course syllabus reporting form

Course Syllabus Reporting Form New York University College of Dentistry

Course Title: Fundamentals of International Dental Public Health Practice Course Number: U10.2510.001 No. of Credits: 3 Academic Term: Spring Course Hours: One 2-hour lecture per week for a full semester Course Director: YiHong Li, DDS, MPH, Dr.PH Department: Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology Address: 345 East 24th Street Room 1005 E-mail: yihong.li@nyu.edu Phone: (212) 998-9607 Office Hours: By appointment Course Requirements:

1. Students are expected to attend all class sessions. There are no makeup opportunities for missed sessions.

2. Students are responsible for all assigned readings and lecture materials.

3. Students must do all of the required readings before each class and participate in class discussions about the readings and the issues that are raised.

Course Evaluation:

Final grade will be based on class participation (40%) and written work (60%). The written work includes:

1. short assays (2-page summary) based on class required readings;

2. two case-study presentations on specific topics related to oral health issues as midterm examinations;

3. a term-paper (10-15 pages, typed, double-spaced) on oral health program development or oral health care system in a country of their choice.

Required Texts:

1. Brian A. Burt & Stephen A. Eklund. Dentistry, Dental Practice, and the Community. 6th Edition. 2005.

2. Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General. 2000.

3. Cynthia Pine. Community Oral Health. 1997. ISN: 0-7236-1095-9.

4. World Oral Health Report 2003 (Downloadable an online PDF file).

Recommended Texts:

1. Carole A. Palmer. Diet and Nutrition in Oral Health. 2003.

2. George M. Gluck & Warren M. Morganstein. Jong’s Community Dental Health 5th edition. 2002.

3. Norman O. Harris and Franklin Garcia-Godoy. Primary Preventive Dentistry. 2004.

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Course Description: Dental, oral and craniofacial diseases and disorders are amongst the most common health problems in all regions of the world. Caries, periodontal infections, orofacial pain, temporomandibular joint diseases (TMD), and salivary gland dysfunction in the form of Sjogren's syndrome, significantly affect the quality of life of people around the world due to their high prevalence and incidence. Some of these conditions are more prevalent in certain countries or regions, while others are found virtually in all countries, but to varying degrees. Other oral health burdens are imposed by a variety of oral diseases and disorders with oral manifestations, such as HIV/AIDS, birth defects, head and face injuries, and head and neck cancers. As oral health is part of total health and is essential to quality of life, the World Health Organization, through international collaborative partnerships, gives priority to integration of oral health with general health programs at community or national levels for oral health promotion and disease prevention. This course will cover several thematic units (basic philosophy, epidemiology of oral diseases, etiologies of oral disease, social and culture risk factors, prevention of oral disease in public health), each of which will include a lecture component and a group discussion component. Course Goals: To teach the students the core theory and practice of public health dentistry with an emphasis on basic knowledge and skills necessary for conducting oral epidemiological and experimental research; planning and evaluating dental public health programs; and understanding the organization, delivery, and financing of dental health care. Course Objectives: By the end of this course, the student will be able to:

1. understand the core functions of dental public health and define the following key terms: program planning, program goals and objectives, community, resource evaluation, needs assessment, program implementation and program evaluation.

2. determine the association between social, economic and behavioral risk factors and national prevalence of dental caries, periodontal disease, oral cancer, and other oral and craniofacial diseases and disorders;

3. understand the cross national dental care delivery systems and the variety of financing mechanisms that are available to meet the needs of specific population groups;

4. discuss the benefits and efficacy/effectiveness of health promotion program including tobacco cessation, diet and nutrition counseling, use of fluorides, sealants and other measures that promote optimal health and prevent oral diseases in the community;

5. describe basic strategies and administrative means for community-based preventive program;

6. understand the seven-step model for assessing oral-health-care needs and apply theories of community-based oral health promotion programs for targeted populations;

7. discuss the advantages and disadvantages for the development of national guidelines for preventive oral diseases.

