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PropulsionResearchLaboratoryCHEMICALHYGIENEPLAN
LaboratoryLocation(buildingandroom):_____IndustrialSciences101____________________DepartmentorCampusUnit:___MechanicalandAerospaceEngineering__________________CampusUnitSafetyCoordinator:_____DavidBritt____________________________________PrincipalInvestigator:___StephenA.Whitmore______________________________________ LaboratorySafetyCoordinator:_____________________________________________________(ifdifferentfromPI)Dateofplancompletion:______01/13/2017______________________________________________________Personwhocompletedtheplan:__StephenA.Whitmore________________________________Titleofpersoncompletingtheplan:___Professor______________________________________Annualreview(includinganynecessaryupdating)oftheplanisrequired.OncereviewedandupdateditmustbesenttotheUSUChemicalHygieneCommitteeforapproval,UMC8315.Referencesinthisdocumentaremadetothefollowingtext:PrudentPracticesforHandlingHazardousChemicalsinLaboratories,NationalResearchCouncil,NationalAcademyPress,2011.This manual along with other chemical safety and health references are available online athttp://rgs.usu.edu/ehs/.
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UTAHSTATEUNIVERSITYCHEMICALHYGIENEPLAN
TableofContents
A. GeneralPrinciples
1.MinimizeallChemicalExposures2.AvoidUnderestimationofRisk3.ProvideAdequateVentilation4.InstituteaChemicalHygieneProgram5.ObservethePELsandTLVs6.UnderstandRoutesofExposuretoToxicChemicals7.MaintainReadilyAvailableFilesofMSDSs
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B. ChemicalHygieneResponsibilities1.LaboratoryWorker2.LaboratorySupervisorandPrincipalInvestigator3.CampusUnitSafetyCoordinator4.USUEH&SOfficeandChemicalHygieneOfficer5.DepartmentHeadorCampusUnitDirector6.UniversityAdministration
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C. TheLaboratoryFacility1.Design2.Maintenance3.Usage4.Ventilation
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t t
t
D. ChemicalHygieneinThisLaboratory1.BasicChemicalHygieneRules2.AdditionalRulesSpecifictoThisLaboratory3.ChemicalsPosingSignificantlyHighHazard3.1Allergens3.2ChemicalsofHighAcuteToxicity3.3ReproductiveToxins(includeembryotoxins)3.4ChemicalofHighChronicToxicity(Carcinogens)3.5AnimalWorkwithChemicalsofHighChronicToxicity3.6PhysicalHazards4.ChemicalHygieneStandardOperatingProcedures(SOPs)specifictothelaboratory5.ChemicalProcurement,Distribution,andStorage6.EnvironmentalMonitoring7.HousekeepingandMaintenance8.LaboratoryAudits9.MedicalProgram10.PersonalProtectiveApparelandEquipment
88101111131517202223242425252526
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11.Records12.SignsandLabels13.SpillsandAccidents14.InformationandTraining15.WasteDisposal
2627272728
t E. ChemicalInventory 29t F. SafetyDataSheets(SDS) 29 G. PhysicalHazards 29
t H. LaboratorySafetyTrainingCertificates 29
t SpecificLaboratoryInformationRequired
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A.GENERALPRINCIPLESFORWORKWITHLABORATORYCHEMICAL1. It is prudent tominimize all chemical exposures. Because few laboratory chemicals are
withouthazards,precautionsforhandlingalllaboratorychemicalsshouldbeadopted.Skincontactwithchemicalsshouldbeavoidedasacardinalrule.
2. Avoidunderestimationofrisk.Evenforsubstancesofnoknownhazard,exposureshould
beminimized;forworkwithsubstanceswhichpresenthazards,specialprecautionsshouldbe taken. One should assume that any mixture will be more toxic than its most toxiccomponentandthatallsubstancesofunknowntoxicityaretoxic.
3. Provideadequateventilation.Thebestwaytopreventexposuretoairbornesubstancesisto prevent their escape into theworking atmosphere by use of local exhaust hoods andclosedchemicalcontainers.
4. Instituteachemicalhygieneprogram.TheOSHALaboratoryStandardrequiresachemical
hygiene program be developed and implemented for all laboratories. A mandatorychemical hygiene program designed to minimize exposures is needed, it should be anongoing, continuing effort, notmerely a one-time or short-term activity. Its proceduresshouldbefollowedinacademicteachinglaboratoriesaswellasresearchlaboratories.
