that people in the area treat one another with respect and dignity
Indicators of
Progress
Range of large, medium & small enterprises producing goods and services sustainably.
Level of transition from informal to formal sector.
Range of stable and growing sub-sectors, some established, others responding to new demand
Range of social and private actors in enterprise
Local investment and re-investment opportunities
Local multiplier effect of businesses (i.e. up and down stream local money flows)
Level of household expenditure spent locally.
Level of local government and schemes budgets spent locally
Local (re-) use of waste, energy and resources
Level of resource efficiency
Degree of adverse social impact in the community.
Degree of adverse environmental impact in the community
Use of human assets (skills, knowledge, experience, motivation and can-do spirit)
Level of financial assets (investable resources, access to credit)
Knowledge assets (including business & market info & advice services)
Physical assets (good natural, transport, utilities, communications, work and trading spaces) – which incorporate key environmental, economic, social and personal well-being dimensions
Nature of and uptake of fiscal instruments, incentives & schemes.
Public bodies’ demonstrated ability to listen and act on the community’s expressed desired outcomes reflecting these in master-planning and budget setting
Level of co-production in the design and delivery of public services.
Degree of all sector co-ordination & mutual respect, consensus and shared vision
Responsiveness of economic development partnerships to community priorities for sustainability & action
Responsiveness of business to support sustainable local economic development
Public and private body level of volunteering in informal support networks within community
Number of active social entrepreneurs, social enterprises and local voluntary sector organisations.
Propensity of individuals & groups in the community to continue to identify issues & opportunities, and take action
Volunteering from within and by the community
Ability of individuals & groups to work together & resolve conflict
Political voice, space, and equity given to community sector
Access to knowledge, contacts, reciprocal networks, resources & funds to make choices and act effectively
Engagement in debate, shaping the continuing debate, taking control & action
Level of recycled materials
Land-fill rates attributable to local business and the community
Community, business and individuals awareness & consideration of triple bottom line impact of decisions
Mobilisation of under-utilised resources within a community – through resource sharing mechanisms
Level of renewal energy use locally
Biodiversity indices Level of
restoration / creation of green infrastructure
Level of community access to green spaces.
Availability and uptake of sustainably sourced goods and services.
Level of investment in ethical funds.
Degree of linkage between community and outside
Diversity of actors in the network: action focused, strategic, connectors
Access to knowledge, contacts, and reciprocal networks
Responsible Micro Enterprise
Positive Local Money & Resource Flows
Assets Base & Enabling Environment
Public Sector & Large Business Responsiveness
Community & Civil Voice Capacity
Environmental Sustainability
Interdependence
Actions Support responsible micro-enterprises and start-ups through coaching and networks
Community-based access to finance
Examples: Attract
appropriate inward investment
Support social enterprise and social entrepreneurs
Irrigation workshop – developers / community
LM3 study of development
Household expenditure study
Examples: enhance local
sourcing by existing businesses and government schemes & programmes
Link local people to local jobs
Channel local consumer power to buy local
Recycle ‘waste’ and produce local energy
Economic literacy eventsExamples: Support enterprising
behaviour. Skills matching & training
opportunities / apprenticeships
Create intermediary financial institutions including micro-credit
Create affordable community workspaces
Create sustainable community-owned assets
Carbon-neutral physical asset development
Physical regeneration including decentralised energy generation, zero carbon housing - retrofitting existing and new build
Incorporating personal well-being into building design criteria
Irrigation workshop – developers / community
LM3 study of development
Examples : Sustainable forward
commitment procurement Examples:enterprising
thinking / behaviour / approaches
Support partnership Support for facilitation &
brokering skills Support legitimacy to
community plans & visions
Encourage local business to have larger positive impacts on the economy
Develop local and regional networks of local and mainstream agency support
Irrigating large inward investment projects.
Economic literacy eventsExamples : Council’s Green
champions networkExamples: Support community
leaders & community organisations
Promote consensus building & planning tools
Provide access to knowledge, technology, case studies, best practise, contacts and funds
Actively using policies such as the Sustainable Communities Act
Domestic energy generation / energy saving
Carbon-neutral development schemes
Examples : Sustainable homes (HAB) Waste reduction and
recycling of household waste
Intention to implement warmzones programme
Examples: Re-engineer supply
infrastructure: energy, transport, food, waste.
Water recycling solutions. Community re-cycling
schemes Support local access to
knowledge of ethical investment funds
Support local access to ethical consumer information.
Supporting co-operative enterprise models
Supporting development of responsible business support networks.
Supporting community to community ethical trading initiatives
Communities engaging in the global interdependence debate.
Tools & Resourc
es
support models & basic business literacy
Networking existing entrepreneurs
Social enterprise support agencies
Balanced scorecard
Coaching based business support services e.g. BizFizz
Business networks and mentoring
Self-employed mutual
Plugging the Leaks Sustainable
Commissioning Model
Procurement Cupboard
Social Audit, LM3 Buy Local
campaigns, directories and loyalty cards
Local cash machines
Intermediate labour markets
Bulk utility purchases
in schools scheme - learning to lead
Asset transfer models Reimagined High Street Street markets Lending circles and credit
unions Intermediate Labour
market e.g. apprenticeships
CDFI tools Timebanks Community Land Trusts
Broker relationships between community and strategic partnerships
Common Purpose round tables
Irrigating inward investment
LM3 Participatory budgeting Consensus voting Business networks and
mentoring
Passion finder workshop Coaching support Unltd, Ashoka fellowships Planning for Real Community Planning
Handbook Power, Citizenship and
Democracy tools ActionAid Reflect Organisational
Transformation tools Timebanks
Our sustainable Neighbourhood
Eco- footprinting Balanced scorecard Environmental Impact
Assessments Environmental
management systems Ethical consumer guides Ethical investments Organisational eco-
mapping Energy Supply companies Grid exchange Climate change democs One planet living
principles
Eco-footprinting Young co-operatives Just change trading Forestry standards
Council and provenance schemes
Unique Social enterprise network model
www.oneworld.net
Proposition 1
It isn’t how much money you have going into an area that counts, it’s how you use it.
Flow
Money flows in
Money entering the economy
Money flows out again
THE LEAKY BUCKETMoney leaks out of an
economy in many different ways
Knowlsey study (2001): only 8% stays put
Cornwall study (2001):
£1 in supermarket = £1.40
£1 in veggie box = £2.50
Prince Charles circulating money
Dependence and independence
The circulation of blood
Proposition 2
Not all economic resources are monetary.
BizFizz
BizFizz network map
Marsh Farm
Keeping the money flowing
Plugging the leaks
Proposition 3
Innovative local institutions matter.
Evergreen co-operatives
Cleveland
Mondragon
Evergreen again
Evergreen principles
• The new co-operatives that employ local people.
• Redirecting the spending power of the local hospital to launch them and underpin them.
Avoiding supplicant status
“Some men see things as they are and ask why. Others dream things that never were and ask why not.” George Bernard Shaw
Find out more…
New Economics Foundation www.neweconomics.org
Plugging the leaks www.pluggingtheleaks.org.uk
Local money flows www.lm3.org.uk
BizFizz www.bizfizz.org.uk
Evergreen www.evergreencoop.com
Louisville business alliancewww.keeplouisvilleweird.com
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