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Course Schedule

Date Time Lecture Topic Faculty

1. 1/24 6:45-8:25 p.m. Introduction and overview Dr. Y. Li

2. 1/31 6:45-8:25 p.m. The methods of oral epidemiology - I. Dr. Y. Li

3. 2/7 6:45-8:25 p.m. The methods of oral epidemiology - II. Dr. Y. Li

4. 2/14 6:45-8:25 p.m. Socioeconomic impact on oral diseases, conditions, and treatment

Dr. G. Cruz

5. 2/21 6:45-8:25 p.m. Community-based risk factor identification for dental caries

Dr. Y. Li

6. 2/28 6:45-8:25 p.m. Global Oral Data Bank

Case study* -- Comparison of oral disease profiles between industrialized and developing countries

Dr. Y. Li

7. 3/7 6:45-8:25 p.m. The scientific basis for preventive programs for oral diseases I – fluoride, ART, and sealant

Dr. Y. Li

8. 3/14 6:45-8:25 p.m. The scientific basis for preventive programs for oral diseases II

Case study* -- Review clinical trials

Dr. Y. Li

3/21 Spring recess – no class

9. 3/28 6:45-8:25 p.m. The seven-step model for assessing oral-health-care needs for special needs populations and a WHO Guideline

Dr. Y. Li

10. 4/3 6:45-8:25 p.m. Oral health and general health, the systemic links.

Dr. Y. Li

11. 4/10 6:45-8:25 p.m. Nutrition, diet and oral health -- Global impact Dr. Y. Li

12. 4/17 6:45-8:25 p.m. New guidelines and evidence-based recommendations for infection control in dental health-care settings

Dr. Y. Li

13. 4/24 6:45-8:25 p.m. Continuous improvement of oral health in the 21st century – the role of WHO and PAHO in promoting oral health

Dr. G. Cruz

14. 5/2 6:45-8:25 p.m. Oral health surveillance systems and oral health indicators

Dr. J. Kumar

15. 5/9 6:45-8:25 p.m. Final Exam – Students’ term papers due Dr. Y. Li

*Student presentation - a critical review of a topic from dental literatures.

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Course Topics and Readings: 1. Introduction and overview: Basic principles of international dental public health – the

scope of the discipline, definition of dental public health, structure and organization of the dental public health professions. Readings: • Blueprint for oral health infrastructure. Social Entrepreneurs. Inc. 2002. • Brian A. Burt & Stephen A. Eklund. Dentistry, Dental Practice, and the Community. 6th Ed.

2005. Section 1 & 2. • WHO. Continuous improvement of oral health in the 21st century - the approach of the

WHO Global Oral Health Programme. WHO Report 2003. • WHO. Global goals for oral health 2020. International Dental Journal. 2003.53:285-8.

2. The methods of oral epidemiology - I. Indices, measurements of oral diseases. Readings:• Brian A. Burt & Stephen A. Eklund. Dentistry, Dental Practice, and the Community. 6th Ed.

2005. Section 3. • Mandel ID. Caries Prevention: Current Strategies, New Directions. J Am Dent Assoc

1996; 127(10): 1477-88. • WHO. Oral Health Surveys – Basic Methods. 4th ed. Geneva: WHO, 1997.

3. The methods of oral epidemiology - II. The distribution and trend of oral diseases in the United States and the global profile. Readings:

• Pilot J. The Periodontal Disease Problem. A Comparison between Industrialized and Developing Countries. Int Dent J 1998; 48: 221-32.

• WHO. WHO Oral Health Country/Area Profile. http://www.whocollab.od.mah.se/index.html

• Dye BA, Tan S, Smith V, Lewis BG, Barker LK, Thornton-Evans G, et al. Trends in Oral Health Status: United States, 1988-1994 and 1999-2004. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 11 (248). 2007.

• Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General. 2000. • Brian A. Burt & Stephen A. Eklund. Dentistry, Dental Practice, and the Community. 6th

Ed. 2005. Section 4. • Caplan D, Weintraub J. The Oral Health Burden in the United States: A Summary of

Recent Epidemiologic Studies. Journal of Dental Education 1993. Vol. 57, No 12. • Ismail, A., W. Sohn, M. Tellez, A. Amaya, A. Sen, H. Hasson, and N. Pitts. The

International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS): an integrated system for measuring dental caries. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 2007. 35:170-178.

4. Socioeconomic impact on oral diseases, conditions, and treatment.

Readings:

• Diehnelt, D. E. and Kiyak, H. A. Socioeconomic factors that affect international caries levels. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2001;29:226-33.

• Ismail, A. I. and Sohn, W. The impact of universal access to dental care on disparities in caries experience in children. J Am Dent Assoc. 2001; 132: 295-303.

