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B-1466 4-07
ChemiCal Weed and Brush Control
s u g g e s t i o n s f o r r a n g e l a n d
Chemical Weed and Brush ControlSuggestions for Rangeland
Allan McGinty, Jim Ansley, J. F. Cadenhead, Wayne Hamilton, Wayne C. Hanselka, Charles Hart and Darrell N. Ueckert*
This publication is intended to provide general suggestions for herbicide use to control brush and weeds on Texas rangelands and information on the levels of control expected. The information is presented in good faith, but no warranty, express or implied, is given. Weed and brush control results may vary tremendously if treatments are applied under less than optimum conditions. Users of this publication may find the “Expert System for Brush and Weed Control Technology Selection” (EXSEL)
helpful. EXSEL is a decision support expert system designed to recommend the best mechanical and chemical rangeland brush and weed control treatments in Texas. It also provides an analysis of prescription fire potential and will produce a preburn checklist. The user may select the desired plant-kill efficacy level, force the system to consider certain types of treatments or let the system choose the best alternative. EXSEL can be accessed for free at (http://cnrit.tamu.edu/rsg/exsel).
Tommy Welch is former Associate Department Head, Professor and Extension Program Leader for Rangeland Ecology and Management. He was the original author of this publication. After his retirement in 1995, the Herbicide Use Committee,
Rangeland Ecology and Management (members listed above), began updating and maintaining this publication.
*Professor and Extension Range Specialist; Professor, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station; Assistant Professor and Extension Range and Brush Control Specialist; Senior Lecturer, Department of Rangeland Ecology and Management; Associate Department Head, Professor and Extension Program Leader; Professor and Extension Range Specialist; and Regents Fellow and Professor, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station; The Texas A&M University System
Weed species PageAfricanrue................................................................................. 6Berlandierlobelia................................................................. 6,7Bittersneezeweed............................................................... 6,7Broomweed(annualorcommon).................................... 6,7Broomsnakeweed............................................................... 7,8Buffalobur............................................................................... 6,7Bullnettle.................................................................................... 8Camphorweed...................................................................... 6,7Carolinahorsenettle............................................................... 8Cocklebur.............................................................................. 6,7Commongoldenweed............................................................. 9Croton.................................................................................... 6,7Dogfennel................................................................................... 8Drummond’sgoldenweed...................................................... 9Garbancillo..........................................................................9,10Graygoldaster........................................................................10Horehound............................................................................ 6,7Jimmyweed...............................................................................11Lespedeza...........................................................................10,11Marshelder............................................................................. 6,7Narrowleafgoldaster............................................................10Perennialbroomweed......................................................... 7,8Plantain................................................................................... 6,7Prairiegerardia..................................................................... 6,7Ragweed................................................................................. 6,7Raylessgoldenrod..................................................................11Rosinweed................................................................................ 8Silverleafnightshade................................................................ 8Smartweed............................................................................. 6,7Spinyaster.........................................................................11,12Sulfaweed............................................................................... 6,7Sumpweed............................................................................. 6,7Sunflower............................................................................... 6,7Tallowweed............................................................................ 6,7Thistles................................................................................... 6,7Threadleafgroundsel...................................................9,10,12Treadsalve.................................................................................. 8Twinleaf(twoleaf)senna.......................................................12Uprightprairie-coneflower..............................................8,12
Westernbitterweed............................................................ 6,7Westernhorsenettle............................................................... 8Westernragweed................................................................. 6,7Wildcarrot............................................................................ 6,7Wolfweed...........................................................................11,12Woollylocoweed...............................................................9,10Yankeeweed............................................................................... 8
Brush species PageAshejuniper............................................................................13Baccharis............................................................................13,14Beebrush............................................................................15,29Beebush..............................................................................15,29Bigelowshinoak......................................................................14Blackberry................................................................................15Blackbrush.................................................................. 14,15,25Blackgum..................................................................................15Blackjackoak...........................................................................15Blueberrycedar......................................................................13Boisd’arc...........................................................................14,15Burrobrush..............................................................................15Catclawacacia...................................................................14,25Catclawmimosa........................................................ 14,16,25Cenizo......................................................................................16Chinesetallowtree.................................................... 14,16,17Cholla........................................................................................13Christthorn.....................................................................17,21Commonpersimmon............................................................17Creosotebush.........................................................................17Dogcactus...............................................................................13Drylandwillow.................................................................13,14Easternpersimmon................................................................17Easternredcedar....................................................................18Elm................................................................................ 14,15,18Flameleafsumac......................................................................18Granjeno............................................................................18,25Greenbriar.........................................................................14,19Guajillo...............................................................................15,25Hackberry................................................................... 14,15,18Hardwoods................................................................. 15,19,22
Hercules...................................................................... 14,15,18Honeylocust............................................................................19Huisache................................................... 14,18,19,20,21,25Lotebush..................................................................... 15,18,20Macartneyrose.......................................................................20Mesquite................................................... 20,21,22,23,24,25Mesquite,Westernhoney.....................................................24Mixedbrush–SouthTexas..................................................25Mixedbrush–DavisMountains.........................................25Mohrsshinoak........................................................................25Postoak....................................................................................15Pricklyash(Herculesclub)....................................... 14,15,18Pricklypear.........................................................................25,26Redberrycedar.................................................................13,27Redberryjuniper..............................................................13,27Retama................................................................................19,25Rooseveltwillow..............................................................13,14Runningliveoak.....................................................................28Sacahuista.................................................................................28Saltcedar...................................................................................28Sandsagebrush.......................................................................29Sandshinneryoak..................................................................29Seepwillow.......................................................................13,14Skunkbush................................................................................25Spinyhackberry................................................................18,25Sweetgum.................................................................................15Tarbush.....................................................................................17Tasajillo........................................................................ 13,25,26Texaspersimmon...................................................................14Twistedacacia...................................................................20,25Whiteshinoak.........................................................................14Whitebrush................................................................ 15,25,29Whitethornacacia.................................................................17Whiteshinoak.........................................................................14Willow......................................................................................15Willowbaccharis..............................................................13,14Wingedelm.......................................................................14,15Yaupon................................................................................14,18Yucca.........................................................................................30
IndexControldescriptionsforweedandbrushplantsarelocatedonthepagenumbersindicated.Carefullycheckthechart.Morethanonecontrolmeasuremayexist.
� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland �
Millions of acres of Texas rangeland support an excessive cover of woody plants and forbs. Dense stands of brush and weeds use valuable water for growth, reduce grass production and result in soil
erosion. These noxious plants must be managed effectively for rangelands to reach their productive potential. Use of herbicides provides an effective and efficient alternative for controlling brush and weeds for improvement and maintenance of rangelands in a highly productive condition.
This publication lists current suggestions for herbicide use to control brush and weeds on rangeland. Some herbicides provide a high degree of control of certain species; however, seldom is a species eradicated. Consider other potential rangeland uses when developing a brush management program. Many trees, shrubs and forbs are valuable as food and cover for wildlife and may be an important component in livestock diets. Therefore, a brush management program should provide for use of control methods that give optimum benefits to livestock and wildlife.
Herbicide application may increase palatability of poisonous plants. Thus, they are more likely to be consumed by livestock. To prevent losses to toxic plants, herbicide-treated areas with poisonous plants present should not be grazed until the toxic plants dry up and lose their palatability.
Properly used herbicides are effective and safe. Misuse can result in poor brush and weed control, and in possible hazards associated with herbicidal drift, dangerous residues, or killing desirable plants. Follow these points for proper herbicide use:
= Identify the weed or brush species and evaluate the need for control.
= Consider expected benefits, costs and alternative control practices.
= Select and purchase the suggested herbicide for the weed or brush species.
= Follow herbicide label directions for allowable uses, application rates and special handling or mixing requirements.
= Provide and require the use of proper safety equipment.
= Calibrate spray equipment.
= Mix herbicides in a ventilated area, preferably outside.
= Spray under conditions that prevents drift to susceptible crops.
= Apply the herbicides at the suggested rate and time.
= Keep a record of the herbicide used, the time required to spray, weather conditions, rate of herbicide in carrier, date, location and the person using the herbicide.
The sprayer used must apply the correct quantity of herbicide mixture to a specific area. To calibrate spray equipment, see Extension publication L-5465, “Weed Busters: Sprayer Calibration Guide.”
Suggestions on use of herbicides made by Texas Cooperative Extension are based upon effectiveness under Texas conditions.
Broadcast and individual plant treatments are presented in Tables 1 and 2. Individual plant treatments are suited for control of thin stands of brush and selective control. Broadcast treatments are useful for dense stands of brush and for weed control.
Suggested herbicides must be registered and labeled for use by the Environmental Protection Agency. Because the status of herbicide label clearance is subject to change, be certain that the herbicide is currently labeled for the intended use.
The user is always responsible for the effects of herbicide residue on his livestock and crops, as well as for problems that could arise from drift or movement of the herbicide from his property to that of others. Always read and follow carefully the instructions on the container label.
