creative commons may08

Creative Commons: Community by Contract?

Stockholm, 8 May 2008Mathias Klang

klang@ituniv.se

One of the copyright problems today is…

Swedish Copyright

Lag (1960) om upphovsrätt till litterära och konstnärliga verk

UPPHOVSRÄTTEN

Ekonomisk rätt Ideell rätt

Exemplarframställning Tillgängliggörande

Spridningsrätt

Visningsrätt

Framföranderätt

Rätt tillnamnangivelse

Skydd för kränkandeändring

Skydd för kränkandeanvändning

Överföring till allmänheten

What is protected?

• The literary, artistic & ”spiritual creation”

• The creative form - but not motif/subject, facts or ideas

• Idea/expression dichotomy

Facts

How

• Automatic… but…• The work is “new/innovative”

– Not too simple

• Creative Level– Verkshöjd

Protection Length

• Creator - 70 years post mortem (year of death + 71)

• Anonymous works - 70 years after publication

• Photographers – 50 years after the picture was taken

• There are other lengths and exceptions…

Idea/expression dichotomy…

Ideas

Donald Duck by Walt Disney Arne Anka by Charlie Christensen

Motifs…

Mona Lisa - Leonardo da Vinci ca 1503

Marcel Duchamp 1919

David Teixidor Buenaventura 2001

Mona Lisa Ascii

Peter Blake Party with La Giaconda 1999

Mujahidin Mona Lisa by Banksy

Fountain - Duchamp (1917)

“The creative act is not performed by the artist alone; the spectator brings the work in contact with the external world

by deciphering and interpreting its inner qualifications and thus adds his contribution to the creative act”

Theoretical Foundations

• Culture is communication

• Intertextuality & Meaning: The meaning of the artifact lies in the observer (Barthes) and meaning is created through several texts (Kristeva).

Whose copyright?

• Property owner• Mathias Klang• Shepard Fairey• Anonymous artist• Anonymous artists

then we add technology…

In the beginning there was technology…

Life is organised around technology

and it always has been!

(this is not technological determinism)

Copyright is the logical expression of the analog world. It was created as a

result of the printing press.

(Victor Hugo & Berne)

Disruptive Technology

The disruption occurs when the technology, which is

introduced effects the social arrangements around which

we build our lives

Impulse: Control

What’s wrong with Command and Control?

It relies to heavily upon coercion and cooperation.

Popular move from passive culture consumers to cultural

developers…

Whatever would Duchamp say?

Remix conflict

I've been around so long, I knew Doris Day before she

was a virgin.

Graucho Marx

Creative Commons

Property

Licensing system

Alternatives

Choose license

More info

Japanese

Bulgarian

Finnish

What is created?

• License Deed - Human readable• The License - Lawyer readable• Metatext - Machine readable

Esperanto

Castellans

Colombia

License

Metatext

<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/se/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/2.5/se/88x31.png" /></a><br /><span xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" href="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Sound" property="dc:title" rel="dc:type">klang i duschen</span> by <a xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" href="http://www.digital-rights.net" property="cc:attributionName" rel="cc:attributionURL">Klang</a> is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/se/">Creative Commons Erkännande-Ickekommersiell-Dela Lika 2.5 Sverige License</a>.

SearchGoogle - advanced

Yahoo - advanced

Flickr 7/5:

• 19 293 116 bilder– (+ 605 972 sedan

17/4-08)– Ca 30 000 per dag

• 107 894 Stockholm • 94 949 University• 34 Stockholm

UniversityUniversity Reflecting Pool - 917press

Foto: 917press & Klang

Day in the park

Texts

• A Briefer History of Time - Eric Schulman• The Wealth of Networks - Yochai Benkler• Capitalism 3.0 - Peter Barnes• Community Created Content - Heitanen et al• Code version 2 - Lawrence Lessig• No Lobbyists as Such - Florian Muller• Peers, Pirates and Persuasion - John Logie• Trigger Happy - Steven Poole• Yttrandefrihet på Nätet - Anders R. Olsson

Criticism

• Political criticism - CC has not ensured ideological control (no copyleft)

• • Common Sense - Not needed - too complicated

• Pro-copyright position - CC is not a useful alernative and undermines copyright

• Confusion - Too many licenses confuses the situation

Alison Chiang

Growth

Thank you!

Mathias Klangklang@ituniv.se