conferencia dieta mediterranea
Post on 02-Jun-2018
221 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
1/50
Psychological Well Being
and Health:
Lessons from MIDUS
Carol Ryff
University of Wisconsin Madison
Mediterranean Lifestyle, Well-Being, and Health Symposium
School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catlica
Santiago, Chile, Tuesday, April 9, 2012
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
2/50
Ode to the:
the tablethe chair
the dog
the gillyflower
a bar of soap
a pair of socks
the dictionarybread
the artichoke
the onion
the tomato
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
3/50
Outline of Presentation
What is psychological well-being? Approaches: Hedonic & Eudaimonic
How does well-being matter for health?
Biological risk factors, morbidity, mortality(under conditions of challenge)
Can well-being be promoted?
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
4/50
Philosophical Foundations
of Well-Being
Aristotle eudaimonia realization of true potential know thyself and become who you are
Epicurus hedonia pleasure, happiness, contentment
J. S. Mill utilitarianism
happiness will not achieved if made an end in itselfby-product of other more noble deeds
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
5/50
Western preoccupations
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
6/50
(2010)
Current preoccupations
with happiness:
advent of banality
felicity and vacuity go
hand in hand
(Voltaires Candide)
amiable twaddle of theDalai Lama
it is better to lead a rich
life with tears than a happy
one without meaningthe defeat of an illusion
always opens the door to
miracles
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
7/50
purpose in life personal growth
positive relations with others
environmental mastery
self-acceptance
autonomy
happiness/pos affect
life satisfaction
Defining Psychological Well-Being
Eudaimonic(Ryff, 1989,J. of
Pers. & Soc. Psych)
Hedonic(Diener et al., 1999,
Psych. Bulletin)
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
8/50
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
9/50
www.midus.wisc.edu
http://www.midus.wisc.edu/http://www.midus.wisc.edu/ -
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
10/50
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
11/50
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
12/50
www.midus.wisc.edu
MIDUS
Data are
publicly
available,
nopermissions
required.
Please use
them!
http://www.midus.wisc.edu/http://www.midus.wisc.edu/ -
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
13/50
Aging and Well-Being(evidence of vulnerabilities
butsome individuals are resilient)
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
14/50
Source: MIDUS I
25-39
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
16.5
17.0
17.5
18.0
18.5
Young Midlife Older40-59 60-74
Purpose in Life
Env. Mastery
Positive Relations
Autonomy
Females
Self-Acceptance
Per. Growth
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
15/50
Purpose in Life
Env. Mastery
Positive Relations
Autonomy
Males
Self-Acceptance
Per. Growth
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.016.5
17.0
17.5
18.0
18.5
Young Midlife Older25-39 40-59 60-74
Source: MIDUS I
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
16/50
Longitudinal Decline (9-10 years)
in Purpose in Life
14
15
16
17
18
T1 T2 T1 T2 T1 T2 T1 T2 T1 T2
35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84
Averaged
summedscore
Age at Time 2
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
17/50
Butsome older persons
maintain high well-being.
And, those who do show:reduced morbidity/mortality
better sleep
lower inflammatory factors
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
18/50
Purpose in life is protective against Alzheimers
and mild cognitive impairment.
(Boyle et al., Archives Gen Psychiatry, 2010)
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
19/50
Those with higher purpose in life live longer.
(Boyle et al., Psychosom Med, 2009)
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
20/50
Purpose in life modifies association between Alzheimers
disease pathology and cognitive function
(Boyle et al.,Arch Gen Psych, 2012)
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
21/50
Those with higher purpose in life have reduced risk of stroke.
(Kim et al.,J Psychosomatic Res, 2013)
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
22/50
High purpose in life reduces risk of myocardial infarction among
adults with coronary heart disease
(Kim et al.,J Behav Med, 2013)
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
23/50
Aging brings increased risk for poor sleep
But older women
with higher PWB
have reducedrisk of disrupted
sleep.