Texas Digital Diagnostics (TDD) provides a quick way to identify plants. Accurate plant identification is critical for selecting proper control technologies. TDD uses digital images and the internet to provide this service. Contact your County Extension Agent to learn more about this program.
Treatment Control RatingsA control rating, based on the effectiveness of a herbicide treatment in controlling a target plant, has been assigned to each herbicide use suggestion. These ratings were determined from research and result demonstration data and from observations of commercial applications. The rating represents a degree of plant mortality of the target plant species when the treatment is properly applied under optimum conditions. The rating categories and degree of plant mortality are:
Control rating Percent of plants killedVery high 76-100
High 56-75
Moderate 36-55
Low 0-35
� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Common, Chemical and Product Names of Herbicides*Herbicide common name Chemical name Product name Active ingredient
or acid equivalent
Aminopyralid 2-pyridinecarboxylicacid,4-amino-3,6-dichloro-2-pyrdinecarboxylicacid,triisopropanolammoniumsalt
Milestone 2lbs./gal.
Aminopyralid1:8,2,4-D Seeaminopyralidand2,4-D Forefront 3lbs./gal.
Clopyralid 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoicacid Reclaim,PyramidR&P 3lbs./gal.
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)aceticacid Weedar64,Formula40,Hi-Dep,WeedoneLV4,Esteron99andothers
concentrationvariesdependingonproduct
Dicamba 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoicacid Banvel,Clarity,Vision 4lbs./gal.
Dicamba:2,4-D(1:3) Seedicambaand2,4-D Weedmaster,Banvel+2,4-D,RangeStar 4lbs./gal.
Dieselfueloilorkerosene refinedpetroleumfractions Severalmanufacturers
Fluroxypyr 1-methylheptylester:((4-amino-3,5-dichloro-6-fluoropyridin-2-yl)oxy)aceticacid Vista 1.5lbs./gal.
Glyphosate N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine SeveralincludingRodeo**,Roundup,RoundupUltradry,Glyposate417
isopropylaminesalt*,concentrationvariesdependingontheproduct
Hexazinone 3-cyclohexyl-6-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4(IH,3H)-dione VelparL,PrononePowerPellet 2lbs./gal.(VelparL)75%(PrononePowerPellet)
Imazapyr 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethy)-5-oxo-lH-imidazol-2-yl]-3-pyridinecarboxylicacid Arsenal,Habitat** 2lbs./gal.
Metsulfuronmethyl methyl2[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoate Escort,CleanPasture,MSM60DF 60%
Metsulfuron:Chlorosulfuron3:1 SeeMetsulfuronmethyl+2-Chloro-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]benzenesulfonamide
CimarronPlus 48%metsulfuron15%Chlorosulfuron
Metsulfuron:Chlorosulfuron1:1 Seemetsulfuron:Chlorosulfuron CimarronX-Tra 30%Metsulfuron37.5%Chlorosulfuron
MetsulfuronmethylDicamba:2,4-D(1:3)
Seemetsulfuronmethyl,visionand2,4-D CimarronMax 60%(PartA)3.87lbs./gal.(PartB)
Picloram 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylicacid Tordon22K,Triumph22K,Picloram22K 2lbs./gal.
Picloram:Fluroxypyr(1:1) SeepicloramandFluroxypyr Surmount 1.34lbs./gal.
Picloram:2,4-D(1:4) SeePicloramand2,4-D GrazonP+D,Gunslinger 2.5lbs./gal.
Tebuthiuron N-[5-(1,1-dimethylethy)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl}-N-N’-dimethylurea Spike20P,Spike80DF 20%(Spike20P)80%(Spike80DF)
Triclopyr {(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy}aceticacid ClearPasture,PathfinderIIRemedyUltra,Triclopyr4EC
0.75lbs./gal.(PathfinderII)4lbs./gal.(allothers)
Triclopyr:Fluroxypr(3:1) Seetriclopyrand1-methylheptyester:((4-amino-3,5-dichloro-6-fluoropyridin-2-yl)oxy)aceticacid PastureGard 2.0lbs./gal.
Triclopyr:2,4-D(1:2) Seetriclopyrand2,4-D Crossbow 3lbs./gal.
*HerbicideshavebeenidentifiedbytheacceptedWeedScienceSocietyofAmericacommonname,andwhenpractical,oneormoreproductnames.**Aquaticlabel
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland �
Common Measurement Conversions for Use with Herbicide ApplicationsLiquid Weight
1gallon(gal)=4quarts(qt)1gallon=8pints(pt)1gallon=16cups(c)1gallon=128ounces(oz)1gallon=3784.96milliliters(ml)1quart(qt)=2pints1quart=4cups1quart=32ounces1quart=946.24milliliters1pint(pt)=2cups
1pint=16ounces1pint=473.12milliliters1cup(c)=8ounces1ounce(oz)=2tablespoons(tbs)1ounce(oz)=29.57milliliters1tablespoon(tbs)=3teaspoons(tsp)1tablespoon=1⁄2ounce1tablespoon=14.79milliliters1teaspoon(tsp)=4.98milliliters
1pound(lb)=16ounces1pound=453.6grams(g)1ounce=28.35grams1kilogram(kg)=2.2pounds
Area1acre=43,560squarefeet(sqft)1hectare(ha)=2.471acres
Guide to Quantity of Herbicide Formulation for Total Volume of Spray Mix
TotalSprayVolumeDesired
Herbicide Concentration Desired for Individual Plant and Spot Treatment1⁄4% 1⁄2% 3⁄4% 1%* 11⁄2% 2% 3% 4% 5% 10% 15% 25%
Quantity of Herbicide Formulation
1gal. 1⁄3oz. 2⁄3oz. 1oz. 11⁄3oz. 2oz. 22⁄3oz. 4oz. 51⁄4oz. 61⁄2oz. 13oz. 19oz. 1qt.
3gals.* 1oz. 2oz. 3oz. 4oz.* 6oz. 8oz. 12oz. 151⁄2oz. 19oz. 38oz. 57oz. 3qts.
5gals. 12⁄3oz. 31⁄3oz. 5oz. 61⁄2oz. 10oz. 13oz. 19oz. 26oz. 1qt. 2qts. 3qts. 11⁄4gals.
10gals. 31⁄3oz. 61⁄2oz. 10oz. 13oz. 19oz. 26oz. 38oz. 51oz. 2qts. 1gal. 11⁄2gals. 21⁄2gals.
25gals. 8oz. 1pt. 24oz. 1qt. 48oz. 2qts. 3qts. 1gal. 11⁄4gals. 21⁄2gals. 33⁄4gals. 61⁄4gals.
50gals. 1pt. 1qt. 48oz. 2qts. 3qts. 1gal. 11⁄2gals. 2gals. 21⁄2gals. 5gals. 71⁄2gals. 121⁄2gals.
100gals. 1qt. 2qts. 3qts. 1gal. 11⁄2gals. 2gals. 3gals. 4gals. 5gals. 10gals. 15gals. 25gals.
*Example: Toprepare3gallonsofaspraymixture(herbicide,waterandsurfactant)containing1%herbicide,add4oz.ofherbicide.
Note: Add1⁄4%to1⁄2%commercial,non-ionicsurfactantformixturesusingonlywaterastheherbicidecarrier.Add5%dieselfuelifanoil-in-wateremulsionisdesiredtobetheherbicidecarrier.Anoilemulsifyingagent(emulsifier)shouldbeaddedaccordingtolabeldirections.Agitationandtheemulsifierarenecessarytopreventseparationofthespraymixture.
Caution: Non-ionicsurfactantsarenotemulsifyingagentsandwillnotresultintheformationofanemulsionwhendieselfuelandwateraremixedandagitated.Theemulsifiershouldbeaddedat1to3ouncespergallonofthedieselfuelpriortoaddingthedieselfueltothespraytank.Thespraytankshouldbefilledtoabouthalfthedesiredvolumewithwaterpriortoaddingthedieselfuel-emulsifierpremix.Thedieselfuel-emulsifierpremixisthenaddedtothespraytankslowly,withagitation,afterwhichthespraytankisfilledtothedesiredvolumewithwater.
� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 1. Herbicides for Controlling Weeds on Rangeland.Weed controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant/spot treatment*
African rue VelparL VH**2ml/plant
Useanexactdeliveryhandguntoapplyundilutedherbicidetosoilsurfaceattheedgeoftheplantcanopy.
Springorsummer. Donotuseonheavyclayorcalichesoils.
PrononePowerPellet VH1pellet/plant
Spike20P H7.5lbs.(1.5lbs.)
Arsenal H1qt.(0.5lbs.)
VH0.5%
10to25gal./ac.forgroundbroadcast.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
LateSeptemberthroughOctober(tofirstfrost).
Applicationsshouldbemadetofallregrowththatisingoodgrowingcondition.Recommendusingindividualplanttreatmentwhengrowingwithdesirablevegetationtoreducenon-targetdamage.Arsenalisanon-selectiveherbicideandwillkillordamagedesirablevegetationifsprayed.
