colonial folkways
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Colonial FolkwaysThe Development of Religious Toleration
Focus QuestionDefine ‘Religious Freedom’
Widespread ColonizationBy 1775, Britain controlled 32 colonies in
North AmericaSpread from Canada to the Caribbean
Wide Range of DemographicsEthnicityReligionLanguageCustoms
Colonial Regions – New EnglandLargely EnglishPredominantly Congregationalist
Descended from Puritans
Colonial Regions – Middle ColoniesMixed population
English, Dutch, Germans, African, Scots-IrishNew York originally DutchDelaware originally Swedish
Mixed religious denominationsAnglicans, Quakers, Presbyterians,
Calvinists
Regions – Southern ColoniesLargely English and African
Influx of Scots-IrishPredominantly Anglican
Influx of PresbyteriansGeorgia and Debtors
Religious RootsColonial North America had strong
religious rootsAnglican Church supreme in the
Southern ColoniesAll immigrants must conform to
Anglican faithPuritans supreme in much of New
EnglandJoining of Church and State
Cracks in the SystemAnne Hutchinson
Preached to groups of men andwomen
Stressed AntinominismSaved do not need to follow rule
of lawClaimed she received revelation from God
Banished from MassachusettsKilled in a raid by Native Americans
Calverts in MarylandMaryland settled as a haven for Catholics
The Calverts were a prominent English Catholic family
Colonization as providing a refugeReligious Divisions
Later settlers largely AnglicanTrouble between Catholics and
AnglicansAct of Toleration (1649)
Allowed freedom of worship for those who worship the Trinity
Roger Williams in MassachusettsPuritan minister who drifted to the
SeparatistsCalled for a clean break with Church of
EnglandChallenged ties between State and Church
The State was unable to regulate religionsBanished from Massachusetts
Settled in Rhode Island
Rhode IslandWilliams settled Rhode Island with his
followersPromoted his ideas of religion
The state could not determine the faith of citizensCalled for complete religious freedom and
tolerationFirst of its kind in the Americas
William Penn and the QuakersSociety of Friends developed in the 1600s
Promoted fellowship, simplicity, brotherhoodViewed with disdain by other faiths
King Charles II owed vast sums to the Penn familyGranted Pennsylvania to Penn
Penn saw his colony as providing ahaven for all
Settled at first by Quakers
The Colony of PeaceQuakers committed to nonviolence
Penn took this idea to his colonyRequired all trade with Native Americans to be
completely open and honestPromoted peace in all dealingsPlanned the settlement of Philadelphia
Religious TolerationPennsylvania open to settlement by all
Quakers refused to discriminate over beliefExtended to other social reforms
Growing dislike over slaveryPromotion of social causes
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