• Johnston JA. Improving Utilization of Dental Services By Understanding Cultural Difference. Int Dent J 1993 Oct; 43(5):506-11.

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• Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General. 2000. • Resnicow K, Baranowski T, Ahluwalia JS, Braithwaite RL. Cultural Sensitivity in Public

Health: Defined and Demystified. Ethn Dis 1999 Winter; 9(1):10-21. • Tennstedt SL, Brambilla DL, Jette AM, McGuire SM. Understanding Dental Service Use

By Older Adults: Sociobehavioral Factors vs Need. J Public Health Dent 1994 Fall; 54(4): 211-9.

5. Community-based risk factor identification for dental caries.

Readings:

• Caries Diagnosis and Risk Assessment. A Review of Preventive Strategies and Management. J Am Dent Assoc 1995 Jun; 126:1S-24S.

• N.W. Johnson. Risk Markers for Oral Disease. Vol. I . Cambridge University Press. 1991.

6. Case studies* -- Global Oral Data Bank. Comparison of oral disease profiles between

industrialized and developing countries. *Student presentation - a critical review of oral health profiles of selected countries based on the dental literature and information available in the Global Oral Data Bank.

7. The scientific basis for preventive programs for oral diseases I. – The impact of community water fluoridation, ART and school-based sealant programs on caries prevention. Readings:

• Brian A. Burt & Stephen A. Eklund. Dentistry, Dental Practice, and the Community. 6th Ed. 2005. Sections 24-25.

• Fluoridation Debate. Environmental Health Perspect. 1997; 105:1176. • Horowitz HS. The Effectiveness of Community Water Fluoridation in the United States.

J Public Health Dent 1996; 56: 253-8. • Proceedings of the Consensus Conference of the Canadian Dental Association,

Toronto, Canada, 28-29 November 1997. Appropriate Use of Fluoride Supplements for the Prevention of Dental Caries. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1999; 27: 27-83.

• Proceedings of the International Symposium Celebrating the 50th Anniversary of Water Fluoridation. Grand Rapids, Michigan. September, 1995. JPHD 1996, 56:231-253.

• Public Health Service Report on Fluoride Benefits and Risks. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Recommendations and Reports. June 14, 1991, Vol. 40, No.RR-7.

• Recommendations for Using Fluoride to Prevent and Control Dental Caries in the United States. MMWR, Vol. 50, No. RR14;1-42. (August 17, 2001).

• WHO. Fluorides and Oral Health. WHO Technical Report Series. No. 846. WHO, 1994.

• Mjor IA and Gordan VV. A review of atraumatic restorative treatment (ART). International Dent J. 1999; 49:127-131.

• Atraumatic restorative treatment for prevention and treatment of careis in an underserved community. Am J Public Health. 2005; 95:1338-1339.

• Heller KE, Reed SG, Bruner FW, Eklund SA, Burt BA. Longitudinal evaluation of sealing molars with and without incipient dental caries in a public health program. J Public Health Dent. 1995; 55:148-153.

• Weintraub JA. Pit and fissure sealants in high-caries-risk individuals. J Dent Edu. 2001; 65:1084-1090.

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• Fielding JE. Promoting oral health: Interventions for preventing dental caries, oral and pharyngeal cancers, and sports-related craniofacial injuries. MMWR. 2001; 50(RR21):1-13.

8. The scientific basis for preventive programs for oral diseases II – clinical trials

Readings:• Brian A. Burt & Stephen A. Eklund. Dentistry, Dental Practice, and the Community. 6th Ed.

2005. Sections 26-28. • Schou, L. and Wight, C. Does dental health education affect inequalities in dental health?

Community Dent Health. 1994. 11: 97-100. • Ismail, A.I., Lewis, D.W., Dingle, J.L. Prevention of periodontal disease. In: Canadian

Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination. Canadian Guide to Clinical Preventive Health Care. Ottawa: Health Canada, 1994; 420-431.

9. The seven-step model for assessing oral-health-care needs for special needs

populations and a WHO Guideline. Readings:• Assessing Oral Health Needs: ASTDD Seven-Step Model. ASTDD, 2003. • Burtner AP, Dicks JL. Providing Oral Health Care To Individuals With Severe Disabilities

Residing in the Community: Alternative Health Care Delivery Systems. Spec Care Dentist 1994 Sep-Oct; 14(5):188 93.