Berlander lobelia, bitter sneezeweed, broomweed (annual or common), buffalobur, camphorweed, cocklebur, croton, horehound, marshelder (sumpweed, sulfaweed), plantain (tallowweed), prairie gerardia (see remarks), ragweed, smartweed, sunflower, thistles, Western bitterweed (see remarks), Western ragweed, wild carrot and others
2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester
VH**1pt.to1qt.(1⁄2to1lb.)
4lbs./gal.product
VH1%(4lbs./gal.product)
2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Spring,weed4to6incheshigh,goodmoisturecondition.
Use2,4-Damineinareaswith25inchesofrainfallormore.Use2,4-Dlowvolatileesterindrierareaswherenosusceptiblecropsarenearby.
ForWesternbitterweedcontrol,use2,4-Dlowvolatileesteroramineat1qt./acrebeforeplantsflowerandtemperature(above72°F.)andsoilmoisturefavorplantgrowth.Whenthreefourthsofplantsarebloomingand/ortemperatureislessthan60°F.,useWeedmaster,2,4-DplusBanvel,GrazonP+Dor2,4-DplusTordon22K.
Forprairiegerardiacontrol,use11⁄2qts./acreof2,4-DorthelowrateofWeedmaster.Banvelplus2,4-D,GrazonP+DorTordon22Kplus2,4-Dwhenplantsare4to6incheshigh.Use1qt./acreofGrazonP+Dor1⁄2pt.of2,4-D/acrewhenplantsare6to10incheshighbeforeflowering.
Weedmaster VH1pt.to1qt.(1⁄2to1lb.)
VH1%
TankmixBanvelwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester
VH1⁄4to1⁄2pt.
(1⁄8to1⁄4lb.)Banvel+
3⁄4to11⁄2pts.(3⁄8to3⁄4lb.)
2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Banvel
+3⁄4%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
GrazonP+D VH1pt.to11⁄2qts.(0.3to0.9lb.)
VH1%
TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester
VH1⁄4to3⁄4qts.
(1⁄16to3⁄16lb.)Tordon22K
+1⁄2to11⁄2pts.
(1⁄4to3⁄4lb.)2,4-D4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland �
Table 1 (continued)Weed controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant/spot treatment*
CimarronMax VH**Rate1toRate2
VH1%
Surmount VH1.5pts.to1qt.
(0.25to0.33lb.)
VH1%
Usehighendofraterangeforcamphorweed,marshelderandsmartweed.
PastureGard H1to1.5qts.
(0.5to0.75lb.)
VH1%
Usehighendofraterangeforcamphorweed,marshelderandsmartweed.PastureGardefficacyonsmartweedismarginal.
Broomweed (annual or common), plantain (tallowweed), wild carrot
EscortorCimarron VH0.1oz.
2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Spring,weedslessthan4inchestall.
CimarronPlus VH0.125oz.
CimarronX-tra VH0.2oz.
Broom snakeweed (perennial broomweed)
Tordon22K VH1pt.to1qt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)
VH1⁄2%
2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Duringandafterfullflowerstageinfallwhengrowthconditionsaregood;orspringduringpeakplantgrowthwhengrowthconditionsaregood.
Addemulsifertooilforproperemulsionwhenoil-in-wateremulsionisused.Use1pt./acreofTordon22Konlyinthefall.Use1qt./acreofTordon22Kinthespring.PoorcontrolmaybeexpectedifWeedmasterorBanvel:2,4-Dmixtureisusedwhengrowthconditionsarelessthanideal.GrowthconditionsshouldbeoptimumifGrazonP+DorTordon22K:2,4-Dmixtureisusedinthespring.
GrazonP+D VH2qts.(11⁄4lbs.)
VH1%
Surmount VH1.5to3qts.
(0.5to1.0lb.)
VH1%
TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.
VH1pt.(1⁄4lb.)Tordon22K
+1pt.to1qt.(1⁄2to1lb.)2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
Weedmaster VH1qt.(1lb.)
VH1%
TankmixBanvelwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.
VH1⁄2pt.(1⁄4lb.)Banvel
+11⁄2pts.(3⁄4lb.)
2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Banvel
+3⁄4%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 1 (continued)Weed controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant/spot treatment*
Broom snakeweed (perennial broomweed)(continued)
EscortorCimarron VH**0.6oz.
2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Add1to2qts.surfactantor2gals.cropoilper100gals.water.
Optimumtimeisinthefall,butmaybeappliedinspring.
CimarronPlus VH0.75oz.
CimarronX-tra VH1.2oz.
CimarronMax HtoVHRate1toRate2
Spike20P VH3.75lbs.ofpellets(3⁄4lb.)
VH1⁄6oz.ofpellets
(1⁄30oz.)per100sq.ft.
Anytime–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1exceptinTrans-PecoswhereoptimumperiodisMay1toJuly1
Useonlyonsand,loamysand,sandyloam,loam,siltloam,siltorsandyclayloamsoils.
Bullnettle, Carolina horsenettle, dogfennel, silverleaf nightshade, upright prairie-coneflower, western horsenettle (treadsalve), yankeeweed (rosin weed)
GrazonP+D VH1to11⁄2qts.
(0.6to0.9lb.)
VH1%
2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Spring(seeremarks). Spraybullnettle,Carolinahorsenettle,silverleafnightshadeandwesternhorsenettlewhenplantsbegintoflowerinthespring.Spraydogfennelandyankeeweedwhenplantsare8to10inchestall.Sprayuprightprairie-coneflowerwhenplantsare2to6inchestallbeforeflowering.
TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.
VH1⁄2to3⁄4pt.
(1⁄8to3⁄16lb.)Tordon22K
+1to11⁄2pts.
(1⁄2to3⁄4lb.)2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
Surmount VH1.5to2pts.
(0.25to0.33lb.)
VH1%
CimarronMax HtoVHRate1toRate2
Weedmaster VH1qt.(1lb.)
VH1%
TankmixBanvelwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.
VH1⁄2pt.(1⁄4lb.)Banvel
+11⁄2pts.(3⁄4lb.)2,4-D,
4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Banvel
+3⁄4%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland �
Table 1 (continued)Weed controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant/spot treatment*
Common goldenweed, Drummond’s goldenweed
2,4-Dlowvolatileester VH**2qts.(2lbs.)
4lbs./gal.product
VH2%(4lbs./gal.product)
2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Springwhengrowthconditionsaregood.
GrazonP+D,WeedmasterandmixturesofBanvel:2,4-DandTordon22K:2,4-Daremoreeffectivethan2,4-Dalonewhengrowthconditionsarelessthanoptimal.
Whenoil-in-wateremulsionisused,addemulsifiertooilforproperemulsion.
Weedmaster VH3pts.(11⁄2lbs.)
VH2%
Surmount VH2pts.(0.33lb.)
VH1%
PastureGard H1to1.5qts.
(0.5to0.75lb.)
VH1%
CimarronMax VHRate3
TankmixBanvelwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.
VH3⁄4pt.(3⁄8lb.)Banvel
+21⁄4pts.(1.125lbs.)
2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄2%Banvel
+11⁄2%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
GrazonP+D VH3pts.(0.94lb.)
VH2%
TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.
VH3⁄4pt.(0.19lb.)Tordon22K
+11⁄2pts.(3⁄4lb.)
2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄2%Tordon22K
+1%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
Garboncillo, threadleaf groundsel, wooly locoweed
GrazonP+D VH3pts.(0.94lb.)
VH2%
2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Fall,goodmoistureconditions.
Herbicideapplicationmayincreasepalatabilityofthesepoisonousplants.Therefore,treatedareasshouldnotbegrazeduntilthetoxicplantsdryupandlosetheirpalatability.
TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.
VH3⁄4pt.(0.19lb.)Tordon22K
+11⁄2pts.(3⁄4lb.)
2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄2%Tordon22K
+1%2,4-D(4lbs./gal.
product)
Surmount VH2pt.(0.33lb.)
VH1%
PastureGard H1to1.5qt.
(0.5to0.75lb.)
VH1%
CimarronMax VHRate2
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
10 ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 1 (continued)Weed controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant/spot treatment*
Garboncillo, threadleaf groundsel, wooly locoweed(continued)
Weedmaster VH**1qt.(1lb.)
VH2%
TankmixBanvelwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.
VH3⁄4pt.(3⁄8lb.)Banvel
+21⁄4pts.(11⁄8lbs.)
2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄2%Banvel
+11⁄2%,2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
Gray goldaster,narrowleaf goldaster
2,4-Dlowvolatileester VH1qt.(1lb.)
VH1%
2to4gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(2qts.dieselfueloilandwatertomake2to4gals./acre)asaerialspray.10to25gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake10to25gals./acre)asgroundbroadcast.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateror5gals.dieselfueloilper100gals.spraymix(1:19oil-in-wateremulsion).Oil-in-wateremulsionrequiresuseofemulsifier.
Springduringbudstage(pre-bloom).