5. Observe the PELs and TLVs. The OSHA Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL’s) and the
AmericanConferenceofGovernmental IndustrialHygienistsThresholdLimitValues(TLV’s)shouldnotbeexceeded. Engineering controls shouldbe implemented if action levels areexceeded.
6. UnderstandRoutesofExposuretoToxicChemicals.Toxicchemicalsmayenteryourbody
throughseveralroutes: a. Byinhalationthroughthenoseormouth. b. Byabsorptionthroughtheskin,eyes,andmucousmembranes.
c. Byingestion,viaunwashedhands.d. Byinjectionviabrokenglass,needles,knives,orothersharpinstruments.
7. Proper controlmethods reduce risk of chemical related injury or illness by eliminating
theseroutesofentry.Chemicalhygienecontrolmethodsaredividedintothreecategories: a. EngineeringControls: Localexhaustventilation,gloveboxes,safetyinterlocks b. AdministrativeControls:
StandardOperatingProcedures(SOP’s),RiskAssessment,substitutionofalesstoxicmaterialforamoretoxicmaterial,processorprotocolchanges.
c. PersonalProtectionEquipmentSafety glasses, goggles, face shields, respirators, and protective clothing (e.g.gloves,labcoats,aprons,andetc.)
8. Maintain readily available files of SafetyData Sheets.SafetyData Sheets contain safety
and health information on the hazardous properties and proper handling of chemicals.ChemicalusersshouldmakeanefforttobefamiliarwiththeSDS’sforthechemicalswith
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which theywork. OSHA requires thatworkers have immediate access to SDS’s for eachchemicalintheworkarea.SeesectionFtofindouthowtoobtainSDS’s.
B.CHEMICALHYGIENERESPONSIBILITIESResponsibility for chemical hygiene restswith various individuals and organizations includingthe:1. LaboratoryWorker,whoisresponsiblefor:
a. Knowingandfollowingthechemicalhygienerules . b. Planning and conducting each operation in accordance with the laboratory
specificchemicalhygieneprocedures.c. Developinggoodpersonalchemicalhygienehabits.
2. Principal Investigator and Laboratory Supervisor who have primary responsibility for
chemicalhygieneinthelaboratory,includingresponsibilityto: a. Ensure that workers know and follow the chemical hygiene procedures that
protective equipment is available and inworking order, and that appropriatesafetyandhealthtraininghasbeenprovided.
b. Provide routine, formal chemical hygiene and housekeeping inspection;includinginspectionsofemergencyequipment.
c. Knowthecurrentlegalrequirementsconcerningregulatedsubstances.d.Determinetherequiredlevelsofprotectiveapparelandequipment.e. Ensurethatfacilitiesareadequateandtrainingiscurrentforanymaterialbeing
usedororderedforthelaboratory.3. Campus Unit Safety Coordinator, as assigned by the department head or campus unit
directorwhomust: a. ServeasliaisonbetweenUSUEH&SOfficeandhis/herCampusUnit. b. Knowthecurrentlegalrequirementsconcerningregulatedsubstances. c. See that laboratory personnel are informed and trained, as required by the
standard.4. The EH&S Office (ext. 7-2892) is a resource for improving chemical hygiene in the
laboratoriesandforhelpingyoucomplywithallsafetyandhealthregulations. SomeoftheservicesprovidedbytheEH&SOfficetohelpyoucomplywiththeOSHALabStandardinclude:
a. MakingaboilerplateChemicalHygienePlansavailable. b. ReviewoflaboratoryspecificChemicalHygienePlans. c. Conductgenerallabsafetytrainingandprovidechemicalhygieneinformation. d. Annualinspectionsoflabhoods. e. Environmentalmonitoringwhenhighexposurestochemicalsaresuspected. f. Periodicsafetyauditsoflabfacilities. g. ConsultationindevelopingStandardOperatingProcedures.
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5. TheCampusChemicalHygieneOfficerwillbefromtheEnvironmentalHealthandSafety
Officestaffasassignedbythedirectorandwill:a. Work with administrators and other employees to develop and implement
appropriatechemicalhygienepoliciesandpractices.b. Provide information relating to procurement, use, and disposal of chemicals
usedinthelab.c. Seethatappropriateauditsareperformed.d. Helpprojectdirectorsidentifyappropriateequipmentandadequatefacilities.e. Knowthecurrentlegalrequirementsconcerningregulatedsubstances.f. Seekwaystoimprovethechemicalhygieneprogram.