• Dicks JL. Outpatient Dental Services For Individuals With Mental Illness: A Program Description. Spec Care Dentist 1995 Nov-Dec; 15(6):239-42.

• Shiboski CH, Palacio H, Neuhaus JM, Greenblatt RM. Dental Care and Access and Use Among HIV-Infected Women. Am J Public Health. 1999; 89:834-839.

10. Case study -- Oral health and general health, the systemic links.

Readings:• Beck, J. D., Slade, G., and Offenbacher, S. Oral disease, cardiovascular disease and

systemic inflammation. Periodontol 2000. 2000;23: 110-20. • Dasanayake AP. Poor Periodontal Health of the Pregnant Woman as a Risk Factor for

Low Birth Weight. Ann Periodontol 1998 Jul; 3(1):206-12. • Persson, R. E., et al. Assessment of periodontal conditions and systemic disease in older

subjects. I. Focus on osteoporosis. J Clin Periodontol. 2002; 29:796-802. • Persson, R. E., et al. Assessment of periodontal conditions and systemic disease in older

subjects. II. Focus on cardiovascular diseases. 2002;29: 803-10. • Ritchie, C. S., Joshipura, K., Hung, H. C., and Douglass, C. W. Nutrition as a mediator in

the relation between oral and systemic disease: associations between specific measures of adult oral health and nutrition outcomes. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2002; 13: 291-300.

• Slavkin, H. C. Distinguishing Mars from Venus: emergence of gender biology differences in oral health and systemic disease. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2002;23: 29-31.

11. Nutrition, diet and oral health -- Global impact.

Readings:• Brian A. Burt & Stephen A. Eklund. Dentistry, Dental Practice, and the Community. 6th Ed.

2005. Sections 20, 28. • Enwonwu CO, Phillips RS, Ibrahim CD, Danfillo IS. Nutrition and oral health in Africa.

2004. Int Dent J. 54:344-351.

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• Mobley, C., and M. J. Saunders. Oral health screening guidelines for nondental health

care providers. J Am Diet Assoc. 1997. 97:S123-126. • Loesche, W. J. 1985. Nutrition and dental decay in infants. Am J Clin Nutr. 41:423-435.

12. New guidelines and evidence-based recommendations for infection control in dental

health-care settings. Readings:• CDC. Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Health-Care Settings, 2003. MMWR, 19,

2003:52 (RR-17). • Controlling Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens in Dentistry. US

Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration. 1992 • Rhodus NL. Emerging Infectious Diseases and Dentistry. Part One. Northwest Dent 1997

Mar-Apr; 76(2): 19-25, 54. • Rhodus NL. Emerging Infectious Diseases and Dentistry. Part One. Northwest Dent 1997

May-Jun; 76(3): 17-24. • Gooch B, Marianos D. Lack of Evidence for Patient-to Patient Transmission of HIV in a

Dental Practice. JADA January 1993, Vol. 124. 13. Continuous improvement of oral health in the 21st century – the role of WHO and

PAHO in promoting oral health in the world and WHO Collaborating Centers and their functions. Readings:• WHO. World Health Organization Report 2003. Geneva,2004. • WHO. Global Strategies to Reduce the Health Care Burden of Craniofacial Anomalies.

Geneva, 2002. • WHO. Oral Health Promotion Through Schools. WHO Information Series on School

Health. Document 11. Geneva, 2003. • WHO. WHO Collaborating Center for Oral Health Care Planning and Future Scenarios.

Basic Package for Oral Care. Nijmegen, University of Nijmegen. 2002. • WHO. Global goals for oral health 2020. International Dental Journal. 2003.53:285-288.

14. Oral health surveillance systems and oral health indicators.

Readings:• National Oral Health Surveillance System (NOHSS) http://www.cdc.gov/nohss/ • WHO Oral health information systems

http://www.who.int/oral_health/action/information/surveillance/en/index.html • CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/ • CDC Oral Health Resources. http://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/index.htm • Dental Health Services in Schools. http://www.healthinschools.org/dentalhealth.asp • Oral Health Plan for New York State. August 2005.

http://www.health.state.ny.us/prevention/dental/docs/oral_health_plan.pdf

Fundamentals of International Dental Public Health Practice 11/6/2008