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John Smith, Dilip Kotak, and William A. GruverSchool of Engineering Science • Simon Fraser University
Burnaby, BC Canada
Dorian SabazIntelligent Robotics CorporationNorth Vancouver, BC Canada
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR in ns-2
2004 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and CyberneticsThe Hague, The Netherlands
October 11, 2004
ENSC 835: HIGH PERFORMANCE NETWORKSCMPT 885: SPECIAL TOPICS: HIGH PERFORMANCE NETWORKS
FINAL PROJECT PRESENTATION
SPRING 2006
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WIRELESS ROUTING PROTOCOLS
USING NS-2
Edward Chen (ekchen@sfu.ca)
Colin Ng (cnge@sfu.ca)
http://www.sfu.ca/~ekchen
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 2/26
Presentation Overview
IntroductionIntroductionMotivationMotivationRouting Protocol OverviewRouting Protocol Overview
Project OverviewProject OverviewProcess FlowProcess Flow
Project SimulationProject SimulationSimulation parametersSimulation parametersSimulation metricsSimulation metrics
AnalysisAnalysisComparative AnalysisComparative AnalysisIndividual AnalysisIndividual Analysis
Conclusion/QuestionsConclusion/Questions
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 3/26
Introduction
Traditional Centralized TopologyTraditional Centralized Topology
Advantages:Advantages:SimplisticSimplisticSecureSecure
Disadvantages:Disadvantages:ScalabilityScalabilityFaultFault--tolerancetolerance
Central Server
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 4/26
Introduction
Distributed TopologyDistributed TopologyLack of central server for storage/routingLack of central server for storage/routingEach node is both a Each node is both a serverserver and a and a clientclientMessages routed by intermediary nodesMessages routed by intermediary nodes
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 5/26
Introduction
Routing extremely importantRouting extremely importantMany types depending on user criteriaMany types depending on user criteria
Simplicity, low overhead, minimize dropped packet Simplicity, low overhead, minimize dropped packet …… etcetcAODV, DSDV and DSRAODV, DSDV and DSR
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 6/26
Protocols Overview - DSDV
DestinationDestination--Sequenced Distance Vector RoutingSequenced Distance Vector RoutingExtension of BellmanExtension of Bellman--Ford (shortest path between two points)Ford (shortest path between two points)Routing table list all available destinations, hops and sequenceRouting table list all available destinations, hops and sequence numbersnumbersSeq. # avoids loopsSeq. # avoids loopsNode periodically send out routing tablesNode periodically send out routing tables
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 7/26
Dynamic Source RoutingDynamic Source RoutingComplete hopComplete hop--byby--hop route to destinationhop route to destinationMultiple routes for each destinationMultiple routes for each destinationAggressive use of source routing and route cachingAggressive use of source routing and route cachingRouteRoute--discovery and routediscovery and route--maintenancemaintenance
Protocols Overview - DSR
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 8/26
AdAd--Hoc OnHoc On--Demand Distance Vector RoutingDemand Distance Vector RoutingCombination of DSR and DSDVCombination of DSR and DSDVDSDV DSDV NextNext--hop routing tablehop routing tableDSR DSR OnOn--demand route discoverydemand route discovery
Protocols Overview - AODV
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 9/26
Protocols Overview - Summary
HighHighMediumMediumMediumMediumNode OverheadNode Overhead
OnOn--DemandDemand
Route Table Route Table with next hopwith next hop
MediumMedium
AODVAODV
OnOn--DemandDemandPeriodicPeriodicRoute Route DiscoveryDiscovery
Complete Complete routes cachedroutes cached
Route Table Route Table with next hopwith next hop
Route Route MechanismMechanism
LowLowHighHighNetwork Network OverheadOverhead
DSRDSRDSDVDSDV
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 10/26
Project Overview
Implemented in nsImplemented in ns--2 2 Simulation of Wireless Distributed System (WDS)Simulation of Wireless Distributed System (WDS)Wireless package developed by CMUWireless package developed by CMU
VariablesVariablesRouting Protocols x 3Routing Protocols x 3Number of Nodes x 3Number of Nodes x 3Pause time (mobility) x 3Pause time (mobility) x 3
Initially wanted to simulate larger network Initially wanted to simulate larger network > 1000 nodes> 1000 nodes27 trace files 27 trace files > 1.5 > 1.5 GbGbProcessed with Pentium IV 2 GHz Processed with Pentium IV 2 GHz > 72 hours> 72 hoursMemory issue Memory issue aborted prematurelyaborted prematurely
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 11/26
Project Overview
To graph processed dataGraphing data
To combine the processed data of each trace-file piece
Combining processed data
To process each individual trace-file piece
Processing split trace-file
To divide the trace-file into smaller pieces
Splitting trace-file
To generate trace-fileTrace-file generation
Purpose of StateState
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 12/26
Project Simulation
Variable ParametersVariable Parameters Fixed ParametersFixed Parameters
5 kbpsRate
½ of number of nodesMaximum Connections