Phelan et al., Psych and Aging, 2010
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
24/50
Aging bring increased risk for chronic conditions
*such comorbidity fuels inflammation
(Friedman & Ryff,J of Geront, 2012)
But higher
PWB
protectsagainst such
effects
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
25/50
As chronic conditions increase, higher well-being
protects against elevated IL-6 and CRP.
Friedman & Ryff,J of Ger, 2012
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
26/50
Educational Attainment
and Well-Being
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
27/50
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
28/50
Self-Acceptance
Purpose in Life
Environ. Mastery
Positive Relations
Personal Growth
Autonomy
Men
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
29/50
N=
Psychological Well-Being and Education
Five Number Summary
Educational Level
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
30/50
Lower educational status higher levels of IL-6
BUT effect is buffered by high psychological well-being
Morozink et al., 2010
Health Psychology
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
31/50
Lower educational attainment predicts
higher levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Interleukin-6
marker of inflammationinvolved in etiology of
numerous diseases
(cardiovascular, cancer,
rheumatological,
osteoporosis, Alzheimers)
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
32/50
BUT educational gradient
in IL-6 is moderated by
levels of psychological
well-being :purpose in life
positive relations
environmental mastery
self-acceptance
positive affect
(protective buffers)
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
33/50
High School, GED, or Less Education Some College Education Bachelors Degree or Higher
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46
SerumI
L-6
(pg/mL)
Environmental Mastery
* p < .05
*
Morozink et al., 2010
Health Psychology
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
34/50
High School, GED, or Less Education Some College Education Bachelors Degree or Higher
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
14 19 24 29 34 39 44 49
SerumIL
-6(pg/mL)
Purpose in Life
* p < .05
*
Morozink et al., 2010
Health Psychology
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
35/50
Resiliencecapacity to maintain or regain health
and well-being in the face of
challenge/adversity
Ryff et al., (2012). Varieties of Resilience in MIDUS.
Social and Personality Psychology Compass.
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
36/50
O ti i b tt li id fil
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
37/50
Optimism better lipid profiles
Boehm et al., (2013),Am J of Cardiology
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
38/50
Optimism higher levels of antioxidants
Boehm et al. (2013), Psychosomatic Medicine
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
39/50
Neuroscience of
Well-Being
F t l f i f
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
40/50
Van Reekum et al., 2007,J of Cognitive Neuroscience
Faster eval of neg info:
greater amyg activ
However, higher PWB:
slower eval neg info
lower amyg activ
increased activation of
anterior cingulate cortex
Neuroimaging study
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
41/50
These findings suggest that people high in PWBeffectively recruit the ventral ACC when confronted
with potentially aversive stimuli, manifest reduced
activity in subcortical regions such as the
amygdala, and appraise such information as lesssalient as reflected in slower evaluative speed.
Van Reekum et al., 2007,
J of Cognitive Neuroscience
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
42/50
Eudaimonic well-being is positively associated with
insular cortex volume (Lewis et al., 2013)
Higher well-being linked with sustained ventral striatal
activity and lower cortisol output (Heller et al., 2013)Those who show repeated engagement of reward circuitry
when responding to multi-valenced stimuli have higher PWB
and better regulation of HPA activity
New Neuroscience Findings
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
43/50
among those who most need it(those suffering from depression)
well-being therapyFava et al. (1998)
Archives of General Psychiatry
importance of well-being in recovery
process
Promoting Well-Being
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
44/50
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
45/50
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
46/50
From Treatment to Prevention
Teaching well-being therapy tochildren and adolescents
Ruini et al. (2006)
Psychother & Psychosom
Ruini et al. (2009)
J of Behav TherapyTombe et al. (2010)
J of Anxiety
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
47/50
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
48/50
Conclusions Prior health research
has been blind tohuman resilience (HR)
HR is a hugely
important, empirically
tractable topic HR appears to be
consequential for health
HR can be promoted
-
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
49/50
Thanks!
My email: cryff@wisc.edu
http://midus.wisc.edu
http://midus.wisc.edu/http://midus.wisc.edu/ -
8/10/2019 Conferencia Dieta Mediterranea
50/50
top related