Budstageusuallyoccursduringmid-MaytoearlyJune.
GrazonP+D VH1.6qts.(1lb.)
VH1%
TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Dlowvolatileester.
VH0.8pt.(0.2lb.)Tordon22K
+0.8qt.(0.8lb.)2,4-D,
4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
Surmount VH2pt.(0.33lb.)
VH1%
PastureGard H1to1.5qt.
(0.5to0.75lb.)
VH1%
CimarronMax HtoVHRate1toRate2
Weedmaster VH1qt.(1lb.)
VH1%
TankmixBanvelwith2,4-Dlowvolatileester.
VH1⁄2pt.(1⁄4lb.)Banvel
+11⁄2pts.(3⁄4lb.)2,4-D,
4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Banvel
+3⁄4%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
Lespedeza Remedy VH1to2pts.(1⁄2to1lb.)
Groundbroadcast20to30gals.peracrewith1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
JunethroughAugustundergoodgrowingconditions.
Plantsneedtobe12to18inchestallbeforespraying.Usethehigherrateifplantsarelarge,approachingmaturity,oriftheinfestationlevelishigh.
EscortorCimarron H0.5oz.
Beginapplicationatflowerbudinitiationthroughfullbloom.
CimarronPlus H0.7oz.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland 11
Table 1 (continued)Weed controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant/spot treatment*
CimarronX-tra H1.0oz.
Groundbroadcast20to30gals.peracrewith1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
JunethroughAugustundergoodgrowingconditions.
Beginapplicationatflowerbudinitiationthroughfullbloom.
CimarronMax HRate2
Surmount VH**1.5to2pts.
(0.25to0.33lb.)
VH1%
PastureGard VH1.5to2pts.
(0.38t0.5lb.)
VH0.75%
Rayless goldenrod(jimmyweed)
EscortorCimarron VH0.75oz.
2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Fall.
CimarronPlus VH1.0oz.
CimarronX-tra VH1.5oz.
Surmount VH6pts.(1.0lb.)
VH2%
Tordon22K VH1qt.(1⁄2lb.)
VH1%
Spiny aster (wolfweed) GrazonP+D VH1qt.(0.63lb.)
VH1%
10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Springduringgoodmoistureandgrowthconditions.
Shredplantsduringwinter.Regrowthwillhaveleaves.Applyherbicidewhenregrowthis10to12inchestall.TankmixTordon22K
with2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.
VH1⁄2pt.(1⁄8lb.)Tordon22K
+1pt.(1⁄2lb.)2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
Surmount VH1.5to2pts.
(0.25to0.33lb.)
VH1%
PastureGard H2to3pts.
(0.5to0.75lb.)
VH1%
Weedmaster VH1qt.(1lb.)
VH1%
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
1� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 1 (continued)Weed controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant/spot treatment*
Spiny aster (wolfweed)(continued)
TankmixBanvelwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.
VH1⁄2pt.(1⁄4lb.)Banvel
+11⁄2pts.(3⁄4lb.)2,4-D,
4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Banvel
+3⁄4%2,4-D(4lbs./gal.
product)
10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Springduringgoodmoistureandgrowthconditions.
Shredplantsduringwinter.Regrowthwillhaveleaves.Applyherbicidewhenregrowthis10to12inchestall.
Threadleaf groundsel EscortorCimarron VH0.4oz.
2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Fall.
CimarronPlus VH0.5oz.
CimarronX-tra VH0.8oz.
CimarronMax VHRate2
Twinleaf senna(twoleaf senna)
GrazonP+D VH**1%
Thoroughlywetfoliage.Mixwithwaterandadd1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.spraymix.
Latespring,goodmoistureandgrowthconditions.
Surmount VH1%
Weedmaster VH1%
Upright prairie-coneflower
EscortorCimarron VH0.2oz.
2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Spring,beforeflowerstalkdevelopment.
CimarronPlus VH0.25oz.
CimarronX-tra VH0.4oz.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland 1�
Table 2. Herbicides for Controlling Brush on Rangeland.Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume(per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Ashe juniper(blueberry cedar)
VelparL VH**2ml.per3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter,whicheverisgreater
Latewinterthroughsummer.
ApplyundilutedVelparL,Tordon22KorPrononePowerPelletsbetweenthestembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparLandTordon22K.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle2ml.or4ml.applicationofVelparLorTordon22K,ormorethan1PrononePowerPellet,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.
PrononePowerPellet VH1pelletper3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter,whicheverisgreater
Tordon22K VH4ml.per3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter,whicheverisgreater
Ashe juniper(blueberry cedar), cholla, dog cactus, redberry juniper (redberry cedar), tasajillo
Tordon22K VH1%
Hratingforcholla
Thoroughlywetfoliageandstemsorjointsandstemsforindividualplanttreatment.Mixwithwaterandadd1-2qts.surfactantper100gals.spraymix.
Anytime.
Baccharis (dryland willow, Roosevelt willow, seep willow or willow baccharis)
2,4-Dlowvolatileester H3pts.to3qts.(11⁄2to3lbs.)
4lbs./gal.product
H1%
4to5gals.waterforaerialspray;15to20gals.waterforgroundbroadcast.Forindividualplanttreatment,thoroughlywettheentirefoliage,stemsandtrunks.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Spring,whenleavesarefullyexpandedanddarkgreenincolor.
GrazonP+D H1%
Forindividualplanttreatment,thoroughlywettheentirefoliage,stemsandtrunks.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Weedmaster H1%
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Baccharis (dryland willow, Roosevelt willow, seep willow or willow baccharis)(continued)
VelparL VH**2ml.per3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter,whicheverisgreater
Latewinterthroughsummer.
ApplyundilutedVelparLorPrononePowerPellettosoilsurfacebetweenthestembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparL.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle2ml.applicationofVelparL,orasinglePrononePowerPellet,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.
PrononePowerPellet VH1pelletper3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter,whicheverisgreater
Baccharis (dryland willow, Roosevelt willow, seep willow or willow baccharis), blackbrush, bois d’arc, catclaw acacia, catclaw mimosa, Chinese tallowtree, elm, greenbriar, hackberry, huisache, pricklyash, (Hercules club), Texas persimmon (see remarks), winged elm, yaupon
Remedy VH25%indieselfueloil
Applytolower12to18inchesoftrunktowetthetrunk;donotspraytopointofrunoff.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk
Anytime–optimumtimeisduringgrowingseasonwhenplantshavematureleaves.
Thisiscommonlycalledthelowvolumebasalapplicationmethod.Useafanorhollowconenozzle.Useonlyonplantswithsmoothbarkandatrunkdiameterlessthan4inches.ForTexaspersimmon,applyinspringafterleavesmaturebutbeforeJune15.
Remedy VH25%indieselfueloil
10%d,l-limonene(apenetrant)maybeadded
tothemixture–seeremarks
Applytothetrunkina3-to4-inch-widebandneargroundleveloratlinedividingsmoothbarkfromcorkybark.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk.
Anytime–optimumtimeisduringgrowingseasonwhenplantshavematureleaves.
Thisiscommonlycalledthestreamlinebasalapplicationmethod.Useastraightstreamnozzle.Useonlyonplantswithsmoothbarkandtrunkdiameterlessthan4inches.Additionofapenetranttothemixturesaidswithcoveragearoundthetrunkandincreasesthedegreeofcontrolformostspecies.Tradenamesford,llimoneneareQuickStepII,AD100,Cide-KickIIandCide-Kick.OtherpenetrantsmaybeeffectivebuthavenotbeentestedonrangelandinTexas.ForTexaspersimmon,applyinspringafterleavesmaturebutbeforeJune15.
Bigelow shinoak (white shinoak)
Spike20P VH7.5lbs.ofpellets
(11⁄2lbs.)
VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets
(1⁄10oz.)per100sq.ft.
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1.
Forindividualplanttreatment,applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
1� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Blackberry Surmount VH**3to4pts.
(0.5to0.67lb.)
VH1to2%
Useatleast10gallonsofwaterperacre,butincreasedvolumeupto25gallonsperacrewillimprovecoverage,andsubsequentherbicidepenetrationintotheplant.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.spraymix.
Applywhenleavesarefullyexpandedandthefoliageisdarkgreen,eitherbeforefirstflowerorafterfruitdrop.Donottreatblackberriesinthesameyearaftershredding,orburning.
PastureGard H3to4pts.
(0.75to1.0lb.)
VH1to2%
Blackbrush, guajillo Spike20P H10to15lbs.pellets
(2to3lbs.)
VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per45sq.ft.or2to4
inchesofstemdiameter
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1.
Usehigherrateondeepsoilswithhigherclaycontent.Forindividualplanttreatmentapplypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.
Blackjack oak, bois d’arc, elm, hackberry, lotebush, post oak, pricklyash (Hercules club), whitebrush (beebrush, beebush), willow, winged elm
VelparL VH4ml.per3ft.ofcanopy
diameterorheight,whicheverisgreater
Latewinterthroughsummer.
