css metaframeworks: king of all @media

CSS FRAMEWORKS: KING OF ALL @media^Dallas.rb ★ February 2, 2010

WYNNNETHERLAND

Wednesday, February 3, 2010

before we start

http://thechangelog.com @changelogshow

We need to know about your cool projects!

Your project could end up here!

thanks!

Have you heard?

CSS3 is big

New propertiesHot

border-radius

border-image

background-size

gradients

RGBA, HSL, HSLA colors

rgba (0,0,0,1) is the new black!

text-shadow

box-shadow

wordwrap

outline

columns

@font-face

Typographic freedom!

New selectorsCool

.class #id E F

E > F E + F

E[attribute] E[attribute=value] E[attribute~=value] E[attribute|=value]

:first-child :link

:visited :lang() :before ::before :after ::after

:first-letter

::first-letter :first-line ::first-line

E[attribute^=value] E[attribute$=value] E[attribute*=value]

E ~ F :root

:last-child :only-child :nth-child()

:nth-last-child() :first-of-type :last-of-type :only-of-type :nth-of-type()

:nth-last-of-type() :empty :not() :target

:enabled :disabled :checked

CSS3 selectors (and some golden oldies)

:header

Steal this from jQuery, please

Some smash hits from the design blogs

30 tips for SemanticTM markup and classes

101 CSS resets

40 Grid layouts you must see

7 UP-lifting reasons to use CSS Sprites

Have the <TABLE>'s turned?

30 sites for great typography

RT @linkbait: Effortless drop shadows, gradients, and rounded corners

But this is not a talk about CSS

Follow @smashingmag for your CSS tips & tricks

REAL stylesheet innovationI want to talk about

HOW we write stylesheetsI want to talk about

how we MAINTAIN stylesheetsI want to talk about

how we SIMPLIFY stylesheetsI want to talk about

History of radioA brief

In the beginning...

AM = Amplitude Modulation

Invented in 1906

Dominant format until 1978

Still rockin' after 100 years!

Then came

FM = Frequency Modulation

Does not suffersusceptibility to atmospheric and

electrical interference.

Patented in 1933.Approved in 1941.Standardized in 1961.World domination in 1978.Unchallenged for thirty years.

Until...

XM = Beyond FM

Hey, it was the 90s,Xs were in!

Founded in 1988.Launched in 2001.Merged with Sirius in 2009.

Superior sound.

No commercials.

Listen to Kasem's Top 40from coast to coast.

What the heck does this have to do with stylesheets, anyway?

I see some parallels.

History of web presentationA brief

In the beginning...

HTML + <TABLE>for layout

Invented in 1989

<TABLE> added in 1997

Still rockin' after 20 years!

Then came

HTML + CSS

HTML + CSS = Content + Presentation

CSS 1 published in 1996.

No more <FONT> tags.

font styling, color, borders & more!

CSS 2 published in 1998.

Improved selectors

.class #id E F

E > F E + F

E[attribute] E[attribute=value] E[attribute|=value]

:first-child :link

:visited :lang() :before ::before :after ::after

:first-letter :first-line

CSS2 selectors

... and even more stuff no browsers supported until years later.

Which brings us back to...

CSS 3 published in 20??

Web 2.0 brought new demands

Round corners

Drop shadows

Gradients

But we already covered that.

That's the 75 slide introduction

14 years of CSS has basically given us

more selectors + more properties

Until now...

Metaframeworks =high fidelity stylesheets

Metaframeworks output CSS.

Nested rules

table.users tr td a {color: #111}

table.users tr.alt td a {color: #333}

Nested rules - selectors

table.users tr td a color: #111 td.alt a color: #333

Look, Ma,no braces

or semicolons

But you can useboth if you wanna

table.users tr td color: #111 &.alt color: #333 &:hover color: #666

.users font: size: 1.2em style: italics weight: bold

Nested rules - properties

Variables

.user { background: #333; border-size: 2px;}

.owner { background: #333; border-size: 2px;}

.admin { background: #666; border-size: 4px;}

Variables

!gray = #333!default_border = 2px

.user background: = !gray border-size: = !default_border

.owner background: = !gray border-size: = !default_border

.admin background: = !gray + #333 border-size: = !default_border + 2px

Variables

Even math!and color mixing!

Mixins

.avatar { padding: 2px; border: solid 1px #ddd; position: absolute; top: 5px; left: 5px;}

p img { padding: 2px; border: solid 1px #ddd;}

Mixins

=frame(!padding_width = 2px, !border_color = #ddd) padding = !padding_width border: width: 1px style: solid color = !border_color

.avatar +frame position: absolute top: 5px left: 5px

p img +frame(1px, #ccc)

Mixins

defines the mixin

mixes in the rules

Imports

@import url(/css/reset.css)@import url(/css/typography.css)@import url(/css/layout.css)

Imports

parent + 3 @imports = 4 http requests

@import reset.sass # _reset.sass@import typography.sass # _typography.sass@import layout.sass # _layout.sass

Imports

Included at compile time - just one http request

Imports + Mixins

Now it gets fun!