Constant Bit Rate (CBR)Traffic Type
Traffic Generation
5 m/sMaximum Speed
Node Movement
150 secondsSimulation Time
1000 metersY-Boundary
1000 metersX-Boundary
General Topology
1, 50, 10020, 60, 100DSR
1, 50, 10020, 60, 100DSDV
1, 50, 10020, 60, 100AODV
Pause Time (sec)Number of Nodes
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 13/26
Application LoadApplication LoadThe total number of sent messages and forwarded messages The total number of sent messages and forwarded messages (application(application--related)related)
Dropped LoadDropped LoadThe total number of dropped messages (applicationThe total number of dropped messages (application--related)related)
Received LoadReceived LoadThe total number of received messages (applicationThe total number of received messages (application--related)related)
Routing LoadRouting LoadThe total number of sent messages and forwarded messages The total number of sent messages and forwarded messages (routing(routing--related)related)
Project Simulation - Metrics
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 14/26
Analysis – Application Load
DSDVDSDVAODV AODV / DSR/ DSR
Low Low (P)(P)
DSDVDSDVAODV AODV / DSR/ DSR
High High (P)(P)
Low Low (N)(N)
High High (N)(N)
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 15/26
Analysis – Dropped Load
AODV AODV / DSR/ DSR
AODV AODV / DSR/ DSR
Low Low (P)(P)
AODV AODV / DSR/ DSR
AODV AODV / DSR/ DSR
High High (P)(P)
Low Low (N)(N)
High High (N)(N)
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 16/26
Analysis – Routing Load
DSDVDSDVDSDVDSDVLow Low (P)(P)
DSDVDSDVDSDVDSDVHigh High (P)(P)
Low Low (N)(N)
High High (N)(N)
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 17/26
Analysis – Received Load
Node VarianceNode Variance
Pause VariancePause Variance
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 18/26
Analysis - DSR
Routing LoadRouting Load Dropped LoadDropped Load
Node VarianceNode Variance
Pause VariancePause Variance
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 19/26
Analysis - DSDV
Routing LoadRouting Load Dropped LoadDropped Load
Node VarianceNode Variance
Pause VariancePause Variance
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 20/26
Analysis - AODV
Routing LoadRouting Load Dropped LoadDropped Load
Node VarianceNode Variance
Pause VariancePause Variance
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 21/26
Analysis – Throughput
Node VarianceNode Variance
Pause VariancePause Variance
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 22/26
Analysis – End-To-End Delay
Node VarianceNode Variance
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 23/26
Summary
MotivationMotivationDecentralized framework is better than a centralized frameworkDecentralized framework is better than a centralized frameworkEfficient routing is requiredEfficient routing is requiredCompared AODV, DSDV, DSR in nsCompared AODV, DSDV, DSR in ns--22
Simulation parametersSimulation parametersVarying nodes, pause time, and routing protocolsVarying nodes, pause time, and routing protocols
Performance metricsPerformance metricsApplication load, dropped load, received load, routing loadApplication load, dropped load, received load, routing load
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 24/26
Summary
Best Case / Worst Case:Best Case / Worst Case:Application loadApplication loadDropped loadDropped loadRouting loadRouting load
DSDVDSDVAODV / AODV / DSRDSR
Low (P)Low (P)
DSDVDSDVAODV / AODV / DSRDSR
High (P)High (P)
Low (N)Low (N)High (N)High (N)
AODV / AODV / DSRDSR
AODV / AODV / DSRDSR
Low (P)Low (P)
AODV / AODV / DSRDSR
AODV / AODV / DSRDSR
High (P)High (P)
Low (N)Low (N)High (N)High (N)
DSDVDSDVDSDVDSDVLow (P)Low (P)
DSDVDSDVDSDVDSDVHigh (P)High (P)
Low (N)Low (N)High (N)High (N)
Comparative Analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR using ns-2School of Engineering Science - Simon Fraser University – Slide 25/26
References
[1] Agent Development Kit, http://www.madkit.org/[2] E. Cortese, F. Ouarta, and G. Vitaglione, “Scalability and Performance of the JADE
Message Transport System,” Proc. Of the AAMAS Workshop on AgentCities, Bologna, Italy, July 2002
[3] S.I. Kumaran, JINI Technology, An Overview, Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA, 2002[4] J. F. Kurose and K. W. Ross, Computer Networking, AW Education Group, USA, 2002.[5] E. Chen, D. Sabaz, and W.A. Gruver, “JADE and wireless distributed environments,”
IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, The Hague, Netherlands, 2004.
[6] E. Chen, Jade and JXTA Extensions for Implementing a Better Distributed Systen, Master’s Thesis, School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Canada, 2005
[7] AODV, http://moment.cs.ucsb.edu/AODV/aodv.html, accessed March, 2006[8] DSDV, http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~c17v/cs851-papers/dsdv-sigcomm94.pdf, accessed
March, 2006[9] DSR, http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dmaltz/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-manet-dsr-09.txt, accessed
March, 2006[10] New Wireless Trace-File Format, http://k-lug.org/~griswold/NS2/ns2-trace-
formats.html#wireless:new, accessed March 2006[11] The Network Simulator ns-2: Documentation, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-
documentation.html, accessed April 2006
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