ApplyundilutedVelparLorPrononePowerPelletstosoilsurfacebetweenthestembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparL.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle4ml.applicationofVelparL,or2PrononePowerPellets,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.
PrononePowerPellet VH2pelletsper3ft.of
canopydiameterorheight,whicheverisgreater
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1.
Blackjack oak, post oak, winged elm
Spike20P VH10lbs.ofpellets(2lbs.)
VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per45sq.ft.or2to4
inchesofstemdiameter
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1.
Forindividualplanttreatmentapplypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.
Blackgum, sweetgum and other hardwoods
Crossbow H4%indieselfueloil
Applytofreshlycutsurfaceofstumpimmediatelyaftercutting.
Anytime–bestresultswhensoilisdry.
Burrobrush Tordon22K VH1%
Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.
AprilthroughJuly.
GrazonP+D VH2%
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland 1�
1� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Catclaw mimosa Spike20P H**3.75lbs.ofpellets(3⁄4lb.)
VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per100sq.ft.or2to4inches
ofstemdiameter
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisMay1toJuly1inTrans-PecosandOct.1toApril1inrestofstate.
Useonlywhenbrushisgrowingonsand,loamysandorsandyloamsoil.Forindividualplanttreatment,applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.
Cenizo Spike20P VH3.75lbs.ofpellets(3⁄4lb.)
VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per100sq.ft.or2to4inchesofstemdiameter
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1
Forindividualplanttreatment,applythepelletsevenlyonsoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.
Chinese tallowtree GrazonP+D VH1gal.(2.5lbs.)
VH1%
5to15gals.asaerialsprayor10to25gals.forgroundbroadcastapplication.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Springorfall.
TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Damine
VH1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K
+2qts.(2lbs.)2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
Surmount VH5pts.(0.84lb.)
VH1%
Tordon22K VH1qt.(1⁄2lb.)
VH1⁄2%
TankmixTordon22KwithRemedy
VH1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K
+1pt.(1⁄2lb.)Remedy
VH1⁄2%Tordon22K
+1⁄4%Remedy
VelparL VH4ml.per3ft.ofcanopy
diameterorheight,whicheverisgreater
Latewinterthroughsummer.
ApplyundilutedSpike20P,VelparLorPrononePowerPelletstosoilbetweenstembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparL.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle4ml.applicationofVelparL,or2PrononePowerPellets,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.
PrononePowerPellet VH2pelletsper3ft.of
canopydiameterorheight,whicheverisgreater
Spike20P VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per45sq.ft.or2to4
inchesofstemdiameter
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland 1�
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Remedy VH**15%indieselfuel
Applytolower12-18inchesoftrunktowetthebark,butnottopointofrunoff.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk.
Anytime–optimumtimeisduringgrowingseasonwhenplantshavematureleaves.
Useonlyonplantswithasmoothbarkand/oratrunkdiameterlessthan4inches.Thisiscommonlycalledthelow-volumebasalapplicationmethod.A5500-X1nozzleispreferred.
PathfinderII VHUndiluted
Remedy VH25%indieselfuel
Useonplantswithrough,corkybarkand/oratrunkdiameterof4in.orgreater.Thisiscommonlycalledthelow-volumebasalapplicationmethod.A5500-X1nozzleispreferred.
Christ thorn Remedy VH1%
Add1to2qts.ofsurfactantper100gals.water.
Thoroughlywetfoliage.
Earlysummer.
TankmixRemedywithTordon22K
VH1⁄2%Remedy
+1⁄2%Tordon22K
Common or Eastern persimmon
Banvel L2qts.(2lbs.)
H1%
Groundbroadcast15to20gals.water.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Spring,whenleavesarefullydeveloped.
Surmount VH1to2%
Creosotebush, tarbush, whitethorn acacia
Spike20P H3.75to5lbs.ofpellets
(3⁄4to1lb.)
VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)
per100sq.ft.
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisMay1toJuly1.
Use5lbs.ofpellets/acrewhensoilisaloam,siltloam,silt,sandyclayloamorclayloam.Uselowratewhensoilisasand,loamysandorsandyloam.Donottreatmountainsideorgravellyridgeswithslopesof7percentormore.Donottreatifsoilshaveacationexchangecapacitygreaterthan30meq.per100grams(commonlycalled“gyp”soils.)Forindividualplanttreatmentapplypelletsevenlyonsoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondthecanopyedge.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
1� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Eastern redcedar Tordon22K VH**4ml.per3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter,whicheverisgreater
Springorfall. ApplyundilutedVelparL,Tordon22KorPrononePowerPelletstosoilsurfacebetweenthestembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparLandTordon22K.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle4ml.applicationofVelparLorTordon22K,ormorethan2PrononePowerPellets,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.
VelparL VH4ml.per3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter,whicheverisgreater,or1inchoftrunkdiameter
Latewinterthroughsummer.
PrononePowerPellet VH2pelletsper3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter,whicheverisgreater,or1inchoftrunkdiameter
Elm, granjeno (spiny hackberry), hackberry, huisache, lotebush, pricklyash (Hercules club), yaupon
Spike20P VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per45sq.ft.or2to4
inchesofstemdiameter
Lratingforhuisacheandlotebush
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1exceptinTrans-PecoswhereoptimumperiodisMay1toJuly1.
Applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.
Flameleaf sumac GrazonP+D VH1%
2to4gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(1to5oiltowaterratioisconsideredoptimum)or2to4gals.waterwith1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.waterforaerialspray.Groundbroadcastuse10to25gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(1⁄2to1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake10to25gals./acre)or10to25gals.waterwith1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.waterasgroundbroadcast.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateror5gals.dieselfueloilper100gals.spraymix(1:19oil-in-wateremulsion).Oil-in-wateremulsionrequiresuseofemulsifier.
Latespring,whenleavesmature.
Surmount H3to6pt.
(0.5to1.0lb.)
VH0.75%
Tordon22K H1to2pts.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)
VH1⁄2%
TankmixTordon22KwithRemedy
H1pt.(1⁄4lb.)Tordon22K
+1⁄2pt.(1⁄4lb.)Remedy
VH1⁄4%Tordon22K
+1⁄4%Remedy
TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester
VH1⁄4%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%,2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland 1�
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume(per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Greenbriar TankmixBanvelwith2,4-Dlowvolatileester
H**11⁄2%Banvel+3%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)indieselfueloil
Thoroughlywetstemswithdiesel/herbicidemix.
Winter. Useasdormantstemtreatment.Constantagitationisneededtomaintainpropermixture.
Hardwoods with a diameter of more than 1 inch except mesquite and huisache
2,4-Damine HUndiluted
Usetreeinjectororotherinjectingequipment.Applyincutsspaced2inchesapartatbaseoftrees.Applyuntil2,4-Drunsfromeachendofcut.
Summerorwinter.
Honeylocust GrazonP+D VH1%
Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.Applytotheleaves.Thoroughlywetfoliage,butnottothepointofdripping.
Spring,whenleavesmature.
Huisache Remedy H15%indieselfueloil
Applytolower12to18inchesoftrunktowetthetrunk;donotspraytopointofrunoff.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk.
Anytime–optimumtimeisgrowingseasonwhenplantshavematureleaves.
Thisiscommonlycalledthelow-volumebasalapplicationmethod.A5500-X1adjustableconenozzleispreferred.PathfinderII VH
Undiluted
GrazonP+D VH1%
Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.Applytotheleaves.Thoroughlywetfoliage,butnottothepointofdripping.
Bestresultsaregenerallyobtainedinthefall.
Ifplantsareshredded,waituntilregrowthis3ft.tallorhigherbeforetreatment.
Huisache, retama TankmixTordon22KwithRemedy
LtoM1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K
+1pt.(1⁄2lb.)Remedy
H1⁄2%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%Remedy
4-5gals.oil-in-wateremulsionasaerialspray(1qt.to1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake4-5gals./acre;a1-5oiltowaterratioisconsideredoptimum);20-25gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(1⁄2to1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake20-25gals./acre)or20-25gals.waterplussurfactant(1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water)asgroundbroadcast.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1-2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateror5gals.dieselfueloilper100gals.spraymix(1:19oil-in-wateremulsion).Oil-in-wateremulsionrequiresuseofemulsifier.
Spring,withmaturefoliageorfallwithgoodsoilmoistureandfoliage.
Whenusingoil-in-wateremulsion,useemulsifieraddedtooilforproperemulsion.
TankmixTordon22KwithReclaim
LtoM1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K
+1⁄3to2⁄3qt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)
Reclaim
H1⁄2%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%Reclaim
Surmount LtoM6pt.(1.0lb.)
H1%
Tordon22K LtoM1qt.(1⁄2lb.)
H1%
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
�0 ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Lotebush Remedy VH15%indieselfuel
Applytolower12-18in.ofthetrunktowetthebark.Donotspraytopointofrunoff.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk.
Anytime–optimumtimeisduringgrowingseasonwhenplantshavematureleaves.
