climate smart waterfronts: balancing waterfront revitalization and waterfront flooding
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NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Kristin Marcell, NYS DEC Hudson River Estuary Program/Cornell WRI
Climate Smart Waterfronts: Balancing Waterfront Revitalization
and Waterfront Flooding
Betsy Blair, NYSDEC Marine Habitat Protection/Hudson River NERR
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
• Define vulnerable areas (now and future)
• Design waterfronts to provide – Economic benefits– Environmental benefits– Be safe!
Can we build climate smart?
Ossining Waterfront Hurricane Sandy - Jerry Faiella
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
What is the lifespan of infrastructure?
What is the long term vision for the waterfront?
What assets do we want to conserve?
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Seawalls Hamburg, Germany
Surge barrierRotterdam, Netherlands
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
For good reason
Oil terminals
Cultural landmarks
Infrastructure
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Elevated structures with flood gates, Hamburg, Germany
Wave attenuation, Brooklyn Bridge Park
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Allow Room for RiversVillage of Tarrytown• Shoreline “eco-corridor”
with swales and nativegrasses
• www.scenichudson.org
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Strategic Relocation: Keeping or moving structures out of
harm’s way
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
In the long term in many areas parks may be better uses of the shore than buildings.
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Limit development in highest risk areas
Town of Pleasant Valley– Zoning code limits uses in 100 yr floodplain to
those minimally affected by high waterTown of East Hampton
– Prohibits new bulkheads that would block wetland movement.
– 150’ setback and no build zones in high hazard floodplains
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Considerations at the site level
• Economic• Visual• Environmental• Technical
• Social• Political• Funding/Administration
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Ossining waterfront
Simulation: elevated sea level (4’) at high tide
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Ossining waterfront
Simulation: elevated sea level (4’) at high tide, armored protection
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Ossining waterfront
Simulation: elevated sea level (4’) at high tide, partial retreat, elevated land, floodproofed building
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Ossining waterfront
Simulation: elevated sea level (4’) at high tide, elevated rail, strategic retreat
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Main Questions:
1. Physical stresses now? In future? 2. Management options? Ecological,
Functional, and Cost Trade-offs?3. Do shoreline options work?
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Shoreline option tradeoffs
Ecological benefits
Continuing benefits over
time
Structural stability
AdaptabilityFailure risk
Construction cost
Maintenance cost
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
10 Steps to better shore zones
• Preserve physical diversity
• Resist tidiness• Don’t squeeze the
zone• Prevent pollution• Reduce wave
damage
• Tread lightly• Don’t make dead
ends• Don’t make it so hard• Give shores room to
move• Be careful about
building
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Study of 10 shore treatments
Standard Treatments Ecologically Enhanced
Steel bulkheadWood bulkhead
Green or bio wall
Rock revetmentRiprap
Live stakes / joint planting
Timber cribbing Live crib wall
Sill
Vegetated geogrid
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Engineering Lessons• Almost any structure can be ecologically
enhanced. • Lifecycle costs of “ecologically
enhanced” shorelines are cost competitive with some of the traditional approaches.
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Demo Site Network
• Web resource• Lists sites Hudson ecologically enhanced sites• Includes case study, design docs, photos, contacts• Currently: 3 finalized case studies, 5 being drafted
Esopus Meadows Preserve
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Eroding Shoreline
Coxsackie Boat Launch Demonstration Site
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
http://bronx.mit.edu/meet-your-waterfront-plan
Dept of Urban Studies and Planning, School of Architecture + Planning at MIT
“…the gabions are arranged in an undulating pattern along the riparian edge to disperse wave motion and slow water speeds.”
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