cycles describe the transfer and changes from one storage reservoir to another examples: rock cycle,...

Cycles

• Describe the transfer and changes from one storage reservoir to another

• Examples: rock cycle, water cycle, carbon cycle

Rock cycle

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Rock cycle

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Water cycle

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• Average amount of time spent in a reservoir

• Residence time =

amount in reservoir/amount added (removed) per unit time

Residence time

Amount out/time

Amount in/timeAmount in reservoir

Residence time at Berkeley

• 20,000 students

• 5,000 enter (leave)/year

• Residence time?

Residence time = 20,000 students/5,000 students/year

= 4 years

Residence time of water in the ocean

• Volume in ocean: 1.3x109 km3

• Discharge from rivers: 3.5x104 km3/yr

• Residence time: volume/discharge= 1.3x109 km3/ 3.5x104 km3/yr

= 30 ka

Carbon cycle

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Long term Carbon cycle

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Carbon cycle: volumes

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Last 400,000 years

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