PathfinderII VHUndiluted
Macartney rose (mowed and other disturbed stands within 3 years of disturbance)
2,4-Damine L**2qts.(2lbs.)
4lbs./gal.product
L1%(4lbs./gal.product)
5to15gals.waterasaerialspray;25to30gals.waterasgroundbroadcast.Thoroughlywetfoliageandstemsforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
SpringbeforeJune1,goodgrowthconditions.
Avoidsprayingearlierthan9to12monthsfollowingmowingorwhenplantshavehighpercentageofnewgrowth.Poorcontrolmaybeexpectedifplantsarelessthan3ft.tallwhensprayed.Repeattreatmentwhennecessary.
GrazonP+D H1gal.(2.5lbs.)
VH1%
Springorfall,goodgrowingconditions.
TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester
H1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K
+2qts.(2lbs.)2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%2,4-D
(4lbs./gal.product)
2,4-Dlowvolatileester L2qts.(2lbs.)
4lbs./gal.product
L1%(4lbs./gal.product)
Fall,undergoodmoistureconditions,beforeNov.1.
Macartney rose (undisturbed stands)
2,4-Damine L1gal.(4lbs.)
4lbs./gal.product
L1%(4lbs./gal.product)
5to15gals.waterasaerialspray;25to30gals.waterasgroundbroadcast.Thoroughlywetfoliageandstemsforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
SpringbeforeJune1,goodgrowthconditions.
GrazonP+D H1gal.(2.5lbs.)
VH1%
Springorfall,goodgrowthconditions.
TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester
H1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K
+2qts.(2lbs.)2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
VH1⁄4%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%2,4-D(4lbs./gal.
product)
2,4-Dlowvolatileester L3qts.(3lbs.)
4lbs./gal.product
L1%(4lbs./gal.product)
5to15gals.waterasaerialspray;25to30gals.waterasgroundbroadcast.Thoroughlywetfoliageandstemsforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
Fall,undergoodmoistureconditions,beforeNov.1.
Mesquite, huisache, twisted acacia
Dieselfueloil,kerosene H Applytobaseoftrunkfrom12to18inchesabovesoilsurfacedowntosoilsurface.Applyuntilsolutionpuddlesonsoilsurface.
Anytimesoilisdryandpulledawayfromthetrunk.
Applysufficientoiltopenetratetoplantbudzone.Dieselfueloildoesnotevaporateasfastaskerosene.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland �1
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Mesquite, huisache VelparL MtoH**4to8ml.per3ft.of
canopydiameterorheight,whicheverisgreater.
Latewinterthroughsummer.
ApplyundilutedVelparLorPrononePowerPelletstosoilsurfacebetweenthestembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparL.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle4ml.applicationofVelparL,or2PrononePowerPellets,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.
PrononePowerPellet MtoH2to4pelletsper3ft.of
canopydiameterorheight,whicheverisgreater.
Mesquite (basal stem diameter 11⁄2 inches or less)
Remedy VH15%indieselfueloil
Applytolower12to18inchesoftrunktowetthetrunk;donotspraytopointofrunoff.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk.
Anytime–optimumtimeisduringgrowingseasonwhenplantshavematureleaves.
Thisiscommonlycalledthelowvolumebasalapplicationmethod.Usea5500X1adjustableconenozzle.Useonlyonplantswithsmoothbarkandatrunkdiameterlessthan4inches.
PathfinderII VHUndiluted
Mesquite (basal stem diameter greater than 11⁄2 inches), Christ thorn
Remedy VH25%indieselfueloil
Mesquite (basal stem diameter 11⁄2 inches or less)
Remedy VH15%indieselfueloil10%d,llimonene(apenetrant)
maybeaddedtothemixture-seeremarks
Applytothetrunkina3-to4-inch-widebandneargroundleveloratlinedividingsmoothbarkfromcorkybark.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk.
Anytime–optimumtimeisduringgrowingseasonwhenplantshavematureleaves.
Thisiscommonlycalledthestreamlinebasalapplicationmethod.Useastraightstreamnozzle.Useonlyonplantswithsmoothbarkandatrunkdiameterlessthan4inches.Additionofapenetranttothemixtureaidswithcoveragearoundthetrunk.Tradenamesford,llimoneneareQuickStepII,Cide-Kick,Cide-KickIIandAD100.OtherpenetrantsmaybeeffectivebuthavenotbeentestedonrangelandsinTexas.
Mesquite (basal stem diameter greater than 11⁄2 inches)
Remedy VH25%indieselfueloil10%d,llimonene(apenetrant)
maybeaddedtothemixture-seeremarks
Mesquite (seedlings and saplings)
Remedy VH5%indieselfueloil
Applytolower12to18inchesoftrunktopointofrunoff,butnottothepointofpuddling.
MaythroughAugust. Thisiscommonlycalledthelowvolumebasalapplicationmethod.Usea5500X1adjustableconenozzle.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
�� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Mesquite, Christ thorn and other hardwoods (cut stumps)
Remedy VH**15%indieselfueloil
Spraythesidesofthestumpandtheouterportionofthecutsurface,includingthecambium,immediatelyaftercutting,tothoroughlywetthestemandrootcollararea,butnottothepointofrunoff.
Anyseasonoftheyear,exceptwhensnoworwaterpreventsprayingtothegroundline.
Thisiscommonlycalledthecutstumpapplicationmethod.Applywithabackpackorknapsacksprayerusinglowpressuresandasolidconeorflatfannozzle.Thisisanexcellenttreatmenttouseaftercuttingmesquitewithhydraulicshears.
PastureGard VH30%indieselfueloil
PathfinderII VHUndiluted
Mesquite(suppression and weed control)
2,4-Damine(includingHi-Dep)orlowvolatileester
L2to4qts.(2to4lbs.)
M2%(4lbs./gal.product)
Foraerialapplications,suggestedtotalsprayvolumeis4gals./acre.Useoil-in-wateremulsion(1to5oiltowaterratioconsideredoptimum),orwaterplussurfactant,cropoilormethylatedseedoil.
Forgroundbroadcastapplications,thesuggestedtotalsprayvolumeis10to25gals./acre.Useoil-in-wateremulsion(1to5oiltowaterratioconsideredoptimum),orwaterplussurfactant,cropoilormethylatedseedoil.
Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatments.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateroranoil-in-wateremulsion(5%diesel+95%water).
Latespringtomid-summerwithmatureleaves(darkgreencolor).Optimumperiodofapplicationbeginswhensoiltemperatureatadepthof12inchesreaches75°Fandcontinuesfor45daysthereafter.
Iftreatmentisappliedpriortooptimumsoiltemperatures,efficacyrateswillbelowerandmultipleapplicationsoveraperiodofyearsmaybenecessarytomaintainlessthan10%canopycover.
Treatmentswillcontrolmanyweeds.Whenusingoil-in-wateremulsion,useemulsifier.Useofatreatmentwithalowcontrolratingmayresultinmulti-stemgrowthformthatmaybemoredifficulttocontrolinthefuture.
GrazonP+D L1to11⁄2qts.
(0.6to0.9lb.)
Weedmaster L1to11⁄2qts.
(1to11⁄2lbs.)
CimarronMax LRate1toRate2
Tordon22K+2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester
L1⁄2to3⁄4pt.(1⁄8to3⁄16lb.)
Tordon22K+1to11⁄2qts.(1to11⁄2lbs.)2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product
Banvel+2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester
L1⁄2to3⁄4pt.(1⁄4to3⁄8lb.)Banvel+3⁄4to11⁄8qts.(3⁄4to11⁄8lbs.)2,4-D,
4lbs./gal.product
Remedy L1pt.to1qt.(1⁄2to1lb.)
M1%
Banvel L1pt.to1qt.(1⁄2to1lb.)
M1%
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland ��
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Mesquite Remedy VH**2%indieselfueloil
Applytobaseoftrunkfrom12to18inchesabovesoilsurfacedowntosoilsurface.Applyuntilsolutionpuddlesonsoilsurface.
Anytimesoilisdryandpulledawayfromtrunk.
Reclaim MtoH1⁄3qt.to2⁄3qt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)
VH1%
Foraerialapplications,suggestedtotalsprayvolumeis4gal./acre.Useoil-in-wateremulsion(1to5oiltowaterratioconsideredoptimum),orwaterplussurfactant,cropoilormethylatedseedoil.
Forgroundbroadcastapplications,thesuggestedtotalsprayvolumeis10to25gal./acre.Useoil-in-wateremulsion(1to5oiltowaterratioconsideredoptimum),orwaterplussurfactant,cropoilormethylatedseedoil.
Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatments.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateroranoil-in-wateremulsion(5%diesel+95%water).
Latespringtomid-summerwithmatureleaves(darkgreencolor).Optimumperiodofapplicationbeginswhensoiltemperatureatadepthof12inchesreaches75°Fandcontinuesfor45daysthereafter;whenReclaimisusedaloneorinatankmixtheperiodshouldcontinuefor60days.Foroptimumrootkill,donotsprayifwhiteflowersorbeanelongationareobservable,ifover25%oftheleafcanopyisdamagedduetoinsects,diseaseorhail,ifsoiltemperaturesarelessthan75deg.1ft.deep,orifnewvegetativegrowthispresentduetorecentrains.
