csa symposium 2016 - michael williams day 2 session 1a

Promoting Cassava (Manihot esculenta) as the Most Resilient Root Crop for Increasingly

Harsher Climates – A survey of the cassava germplasm at Bodles

Research Station, St. Catherine

Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

Michael P.I. Williams and Collin Scantlebury

Issues• The climate change reality (harsher, hotter, dryer

climates, associated pests and diseases)• Search for crops that can survive and cope in these

conditions• Cassava – the most resilient available (CIAT and

CGIAR’s, 2012)• Grossly under-rated and under-developed crop • Need to increase/promote production and

consumption of cassava• Different types of cassava available to suit a range of

consumer requirements Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine.

Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

Methodology• Over several years collected and conserved 20 accessions of cassava - both

local and imported: Maintained duplicate/redundant collections at different locations

• Periodically characterize and evaluate the different cassava cultivars: Three months, Six and Nine months characterisation Leaf Retention and Prominence of foliar leaf scars

• Post harvest characteristics: - DM, starch, HCN Dry Matter Adapted from ASTM D2974(1995) Anthone Method of Extraction for Starch Colorimetric method for free and Potential Cyanide

Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

Results

Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

Results

Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

Results

CM 61

19-5

CM 33

06-4

Priso

n Far

mM

PER

183

MCO

L 150

5M

COL 2

215

CM 52

3-7

Varie

ty A

BRA

383

HCM

-7CM

2772

-3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

accessions

mea

n dr

y m

atter

(DM

) con

tent

(%)

Dry matter content of selected cassava cultivars (mean ± st dev.)

Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

Results

CM 27

72-3

Varie

ty A

BRA

383

MCO

L 150

5

MPE

R 18

3

CM 52

3-7

Priso

n Far

m

CM 33

06-4

HCM

-7

MCO

L 221

5

CM 61

19-5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

accession

cass

ava

tube

r sta

rch

conc

. (m

g/g)

Starch content of selected cassava cultivars (mean ± st dev.)

Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

Results

HMC-7 MPER 183

CM 6119-5

BRA 383 Prison Farm

Variety A

CM2772-3

CM3306-4

MCOL 2215

MCOL 1505

CM 523-7

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

accession

mea

n HC

N (m

g/m

l)

HCN content of selected cassava cultivars (mean ± st dev.)

Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

Lessons learnt

• There is variability in agronomic traits between the cultivars

• All the cultivars in the Bodles Research Station collection are sweet and not bitter

• The collection contains high starch cultivars that are suitable for many industrial applications

• Cassava has been underutilized and there is great potential for research

Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

Recommendations

• Greater use of cassava in Jamaicans diet, and as feed stock for animals substituting corn and sorghum

• Increased utilization of marginal lands with aim of bioremediation

• Exploit cultivars that can be grown both as ornamentals and food crops in landscaped environments (Edible Garden)

Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

The Way Forward

• More educational program for children about the benefits of eating cassava

• More research- scientific and marketing research• Looking to use Cassava as a substitute crop for

Wheat, Barley, Corn and Sorghum because of lower cost of production and high yield

• Creating a demand in the diaspora and local market for cassava products which will increase farmers income.

Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

THE END

• THANK YOU

Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: bodlesresarch@moa.gov.jm; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm

MINISTRY OF IDUSTRY, COMMERCE, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIESRESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DIVISIONBODLES RESEARCH STATIONOLD HARBOUR P.O., ST CATHERINEJAMAICATel: (876) 983-2267, 983-2281, 983-2842, Fax: 983-2822 E-mail:bodlesresearch@moa.gov.jmWebsite: http//:www.moa.gov.jm