6. DepartmentHeadorotherCampusUnitDirector,whoisresponsibleforoverallchemical
hygieneinthatunit.7. President of Utah State University, the Vice-president for Research and other
administrators who have ultimate responsibility for chemical hygiene within theinstitution and must, with other administrators, provide continuing support forinstitutionalchemicalhygiene.
C.THELABORATORYFACILITY1. Design.Thelaboratoryfacilityshouldhave:
a. Anappropriategeneralventilationsystemwithairintakesandexhaustslocated
soastoavoidintakeofcontaminatedair. b. Adequate,well-ventilatedchemicalstoragerooms. c. Properlyfunctioninglaboratoryhoodsandsinks. d. Othersafetyequipmentincludingeyewashfountainsanddrenchshowers. e. Arrangementsforwastedisposal.2. Maintenance. Chemical-hygiene-related equipment (hoods, incinerator, etc.) should be
evaluatedroutinely.
3. Usage.Theworkconductedandtowhatextenttheworkisconductedmustbeappropriatefor the physical facilities available and, especially, to the availability and quality ofventilation.
4. Ventilation.
a. Generallaboratoryventilation.Thissystemshould:i. Provideasourceofairforbreathingandforinputtolocalventilation
devices.ii. Itshouldnotbereliedonforprotectionfromtoxicsubstancesreleasedinto
thelaboratory.
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iii. Ensurethatlaboratoryairiscontinuallyreplacedwithacceptablelevelsoffreshair,therebypreventingincreasedconcentrationsoftoxicsubstancesduringtheworkingday.
iv. Directairflowintothelaboratoryfromnon-laboratoryareasandouttotheexteriorofthebuilding.
b. Hoods.Alaboratoryhoodwith2.5linearfeetofhoodspaceperpersonshould
beprovidedforevery2workers if theyspendmostof their timeworkingwithchemicals. Each hood should have a continuous monitoring device to allowconvenientconfirmationofadequatehoodperformancebeforeuse.Ifthisisnotpossible,workwithsubstancesofunknowntoxicityshouldbeavoidedorothertypes of local ventilation devices should be provided. Questions related tochemicalhoodadequacy,need,etc.shouldbedirectedtoEnvironmentalHealthandSafety.
c. Other local ventilation devices. Ventilated storage cabinets, canopy hoods,
snorkels, etc. should be provided as needed. Each canopy hood and snorkelshouldhaveaseparateexhaustduct.
d. Special ventilation areas. Exhaust air from glove boxes and isolation rooms
shouldbepassedthroughscrubbersorother treatmentdevicesbeforereleaseinto the regular exhaust system. Cold rooms and warm rooms should haveprovisionsforrapidescapeandforescapeintheeventofelectricalfailure.
e. Modifications. Anyalterationoftheventilationsystemshouldbemadeonly if
thoroughtestingindicatesthatworkerprotectionfromairbornetoxicsubstanceswillcontinuetobeadequate.
f. Performance. Rate:4-12roomairchanges/hour isnormallyadequategeneral
ventilation,forlaboratories,iflocalexhaustsystemssuchashoodsareusedastheprimarymethodofcontrol.
g. Quality. General air flow should not be turbulent and should be relatively
uniformthroughoutthelaboratory,withnohighvelocityorstaticareas.Airflowintoandwithin thehoodshouldnotbeexcessively turbulent. Ideally thehoodface velocities should be 100 fpm (feet perminute) +/-25 fpm at theworkingsashheight(generally16").
h. Evaluation. Quality and quantity of ventilation should be evaluated on
installation, regularly monitored, and reevaluated whenever a change in thelocal ventilation devices is made. EH&S Office personnel monitor hood flowratesregularlyandareavailableforotherventilationmonitoringandadvice.