Use1pt./acreTordon22Kplus1⁄2pt./acreRemedy,1⁄2pt./acreBanvelplus1⁄2pt./acreRemedy,1pt./acreTordon22Kplus1⁄2pt./acreBanvel,1pt./acreTordon22Kplus1⁄3qt./acreReclaimand1⁄3qt./acreReclaimonlyinWestTexas.BanvelandBanvelmixtureshavebeenmoreeffectiveinWestTexasthaninotherpartsofthestate.Usemixturesthatinclude1⁄4pt./acreRemedyand1⁄3pt./acreReclaimonlyinMontague,Wise,Parker,Hood,Somervell,Bosque,Coryell,Lampasas,Burnet,Blanco,Kendall,Bandera,Real,EdwardsandValVerdecountiesandthosecountiesnorthandwestofthenamedcounties.Mixturesthatinclude1⁄2pt.Remedyand2⁄3pt.Reclaimwillgivebettercontrolthanmixtureswith1⁄4pt.Remedyand1⁄3pt.Reclaim.Whenusingoil-in-wateremulsion,useemulsifieraddedtooilforproperemulsion.Useofatreatmentwithalow-controlratingmayresultinamulti-stemgrowthformthatmaybemoredifficulttocontrolinthefuture.
Remedy+Tordon22K M1⁄2to1pt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)
Remedy+
1to2pts.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K
MtoH1⁄2%Remedy
+1⁄2%Tordon22K
Remedy+Banvel L1⁄2to1pt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)
Remedy+
1⁄2to1pt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)Banvel
M1⁄2%Remedy
+1⁄2%Banvel
Remedy+Reclaim MtoH1⁄4to1pt.
(1⁄8to1⁄2lb.)Remedy+
1⁄3to2⁄3pt.(1⁄8to1⁄4lb.)Reclaim
VH1⁄2%Remedy
+1⁄2%Reclaim
Tordon22K+Banvel M1to2pts.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)
Tordon22K+
1⁄2to1pt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)Banvel
H1⁄2%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%Banvel
Tordon22K+Reclaim MtoH1to2pts.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)
Tordon22K+
1⁄3to2⁄3qt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)Reclaim
VH1⁄2%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%Reclaim
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
�� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Mesquite (continued) TankmixRemedy,ReclaimandTordon22K
MtoH**1⁄4to1⁄2pt.(1⁄8to1⁄4lb.)
Remedy+
1⁄3to2⁄3pt.(1⁄8to1⁄4lb.)Reclaim
+2pts.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K
Recommendedformixturesofmesquiteandpricklypearcactus.
Reclaim(seeremarks) H2⁄3qt.(1⁄2lb.)
VH1%
Aug.1toSept.30withasoiltemperatureof75°Formoreatadepthof12inches.Donotapplyafterafrosthasoccurred.
UseonlyinMontague,Wise,Coryell,Lampasas,Burnet,Blanco,Kendall,Bandera,Real,EdwardsandValVerdeCountiesandthosecountiesnorthandwestofthenamedcounties.
Tordon22K VH1gal.(2lbs.)
Appliedwithacarpetedroller. LatespringthroughAugustwithmatureleaves(darkgreencolor).Bestcontrolduringtheperiodthatbeginswhensoiltemperatureatadepthof12inchesreaches75°Fandcontinuedfor45daysthereafter;whenReclaimisusedaloneorinatankmix,theperiodshouldcontinuefor60daysaftersoiltemperaturereaches75°F.
Mesquiteshouldbelessthan6ft.tallandshouldpassundercarpetedrollerwithoutbreakingthemainstem.Mixrecommendedquantityofherbicidewithwatertomake8gals.ofmixture.Add3to6ozs.ofsurfactantforeach8gals.mixed.
Reclaim VH2⁄3gal.(2lbs.)
TankmixTordon22KwithReclaim
VH2qts.(1lb.)Tordon22K
+11⁄3qts.(1lb.)Reclaim
Mesquite, western honey
TankmixRemedywithReclaim
VH1⁄2%Remedy
+1⁄2%Reclaim
Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateror5gals.dieselfueloilper100gals.spraymix(1:19oil-in-wateremulsion).Oil-in-wateremulsionrequiresuseofemulsifier.
Beginsprayinginthespringafterthesoiltemperaturehasreached75°F,at12in.deep.Thisoftencoincideswiththechangeincolorofthefoliagefromalightpeagreentoauniformdarkgreen.ThesprayperiodwilllastthroughSeptember.
WesternhoneymesquiteismostcommoninthewesternportionoftheTrans-PecosregionofTexas.Thisvarietyofmesquiteisnotusuallykilledbybroadcastsprays.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland ��
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Mixed brush (South Texas - will include several of the following: blackbrush, catclaw acacia, guajillo, granjeno or spiny hackberry, huisache, mesquite, pricklypear, retama, skunkbush, tasajillo, twisted acacia
TankmixTordon22KwithRemedy
M**2pts.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K
+1pt.(1⁄2lb.)Remedy
H1⁄2%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%Remedy
4gals.oil-in-wateremulsionasaerialspray(1qt.to1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake4gals./acre;a1to5oiltowaterratioisconsideredoptimum);20to25gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(1⁄2to1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake20to25gals./acre)or20to25gals.water/acreplussurfactant(1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water)asgroundbroadcast.
Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateror5gals.wateror5gals.dieselfueloilper100gals.spraymix(1:19oil-in-wateremulsion).Oil-in-wateremulsionrequiresuseofemulsifier.
Latespringtomid-summerwithmatureleaves(darkgreencolor).Optimumperiodofapplicationbeginswhensoiltemperatureatadepthof12inchesreaches75°Fandcontinuesfor45daysthereafter;withtheReclaimtankmixtheperiodshouldcontinuefor60daysaftersoiltemperaturereaches75°F.Ifmesquitehas10%canopycoverorless,applicationmaybemadeinspringorfall.
Themixtureof1qt.Tordon22Kplus2⁄3qt.Reclaimwillusuallyprovidebetterresultsthanthe1qt.Tordon22Kplus1⁄3qt.Reclaimmixture.Mixtureswillcontrolmostweeds.Whenusingoil-in-wateremulsion,useemulsifieraddedtooilforproperemulsion.
TankmixTordon22KwithReclaim
M1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K
+1⁄3to2⁄3qt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)
Reclaim
H1⁄2%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%Reclaim
TankmixTordon22KwithBanvel
M2pts.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K
+1pt.(1⁄2lb.)Banvel
H1⁄2%Tordon22K
+1⁄2%Banvel
Mixed brush - Davis Mountains (includes catclaw acacia, catclaw mimosa and whitebrush)
Spike20P M**7.5to10lbs.ofpellets
(1.5to2lbs.)
H1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per
50to100sq.ft.
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisMay1toJuly1.
Use10lbs.ofpellets/acrewhensoilisaloam,siltloam,silt,sandyclayloamorclayloam.Uselowratewhensoilisasand,loamysandorsandyloam.Forindividualplanttreatment,applypelletsevenlyonsoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondthecanopyedge.
Mohrs shinoak Spike20P VH5lbs.ofpellets(1lb.)
VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per
100sq.ft.
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1.
UseonlywhenoakstandispredominantlyMohrsshinoak.ThesestandsaregenerallyfoundinTaylor,Nolan,Coke,SterlingandMitchellcounties.
Forindividualplanttreatment,applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
�� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Pricklypear, tasajillo Tordon22K H**1pt.to1qt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)
VH1%
2to4gals.oil-in-wateremulsionasaerialspray(1to5dieselfueloiltowaterratioisconsideredoptimum).20to25gals.oil-in-wateremulsionasgroundbroadcast(1gal.dieselfueloilper20to25gals.water)or20to25gals.waterperacreplus1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water).
Thoroughlywetplantsforindividualplanttreatment,adding1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.spraymix.
Anytime—bestresultshavebeenobtainedwithlatesummerthroughfallapplications.
Useemulsifierwhenaddingdieselfueloiltowater.Use1pt./ac.Tordon22KonlyonHighPlainswherenobrushoverstoryispresent.Latesummerorfallapplications(especiallywithVista)willprovidebestresults,butaeriallysprayinthewinterorearlyspringifheavyoverstoryofwoodyplantsispresentorifdamagetoliveoakisaconcern.
Surmount H4pts.(0.67lb.)
VH1%
GrazonP+D H1gal.(2.5lbs.)
VH2%
Vista VH1%
Prescribedburn+Tordon22K
VH**1⁄2pt.to1pt.(1⁄8to1⁄4lb.)
VH1%
Forindividualplanttreatment,thoroughlywetallpadsandcrownsthatsurvivethefire.Useawatercarrierandadd1-2qts.surfactant/100gals.water.
