coventry united petroleum presentation on oil spill treatment techniques by ugwuezi nwagbara5312137...
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COVENTRY UNITED
PETROLEUM
PRESENTATION ON OIL SPILL TREATMENT TECHNIQUES
BY
Ugwuezi Nwagbara 5312137
Ekaterina Paravina 6178488
Chenguang Li 6091497
Tejiri Ziregbe 6037336
Onyeka Ufondu6006066
INTRODUCTION
Oil Industry Overview
Oil Spillages
Treatment Techniques
Recommendations
Conclusion
CAUSES OF OIL SPILLAGESOil spill is an accidental release of oil into the environment
Activities that may cause oil spill:
Drilling Rig (Upstream)
Oil transportation by tankers, barges and pipelines (Midstream)
Oil Storage tanks (Midstream & Downstream)
Oil spill incidents are caused by:
Human Errors
Break down of equipment
Natural disasters
Terrorists attacks and vandalism (Daveand and Ghaly 2011)
MECHANICAL TREATMENT
The mechanical concept is the first line of defence against the spread of oil spills (Fingas 2011). There is a number of techniques being used:
Booms
Skimmers
Sorbents
Physical methods
Limitations
Weather conditions
Expensive
Labour intensive
Complex
High HSE risk
MECHANICAL TREATMENT
Sorbents
Skimmer
Booms
Physical Method
CHEMICAL TREATMENTTHE USE OF DISPERSANTS AND GELLING AGENTS ARE THE MAIN CHEMICAL TREATMENT
TECHNIQUES (FINGAS 2011)
Dispersants
Functions
Products
Regulations (quantities)
Limitations
Weather
Water temperature
Possible long term environmental effects
Gelling Agents
Limitations
Not suitable for large scale spill
Requires large quantitates to be effective
Dispersants
Gelling agents in action
THERMAL TREATMENT Thermal treatment is a simple and rapid method of oil
spill remediation by burning the oil in situ (Doerffer 1992), and this requires:
Fire resistant booms
Burning agents
Limitations
Human health
Further ecological problems
Fear of secondary fires
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT
This method is mainly characterised by the use of organisms (Nomack 2011):
Bacteria
Fungi
Yeast
Limitations:
Slow process
Limited application
RECOMMENDATIONS
In order to effectively manage oil spills, company has to take into consideration the following:
The type of oil
Location of Spill
Government regulations
The types of treatment
Environmental impact
CONCLUSION
When oil spill occurs, its containment and treatment must be swift and effectively deployed to stop further environmental damage. Appropriate equipment, personnel and effective management are crucial components for such operation.
REFERENCES
• Doerffer, J.W. (1992) Oil spill response in the marine environment. 1st edn. Oxford: Pergamon Press Ltd.
• Dave, D. and Ghaly, A.E. (2011) ‘Remediation Technologies for Marine Oil Spills: A Critical Review and Comparative Analysis’ American Journal of Environmental Sciences 7 (5)
• Fingas, M. (2011) Oil Spills Science and Technology. 1st edn. Oxford: Elsevier Inc.
• Nomack, M. (2010) Oil Spill Control Technologies [online] available from <http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/158385/> [7 March 2015]
THANK YOU
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