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D.CHEMICALHYGIENEINTHELABORATORYLaboratoryworkerswill knowand follow the rules, procedures and recommendations in thisChemicalHygienePlan.1. BasicChemicalHygieneRulesThefollowingwillbeusedforessentiallyalllaboratoryworkwithchemicals:
a. Accidentsandspills:
i.EyeContact: Promptlyflusheyeswithwaterforaprolongedperiod(15
minutes)andseekmedicalattention.
ii.Ingestion: Encouragethevictimtodrinklargeamountsofwater.RefertotheSafetyDataSheet.
iii.SkinContact: Promptlyflushtheaffectedareawithwaterandremoveany
contaminatedclothing.Ifsymptomspersistafterwashing,seekmedicalattention.
iv.Clean-up: Promptlycleanupspills,usingappropriateprotective
apparelandequipmentandproperdisposal.
b. Avoidance of "routine" exposure: Develop and encourage safe habits. Avoidunnecessaryexposuretochemicalsbyanyroute.
i. Donotsmellortastechemicals. ii. Vent any apparatus which may discharge toxic chemicals (vacuum
pumps,distillationcolumns,andetc.)intolocalexhaustdevices. iii. Inspectglovesandotherpersonalprotectiveequipmentbeforeuse. iv. Donotallowreleaseoftoxicsubstancesincoldroomsandwarmrooms,
sincethesecontainre-circulatedatmospheres.
c. Choice of chemicals: Use only those chemicals for which the quality of theavailableventilationsystemisappropriate.
d. Eating,smoking,etc.:Donoteat,drink,smoke,chewgum,orapplycosmeticsin
areaswhere laboratory chemicals are present.Wash hands before conductingtheseactivities.Donotallowstorage,handling,preparation,orconsumptionoffoodandbeveragesinareaswhichareusedforlaboratoryoperations.
e. Equipmentandglassware:Handleandstore laboratoryglasswarewithcare to
avoiddamage.Donotusedamagedglassware.UseextracarewithDewarflasksandotherevacuatedglassapparatus;shieldorwrapthemtocontainchemicalsand fragments should implosion occur. Use equipment only for its designedpurpose.
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f. Exiting:Thoroughlywashareasofexposedskinbeforeleavingthelaboratory.g. Horseplay:Avoidpracticaljokesorotherbehaviorwhichmightconfuse,startle,
ordistractanotherworker.
h. Mouthsuction:Donotusemouthsuctionforpipettingorstartingasiphon.
i. Personalapparel:Confinelonghairandlooseclothing.Wearshoesatalltimesin the laboratory.Sandals,perforatedoropen-toedshoesshouldnotbeworn.Alwayswearlongpants,notskirtsorshortpants.Wearalabcoat.
j. Personal housekeeping: Keep the work area clean and uncluttered, with
chemicalsandequipmentbeingproperlylabeledandstored.Cleanuptheworkareaoncompletionofanoperationorattheendofeachday.
k. Personal protection: Assure that appropriate eye protection is worn by all
persons, including visitors, where chemicals are stored or handled. Wearappropriate gloves when the potential for contact with toxic materials exists;inspect the gloves before each use, wash them before removal, and replacethemperiodically.Useappropriaterespiratoryequipmentwhenaircontaminantconcentrationsarenotsufficientlyrestrictedbyengineeringcontrols,inspectingtherespiratorbeforeuse.Useanyotherprotectiveandemergencyapparelandequipmentasappropriate.Avoiduseofcontactlensesinthelaboratoryunlessnecessary; if they are used, inform supervisor so special precautions can betaken.Removelaboratorycoatsimmediatelyonsignificantcontamination.
l. Planning: Seek information and advice about hazards, plan appropriate
protectiveprocedures,andplanpositioningofequipmentbeforebeginninganynewoperation.
m. Unattendedoperations:Leavelightson,placeanappropriatesignonthedoor,
andprovideforcontainmentoftoxicsubstancesintheeventoffailureofautilityservice(suchascoolingwater)toanunattendedoperation.
n. Useofhood:Usethehoodforoperationswhichmightresultinreleaseoftoxic
chemical vapors or dust. In general, use the hoodwhenever feasible to limitexposureto laboratoryworkers. Asaruleofthumb,useahoodorother localventilationdevicewhenworkingwithanyappreciablyvolatilesubstancewithaTLVoflessthan50ppm.Confirmadequatehoodperformancebeforeuse;keephood closed at all times except when adjustments within the hood are beingmade;keepmaterialsstoredinhoodstoaminimumanddonotallowthemtoblockventsorairflow.Leavethehood"on"whenitisnotinactiveuse,iftoxicsubstances are stored in it or if it is uncertain whether adequate generallaboratoryventilationwillbemaintainedwhenitis"off".
o. Vigilance: Be alert to unsafe conditions and see that they are correctedwhen
detected.