Afterburn,whennewpadsare3in.tall.Ifnewpadsdonotdevelop,spraybyApril30.
CarryoutprescribedburnbetweenDecemberandMarch.Sufficientfinefuelwithgoodfuelcontinuityshouldbepresenttoprovideauniformburnwithmoderatetohighintensity.Spraytheburnedareawithin5monthsoftheburnbutnolaterthanApril30(May31ifnewpadsdonotdevelopbyApril30).Use1⁄2pt.Tordon22Kwhentheprescribedburnissufficientlyintensetobrown-outmostpricklypearpadswithlessthan10percentofthepricklypeargreen2weeksaftertheburn.Use1pt.Tordon22Kfollowingmoderateintensityburnwithmorethan10percentofthepricklypeargreen2weeksaftertheburn.TheprescribedburnplusTordon22KtreatmentisnotrecommendedfortheRioGrandePlainslandresourcearea.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland ��
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Redberry juniper (redberry cedar)
VelparL(plantslessthan6ft.tall)
VH2ml.per3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter(whicheverisgreater)
Latewinterthroughsummer.
ApplyundilutedVelparLorPrononePowerPelletstosoilsurfacebetweenthestembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparL.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle2or4ml.applicationofVelparL,or1PrononePowerPellet,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.
PrononePowerPellet(plantslessthan6ft.tall)
VH1pelletper3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter(whicheverisgreater)
VelparL(plantsmorethan6ft.tall)
H4ml.per3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter(whicheverisgreater)
PrononePowerPellet(plantsmorethan6ft.tall)
H2pelletsper3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter(whicheverisgreater)
Tordon22K VH**4ml.per3ft.ofheight
orcanopydiameter(whicheverisgreater)
Springthroughfall,beforeexpectedrainfall.
ApplyundilutedTordon22Ktothestembaseatornearthegroundline.Useanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplythe4ml.dose.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle4ml.application,spacesubsequentapplicationsequallyaroundtheplant.Donotuseonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.
Redberry juniper(cut stumps)
Tordon22K VH4%inwater
Spraythesidesofthestumpandthecutsurface,includingthecambium,immediatelyaftercutting,tothoroughlywetthestemandrootcollararea,butnottothepointofrunoff.Add1to2qts.surfactantto100gals.spraymix.
Anyseasonoftheyear,exceptwhensnoworwaterpreventsprayingtothegroundline.
Thisiscommonlycalledthecutstumpapplicationmethod.Applywithabackpackorknapsacksprayer,usinglowpressuresandasolidconeorflatfannozzle.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
�� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Running Live Oak Spike20P VH5to10lbs.ofpellets
(1to2lbs.)
VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per
50to100sq.ft.
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1.
Uselowrateonbrush2to8ft.tall.Use7.5lbs.ofpellets/acrewhenbrushis2to8ft.tallonrollingorhummockingsiteandwhenliveoakplantsare8ft.ortallerwithoutunderstoryspeciessuchasyaupon.Use10lbs.ofpellets/acrewhenliveoakplantsaretallerthan8ft.andanunderstoryofyauponandotherspeciesispresent.Forindividualplanttreatment,applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.
Sacahuista Spike20P H1⁄4oz.ofpellets(0.05oz.)
perplant
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1exceptinTrans-PecoswhereoptimumperiodisMay1toJuly1.
Applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopynearthestembase.
Saltcedar Arsenal VH**2qts.(1lb.)
VH1%
Minimum10gals./acreforaerialorgroundbroadcastsprays.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.
JulythroughSeptember,oruntilleavesbegintoturnyellow.
Whenexposuretoaquaticenvironmentsispossible,useaquaticlabelsofArsenalandRoundup(seetable“Common,ChemicalandProductNamesofHerbicides”).ArsenalaloneorincombinationwithRoundupwilldamagedesirableplantsifcontactedbythespraymix.
Arsenal+Roundup VH1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Arsenal
+1pt.(1⁄2lb.)Roundup
VH1⁄2%Arsenal
+1⁄2%Roundup
Remedy VH25%indieselfueloil
Applytolower12to18inchesoftrunktowetthetrunk;donotspraytopointofrunoff.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk.
Growingseasonwhenplantshavematureleaves.
Thisiscommonlycalledthelowvolumebasalapplicationmethod.Useahollowconenozzle.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFromulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland ��
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Sand sagebrush 2,4-Dlowvolatileester H1qt.(1lb.)4lbs./gal.product{upto2qts.(2lbs.)forground
broadcast}
VH1%(4lbs./gal.product)
2to4gals.oil-in-wateremulsionasaerialspray(1pt.to1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake2to4gals./acre;a1to5oiltowaterratioisconsideredoptimum).Groundbroadcast20to25gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake20to25gals./acre)or20to25gals.water/acrewith1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateror5gals.dieselfueloilper100gals.spraymix(1:19oil-in-wateremulsion).Oil-in-wateremulsionrequiresemulsifier.
May1toJune15undergoodgrowthconditionswithplantsfullyleafed.
Donotspraywhenplantsaredefoliatedbylatefreeze,hailorunfavorablegrowthconditions.
CimarronMax+2,4-Dlowvolatileester
HRate1CimarronMax
+1pt.(0.5lb.)2,4-D4lbs./gal.product
Sand shinnery oak Spike20P VH3.75to5lbs.ofpellets
(3⁄4to1lb.)
VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)
per100sq.ft.
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1exceptinTrans-PecoswhereoptimumperiodisMay1toJuly1.
Use3.75lbs.pellets/acreinsouthernHighPlainsandRollingPlains.Use5lbs.pellets/acreineasternPanhandlenorthofPrairieDogTownForkoftheRedRiver.Forindividualplanttreatment,applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.
Whitebrush (beebrush, beebush)
Spike20P VH**5to7.5lbs.ofpellets
(1to11⁄2lbs.)
VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)
per50to100sq.ft.
Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1exceptinTrans-PecoswhereoptimumperiodisMay1toJuly1.
Use5lbs.pellets/acreonsand,loamysandorsandyloamsoils.Use6.25lbs.pellets/acreonsoilswith20to30percentclay.Use7.5lbs.pellets/acreonareaswithgrassproductiongreaterthan1,500lbs./acreoronareaswheremesquite,Texaspersimmonorotherwoodyplantshaveacanopycoverof20percentormorewithwhitebrushthatis6ft.tallortaller.
Forindividualplanttreatment,applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFromulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
�0 ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland
Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common
and chemical names -page 4)
Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)
Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,
as described for individual plant)
Time to apply
Remarks
Broadcast rate per acre
Individual plant treatment*
Yucca Remedy H2%indieselfueloil
Spraythecenterofeachindividualwhorlofleavestothepointofrunoff.
Anytime. Completecoverageofleavesisnotnecessary.Thecrownofeachplantmustbethoroughlywettedwiththeherbicidemixture.
H2%in1:5dieselfueloil:
wateremulsion
MaythroughSeptember. Useemulsifierandagitatetomaintainemulsion.Completecoverageofleavesisnotnecessary.Thecrownofeachplantmustbethoroughlywettedwiththeherbicidemixture.
VH15%indieselfueloil
Useanadjustableconenozzle(X1orifice)andspraya2secondburstintoeachwhorl.
Springandsummer. Directsprayintothecenterofeachwhorl.
HUndiluted
2to4ml./plantwhorl
Useanexactdeliveryhandgunsetat2or4ml.perwhorldose.
PathfinderII VHUndiluted
Useanadjustableconenozzle(X1orifice)andspraya2secondburstintoeachwhorl.
CimarronMax+2,4-Dlowvolatileester
HRate2
CimarronMax+
1pt.to1.5pts.2,4-D(4lbs.a.i./gal.product)
Cropoilconcentrate,modifiedseedoilormodifiedseedoil/organosiliconearethepreferredadjuvants.Foraerialapplications,aminimumof4gals./ac.totalsprayvolumeisrecommended.
Springthroughfallpriortofrost.
Asecondfollow-upapplicationofCimarronMaxatRate1orRate2plus2,4-Dlowvolatileesterat0.5to0.75lb.a.i./ac.within2yearsoftheinitialapplicationmayberequiredtocontrolyuccaseedlingsandregrowthfromrootstocks.
*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFromulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low
Theinformationgivenhereinisforeducationalpurposesonly.ReferencetocommercialproductsortradenamesismadewiththeunderstandingthatnodiscriminationisintendedandnoendorsementbyTexasCooperativeExtensionisimplied.
ProducedbyAgriculturalCommunications,TheTexasA&MUniversitySystemExtensionpublicationscanbefoundontheWebat:http://tcebookstore.org
VisitTexasCooperativeExtensionathttp://texasextension.tamu.edu
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IssuedinfurtheranceofCooperativeExtensionWorkinAgricultureandHomeEconomics,ActsofCongressofMay8,1914,asamended,andJune30,1914,incooperationwiththeUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture.EdwardG.Smith,Director,TexasCooperativeExtension,TheTexasA&MUniversitySystem.
1500,Revision
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