conducting harvest-aid research in corn e.p. prostko and a.s. culpepper dept. crop & soil...
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Conducting Harvest-Aid Conducting Harvest-Aid Research in CornResearch in Corn
E.P. Prostko and A.S. CulpepperE.P. Prostko and A.S. Culpepper
Dept. Crop & Soil ScienceDept. Crop & Soil Science
University of GeorgiaUniversity of GeorgiaWSSA 2004
Field Corn Production in Georgia Field Corn Production in Georgia
340,000 A planted (03’)340,000 A planted (03’) 55% irrigated55% irrigated 45% dryland45% dryland 1999-2003 Avg yields1999-2003 Avg yields
* 118 Bu/A - grain * 118 Bu/A - grain
* 16 tons/A - silage* 16 tons/A - silage
Source: GASS
Top 10 Most Troublesome Weeds in Top 10 Most Troublesome Weeds in Georgia CornGeorgia Corn
TX panicumTX panicum sicklepodsicklepod morninggloriesmorningglories pigweedspigweeds nutsedgesnutsedges
cockleburcocklebur FL beggarweedFL beggarweed crabgrasscrabgrass johnsongrass johnsongrass PA smartweedPA smartweed
Webster and MacDonald, 1999
Why are late-season weeds a Why are late-season weeds a problem in the SE?problem in the SE?
early harvest (Jul-Aug)early harvest (Jul-Aug) warm temperatureswarm temperatures ample rainfallample rainfall high humidityhigh humidity wider rows (36”)wider rows (36”) limited herbicide inputslimited herbicide inputs reduced atrazine reduced atrazine
residual residual delayed applications delayed applications
earlier in seasonearlier in season
ObjectiveObjective
to develop a to develop a method for method for conducting small conducting small plot harvest-aid plot harvest-aid researchresearch
Research Problems and Concerns?Research Problems and Concerns?
no previous experienceno previous experience
plot size/layoutplot size/layout design/treatment #design/treatment # How do we spray?How do we spray? water volumewater volume weed speciesweed species harvest-ability ratingsharvest-ability ratings
Plot Size/Layout/DesignPlot Size/Layout/Design
RCB 4 repsRCB 4 reps 6 treatments6 treatments 4 rows X 25’4 rows X 25’ 10’ alleys10’ alleys drivewaysdriveways Sweet Corn HybridSweet Corn Hybrid
* ACX-9454* ACX-9454
*Why? It was short!*Why? It was short! Planted April 14Planted April 14
Weed SpeciesWeed Species
planted annual morninggloryplanted annual morningglory Dual II Magnum @ 1 pt/A - PREDual II Magnum @ 1 pt/A - PRE Prowl @ 2.4 pts/A - 9 DAPProwl @ 2.4 pts/A - 9 DAP cocklebur, sicklepod, starbur problemscocklebur, sicklepod, starbur problems should have sprayed with Basagran or should have sprayed with Basagran or
done some hand-weedingdone some hand-weeding
Application TechniquesApplication Techniques
July 14 (3 months after planting) July 14 (3 months after planting) JD 6500 High-Boy SprayerJD 6500 High-Boy Sprayer 4 row boom (18”)4 row boom (18”) XR110015 nozzlesXR110015 nozzles 5 GPA5 GPA 4.5 MPH4.5 MPH flushed boom with clean water and COflushed boom with clean water and CO2 2
after each treatmentafter each treatment
4 row boom attached to High-Boy 4 row boom attached to High-Boy sprayersprayer
COCO2 2 tank, spray cans, on-off valve tank, spray cans, on-off valve
Weed Size At Application - 90 DAPWeed Size At Application - 90 DAP
Harvest-Ability RatingsHarvest-Ability Ratings
subjective rating subjective rating ease of mechanical ease of mechanical
harvestharvest 1-5 scale1-5 scale 1 = no problem1 = no problem 5 = severe problem5 = severe problem
ResultsResults
Corn Harvest-Ability Ratings - 14 DATCorn Harvest-Ability Ratings - 14 DAT1-5 Scale1-5 Scale
4.9
3.43.8
2.92.4
4.8
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Untreated Aim (1 oz) Aim (1.6ozs)
2,4-D (1.5pts)
RoundupWM (22
ozs)
Harvade (8ozs)
aa
bcb
bcc
Untreated Untreated
Aim 2EC @ 1.0 ozs/A + COC @ 1% v/vAim 2EC @ 1.0 ozs/A + COC @ 1% v/v
Aim 2EC @ 1.6 ozs/A + COC @ 1% v/vAim 2EC @ 1.6 ozs/A + COC @ 1% v/v
2,4-D @ 1.5 pts/A2,4-D @ 1.5 pts/A
Roundup WeatherMax @ 22 ozs/ARoundup WeatherMax @ 22 ozs/A
Harvade 5F @ 8 ozs/A + COC @ Harvade 5F @ 8 ozs/A + COC @ 0.83% v/v0.83% v/v
Tips for Future ResearchTips for Future Research
limit number of treatments (< 10)limit number of treatments (< 10) need to add sodium chlorateneed to add sodium chlorate control undesirable weedscontrol undesirable weeds identify a short field corn hybrid (mechanical identify a short field corn hybrid (mechanical
harvest)harvest) longer alleyways (15’)longer alleyways (15’) get better at rating for defoliation/desiccationget better at rating for defoliation/desiccation conscious of drift conscious of drift possible funding??? possible funding???
University ofGeorgia
Extension Weed Science
(gaweed.com)
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