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p. Waste disposal: Assure that each laboratory operation includes plans and
training for waste disposal. Deposit chemical waste in appropriately labeledchemicallycompatiblereceptaclesandfollowUSUHazardousWasteGuidelines.Thefollowingchemicalswillnotbedischargedtothesewer:concentratedacidsor bases, toxic, flammable substances, reactive materials, malodorous,lachrymatory, explosive, or any substances which might interfere with thebiological activity of waste water treatment plants, create fire or explosionhazards,causestructuraldamage,orobstructflow.ConsulttheEH&SOfficeifyouhavedisposalquestionsonaparticularchemicalwaste.
q. Working alone: Avoid working alone in a building. Do not work alone in a
laboratoryiftheproceduresbeingconductedarehazardous.
r. Chemicalswithunknownhazards:Chemicalswhosehazardouspropertieshavenot been evaluated (no SDS available) will be considered highly toxic andhandledassuch.(Seesections3.4and3.5ofthisCHP)
2.AdditionalRulesspecifictothislaboratory a. Aim:Toassurethathazardsspecifictothelabareaddressed. Examplesofadditionalrules: i.Requirementthatvisitorscheck-inatofficeandweareyeprotection. ii.Requirementthatcabinetdoorstochemicalstoragebekeptclosed.
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3.Chemicalsposingsignificantlyhighhazards3.1WorkwithAllergensAllergensorsensitizers.Achemicalallergyisanadversereactionbytheimmunesystemtoachemical. Such allergic reactions result from previous sensitization to that chemical or astructurallysimilarchemical.Oncesensitizationoccurs,allergicreactionsresultfromexposuretoextremelylowdosesofthechemical.Individualsdifferwidelyintheirtendencytobecomesensitized to allergens. Examples of chemical substances that cause that cause allergicreactionsinsomeindividualsinclude:diazomethane,dicyclohexylcarbodiimide,formaldehydeandphenol derivatives, various isocyanates, benzylic and allylic halides, acid anhydrides, andmetalssuchasnickel,beryllium,platinum,cobalt,tin,andchromium.
a. Wear suitable gloves to prevent hand contact with allergens of substances of
unknownallergenicactivity.Thoroughlywashhands immediatelyafterworkingwiththesematerials.
b. Utilizechemicalhoodsorotherlocalexhaustventilationtolimitexposure.c. Review each use of these materials with the research supervisor and review
ongoingusesannuallyorwheneveraproceduralchangeismade.
d. Storethesesubstances,properlylabeled,inanadequatelyventilatedareainanunbreakablesecondarycontainer.
e. Notify supervisors of all incidents of exposure or spills; consult a qualified
physicianwhenappropriate.
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f. Listofallergens(sensitizers)usedinthislab:
ChemicalName CASnumber Manufacturer (ifknown)
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3.2WorkwithChemicalsofHighAcuteToxicityAcute toxicity is the ability of a chemical to cause a harmful effect after a single exposure.Acutely toxic agents cause local toxic effects, systemic toxic effects, or both. This class oftoxicants includes corrosive chemicals, irritants, and allergens. Examples include:diisopropylfluorophosphate,hydrofluoricacid,andhydrogencyanide.
a. Aim: To minimize exposure to these toxic substances by any route using all
reasonableprecautions.
b. Applicability: Theseprecautionsareappropriate for substanceswithmoderatechronicorhighacutetoxicityusedinsignificantquantities.
c. Location:Useandstorethesesubstancesonlyinareasofrestrictedaccesswith
specialwarningsigns.
i. Always use an approved hood or other containment device forprocedures which may result in the generation of aerosols orvaporscontainingthesubstance.
ii. Trap released vapors to prevent their discharge with the hoodexhaust.
e. Personalprotection:Alwaysavoidskincontactbyuseofglovesandlongsleeves
(and other protective apparel as appropriate). Always wash hands and armsimmediatelyafterworkingwiththesematerials.
f. Records:Maintainrecordsoftheamountsofthesematerialsonhand,amounts
used,andthenamesoftheworkersinvolved.
g. Preventionofspillsandaccidents:Bepreparedforaccidentsandspills.Assurethatatleast2peoplearepresentatalltimesifacompoundinuseishighlytoxicorofunknowntoxicity.
i. Store breakable containers of these substances in chemically
resistanttrays.Also,workandmountapparatusabovesuchtraysor cover work and storage surfaces with removable, absorbent,plasticbackedpaper.
ii. Ifamajorspilloccursoutsidethehood,evacuatetheareaandcall
9-1-1.
h. Waste:Followingusethoroughlydecontaminateclothingorshoes. Ifpossible,chemically decontaminate by chemical conversion. Store waste or othercontaminatedobjectsinclosed,suitablylabeled,imperviouscontainers.DisposeofinaccordancewithUSUHazardousWasteguidelines.