@import compass/css3.sass

.callout +border-radius(5px) +linear-gradient("left top", "left bottom", #fff, #ddd)

.callout { -moz-border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; -border-radius: 5px; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, bottom, from(#fff), to(#ddd)); background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0.00, #fff), color-stop(1.00, #ddd));}

Compass CSS3 mixins

very different syntax

css3/border_radius.sasscss3/inline_block.sasscss3/opacity.sasscss3/text_shadow.sasscss3/box_shadow.sasscss3/columns.sasscss3/box_sizing.sasscss3/gradient.sasscss3/background_clip.sasscss3/background_origin.sasscss3/background_size.sasscss3/font_face.sasscss3/transform.sasscss3/transition.sass

Compass CSS3 mixins

Bring your favorite CSS Framework

A Blueprint example

@import blueprint/reset.sass@import partials/base.sass@import blueprint@import blueprint/modules/scaffolding.sass

#wrapper +container #content +column(7) +append(1) #featured +column(5, true) #sidebar +column(3, true) +prepend(1)

A Blueprint example

Functions

Very. Powerful. Functions.

hue(#cc3) => 60degsaturation(#cc3) => 60%lightness(#cc3) => 50%

adjust-hue(#cc3, 20deg) => #9c3saturate(#cc3, 10%) => #d9d926desaturate(#cc3, 10%) => #bfbf40lighten(#cc3, 10%) => #d6d65cdarken(#cc3, 10%) => #a3a329

grayscale(#cc3) => desaturate(#cc3, 100%) = #808080complement(#cc3) => adjust-hue(#cc3, 180deg) = #33c

mix(#cc3, #00f) => #e56619mix(#cc3, #00f, 10%) => #f91405mix(#cc3, #00f, 90%) => #d1b72d

Sass 2.4 color functions

http://nex-3.com/posts/89-powerful-color-manipulation-with-sassWednesday, February 3, 2010

mix(rgba(51, 255, 51, 0.75), #f00) => rgba(178, 95, 19, 0.875)mix(rgba(51, 255, 51, 0.90), #f00) => rgba(163, 114, 22, 0.95)

alpha(rgba(51, 255, 51, 0.75)) => 0.75opacity(rgba(51, 255, 51, 0.75)) => 0.75

opacify(rgba(51, 255, 51, 0.75), 0.1) => rgba(51, 255, 51, 0.85)fade-in(rgba(51, 255, 51, 0.75), 0.1) => rgba(51, 255, 51, 0.85)

transparentize(rgba(51, 255, 51, 0.75), 0.1) => rgba(51, 255, 51, 0.65)fade-out(rgba(51, 255, 51, 0.75), 0.1) => rgba(51, 255, 51, 0.65)

Sass 2.4 color functions with alpha support!

http://nex-3.com/posts/89-powerful-color-manipulation-with-sassWednesday, February 3, 2010

Share your patterns

http://brandonmathis.com/projects/fancy-buttons/

Image sprites

EXAMPLE 1

a.twitter +sprite-img("icons-32.png", 1)a.facebook +sprite-img("icons-32png", 2)...

EXAMPLE 2a +sprite-background("icons-32.png") a.twitter +sprite-column(1) a.facebook +sprite-row(2) ...

Image sprites

Who makes this syntactic sugar?

Sass and Compass

$ sudo gem install haml$ sudo gem install compass --pre

CALL IT FROM THE COMMAND LINE

$ sass screen.sass screen.css

OR COMPASS-IZE YOUR PROJECT

$ compass --rails -f blueprint

OR WATCH A FOLDER

$ compass --watch

Sass and Compass

$ sudo gem install compass-wordpress

CRANK OUT A NEW SASS-Y WORDPRESS THEME

$ compass -r compass-wordpress \ -f wordpress -p thematic \ --sass-dir=sass --css-dir=css \ -s compressed my_awesome_theme

AUTOCOMPILE YOUR CHANGES

$ compass --watch

Compass and WordPress shameless plug

$ sudo gem install less

CALL IT FROM THE COMMAND LINE

$ lessc screen.less

GRAB THE RAILS PLUGIN

$ script/plugin install git://github.com/cloudhead/more.git

Get LESS

@the-border: 1px;@base-color: #111;

#header { color: @base-color * 3; border-left: @the-border; border-right: @the-border * 2;}

#footer { color: (@base-color + #111) * 1.5;}

Using LESS - variables

.rounded_corners (@radius: 5px) { -moz-border-radius: @radius; -webkit-border-radius: @radius; border-radius: @radius;}

#header { .rounded_corners;}

#footer { .rounded_corners(10px);}

Using LESS - mixins

#header { color: red; a { font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; }}

Using LESS - nested rules

logo wins

best in show!

Works with PHP

So that's another meetup

What's the future?

First, grow the category

Hang in there,only six more slides!

http://www.flickr.com/photos/szacharias/4073373487/sizes/l/

Next, recruit some talent

Seek designer converts

Watch the egos

Continue to push the envelope

Mind the gap

Resources

http://compass-style.orghttp://sass-lang.comhttp://lesscss.orghttp://xcss.antpaw.org

http://wynnnetherland.com

and thanks for having me!

Questions? I'm @pengwynn on Twitter

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