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i. Listingofchemicalsinthislabconsideredtobeofhighacutetoxicity:ChemicalName CASnumber Manufacturer (ifknown)
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3.3WorkwithReproductiveToxinsReproductive Toxins aredefinedby theOSHA Laboratory Standard as substances that causechromosomal damage (mutagens) and substances with lethal or teratogenic (malformation)effectsonfetuses. Thesesubstanceshaveadverseeffectsonvariousaspectsofreproductionincluding: fertility,gestation, lactation,andgeneral reproductiveperformance. Reproductivetoxinscanaffectbothmenandwomen.Embryotoxins or teratogens are chemicals that are harmful to a developing fetus at aconcentration that may have no effect on the mother (examples: organomercurials, leadcompounds,formamide). Embryotoxinshavethegreatest impactduringthefirsttrimesterofpregnancy. Becauseawomanoftendoesnotknowthatsheispregnantduringthisperiodofhighsusceptibility,womenofchildbearingpotentialareadvisedtobeespeciallycautiouswhenworkingwithchemicals,especiallythoserapidlyabsorbedthroughtheskin.Ifyouareawomanof childbearing age, handle these substancesonly in a hoodwhose satisfactory performancehas been confirmed, using appropriate protective apparel (especially gloves) to prevent skincontact. a. Review each use of these materials with the research supervisor and review
ongoingusesannuallyorwheneveraproceduralchangeismade.
b. Storethesesubstances,properlylabeled,inanadequatelyventilatedareainanunbreakablesecondarycontainer.
c. Notify supervisors of all incidents of exposure or spills; consult a qualified
physicianwhenappropriate.
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d. ListingofchemicalsinthislabconsideredtobeReproductivetoxins:ChemicalName CASnumber Manufacturer (ifknown)
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3.4WorkwithChemicalsofHighChronicToxicity(Carcinogens)A carcinogen is a substance capable of causing cancer. Carcinogens are chronically toxicsubstances; that is, they cause damage after repeated or long-duration exposure and theireffects may become evident only after a long latency period. Carcinogens are particularlyinsidioustoxinsbecausetheymayhavenoimmediateapparentharmfuleffects.Compoundsthatareknowntoposethegreatestcarcinogenichazardarereferredtoasselectcarcinogens. A select carcinogen isdefined in theOSHALaboratoryStandardasa substancethatmeetsoneofthefollowingcriteria: 1.ItisregulatedbyOSHAasacarcinogen. 2. It is listedasknown tobeacarcinogen in the latestAnnualReportonCarcinogens
issuedbytheNationalToxicologyProgram(NTP). 3. It is listed underGroup I (carcinogenic to humans) by the International Agency for
ResearchforCancer(IARC). 4. It is listedunder IARCGroup2A (probably carcinogenic tohumans) or 2B (possibly
carcinogenic to humans), or under the category “reasonably anticipated to be acarcinogen”bytheNTP.
Examples: dimethyl mercury and nickel carbonyl, benzo-a-pyrene, N-nitrosodiethylamine,formaldehyde,andotherhumancarcinogensorsubstanceswithhighcarcinogenicpotency inanimals.
a. Access: Conduct all transfers andworkwith these substances in a"designatedandcontrolledarea".
i. Controlledareasinclude:arestrictedaccesschemicalhood,glovebox, or portion of a lab designated for use of highly toxicsubstances.
ii. These restricted areas will be posted with warning signs, toensure that people with access to the lab are aware of thesubstancesbeingusedandnecessaryprecautions.
iii. Thesesubstanceswillbestoredseparatelywithaccessrestricted.
b. Signsandlabels:Assurethatthedesignatedandcontrolledareaisconspicuouslymarkedwithwarningandrestrictedaccesssignsandthatallcontainersofthesesubstancesareappropriatelylabeledwithidentityandwarninglabels.
c. Approvals:Prepareaplanforuseanddisposalofthesematerialsandobtainthe
approvalofthelaboratorysupervisor.
d. Non-contamination/Decontamination: i. Protect vacuum pumps against contamination by scrubbers or
HEPAfiltersandventthemintothehood. ii. Decontaminate vacuum pumps or other contaminated
equipment, including glassware, in the hood before removingthemfromthecontrolledarea.
iii. Decontaminate the controlled area before normal work isresumedthere.
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e. Exiting:Onleavingacontrolledarearemoveanyprotectiveapparel(placingitin
anappropriate, labeledcontainer)and thoroughlywashhands, forearms, face,andneck.
f. Housekeeping:UseawetmoporavacuumcleanerequippedwithaHEPAfilter
insteadofdrysweepingifthetoxicsubstancewasadrypowder.g. Medical surveillance: If using toxicologically significant quantities of such a
substance on a regular basis (e.g., 3 times per week), consult a qualifiedphysicianconcerningdesirabilityofregularmedicalsurveillance.
h. Records:Keepaccuraterecordsoftheamountsofthesesubstancesstoredand
used,thedatesofuse,andnamesofusers.
i. Spills: Assure that contingency plans, equipment, and materials to minimizeexposuresofpeopleandpropertyincaseofaccidentareavailable.
j. Storage:Storecontainersofthesechemicalsonlyinaventilated,limitedaccess
area in appropriately labeled, unbreakable, chemically resistant, secondarycontainers.
k. Gloveboxes:Foranegativepressureglovebox,ventilationratemustbeatleast
2volumechanges/hourandpressureatleast0.5inchesofwater.Forapositivepressureglovebox,thoroughlycheckfor leaksbeforeeachuse. Ineithercase,trap theexit gasesor filter them throughaHEPA filter and then release themintothehood.
l. Waste: Use chemical decontamination whenever possible; ensure that
containersofcontaminatedwaste(includingwashingsfromcontaminatedflasks)are transferred from the controlled area in a secondary container under thesupervisionofauthorizedpersonnel. Disposeofwaste inaccordancewithUSUHazardousWasteguidelines.
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p. List of chemicals in this lab considered to be of high chronic toxicity
(Carcinogens):ChemicalName CASNumber Manufacturer (ifknown)
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3.5AnimalWorkwithChemicalsofHighChronicToxicity(Carcinogens) a. Access: For large scale studies, special facilities with restricted access are
preferable. b. Administrationofthetoxicsubstance:Whenpossible,administerthesubstance
byinjectionorgavageinsteadofinthediet.Ifadministrationisinthediet,useacagingsystemundernegativepressureorunderlaminarairflowdirectedtowardHEPAfilters.
c. Aerosolsuppression:Deviseprocedureswhichminimizeformationanddispersal
ofcontaminatedaerosols, includingthosefromfood,urine,andfeces(e.g.,useHEPA filtered vacuum equipment for cleaning,moisten contaminated beddingbeforeremovalfromthecage,mixdietsinclosedcontainersinahood).
d. Personalprotection:Whenworking intheanimalroom,wearplasticorrubber
gloves, fully buttoned laboratory coat or jumpsuit and, if needed because ofincomplete suppression of aerosols, other apparel and equipment (shoe andheadcoverings,respirator).
e. Waste disposal: Dispose of contaminated animal tissues and excreta by
incinerationiftheavailableincineratorcanconvertthecontaminanttonon-toxicproducts; otherwise, package the waste appropriately and dispose of wasteaccordingtoUSUHazardousWasteGuidelines.
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f. List of chemicals of high chronic toxicity (carcinogens) involved with animalworkinthislab:
ChemicalName CASnumber Manufacturer (ifknown)
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3.6WorkwithMaterialsthatposeasignificantPhysicalHazardOSHAdefinesaphysicalhazardsasachemicalforwhichthereisscientificallyvalidevidencethatitisacombustibleliquid,acompressedgas,explosive,flammable,anorganicperoxide,anoxidizer,pyrophoric,unstable(reactive),orwater-reactive.Otherphysicalhazardsinclude:CryogensElectrichazardsHighpressurereactionsMagneticfieldsRadiofrequency,microwave,ultraviolet,andinfraredradiationVacuumworkCutting,sawing,orgrindingLabspecificSOPsforPhysicalHazardsshouldbedevelopedandinsertedhere.
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4.StandardOperatingProcedures(SOPs)specifictothislaboratory a. Aim:toassurethathazardousoperationsspecifictothelabareconductedina
prudentlysafemanner. b. Content: Chemical Hygiene SOPs may be incorporated into general lab
proceduralprotocolsormaybewrittenupseparately.TheseSOPscontain1)themajorhazardsassociatedwithataskand/orchemicalsand2)controlstoavoidexposure.ExamplesofSOPscanbefoundinPrudentPractices,chapters1B,1Cand 1D. A guide to preparing Chemical Hygiene SOPs is available from theCampusEH&SOffice.
ExamplesofproceduresortasksthatsupportimplementationofSOPs.
1)Useofperchloricacid.
2)Endofdayclean-upprocedures.3) Mixing of acrylamide gels-will be conducted in a "controlled area", withlocal exhaust (i.e. a lab hood) and measures taken to limit exposureincludingpreventingskincontact.4)UseofEthidiumBromide-similartonumber3above.
c. InsertanySOPsspecifictothelabafterthispage.
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5.ChemicalProcurement,Distribution,andStorage a. Procurement:Before a substance is received, information on proper handling,
storage,anddisposalwillbeknowntothosewhowillbeinvolved.Nocontainerwillbeacceptedwithoutanadequateidentifyinglabel.
b. Stockrooms/storerooms: i. Incompatible substances will be segregated in a well-identified
areawithlocalexhaustventilation. ii. Chemicals which are highly toxic or other chemicals whose
containers have been opened will be in unbreakable secondarycontainers.
iii. Storedchemicalswillbeexaminedperiodically(atleastannually)forreplacement,deterioration,andcontainerintegrity.
iv. Chemicalswithsensitiveshelflives,suchasperoxideformers,willbedatedandusedordisposedofproperlywithinsuggestedshelflifeperiod.
v. Stockrooms/storerooms will not be used as preparation orrepackagingareas,willbeopenduringnormalworkinghours,andwillbecontrolledbyoneperson.
c. Distribution:Whenchemicalsarehandcarried, thecontainerwillbeplaced in
suitable secondary containment (e.g. an outside container or bucket).Freight-onlyelevatorswillbeusedifpossible.
d. Laboratorystorage: i. Amountspermittedwillbeassmallaspractical.Storageonbench
topsandinhoodsisinadvisable. ii. Exposuretoheatordirectsunlightwillbeavoided. iii. Periodic inventories will be conducted, with unneeded items
beingdiscarded, returnedto thestoreroom/stockroom,ormadeavailabletootherusers.
iv. Carewillbetakentoprotect the integrityofchemicals, (preventcontaminationetc.)sothatthechemicalscanbeofusetoothers.
v. Properstoragewillensurethatincompatiblechemicalsarestoredseparately.
vi. Chemicals referred to in 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6 will bestoredinareasofrestrictedaccess.
6.EnvironmentalMonitoring a. Regular instrumental monitoring of airborne concentrations is not usually
justified or practical in laboratories but may be appropriate when testing orredesigninghoodsorotherventilationdevicesorwhenahighlytoxicsubstanceisstoredorusedregularly(e.g.3times/week).
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7.HousekeepingandMaintenance
a. Cleaning:Floorswillbecleanedregularly.
b. Maintenance: i. Eyewash fountains should be inspected by users at intervals of
notlessthan3months. ii. All labswillhavereadyemergencyaccesstoaneyewashstation
anddrenchshower,andthelocationwillbecommunicatedtoallworkers.
iii. Respirators for routine use will be inspected periodically. Allrespirator userswill be enrolled in theUSURespirator Program,willbetrained,andfittested.
iv. Othersafetyequipmentwillbeinspectedregularly(e.g.,every3-6months)andpriortouse.
v. Procedurestopreventrestartingofout-of-serviceequipmentwillbeestablished.
c. Passageways:Stairwaysandhallwayswillnotbeusedasstorageareas.Access
toexits,emergencyequipment,andutilitycontrolswillneverbeblocked.d. Aisles and Walkways: Aisles and walkways will be kept clear and free of
obstruction. Boxes,bottlesof chemical,waste containers, labequipment, andothermaterialsshouldnotbestoredonthefloorinaislesorwalkways.
8.LaboratoryAudits a. Frequency:Formalhousekeepingandchemicalhygieneauditsofthelaboratory
willbeheldatleastquarterly. b. Documentation:Datedcopiesofthecompletedquarterlyauditswillbefiledat
theendofthisplan.AcopyoftheSafetyAuditwillbesenttotheEH&SOffice. c. Informalinspectionsshouldbecontinual.9.MedicalProgram
a. Compliancewithregulations:Regularmedicalsurveillancewillbeestablishedtotheextentrequiredbyregulations.
b. Routine surveillance: Anyone whose work involves regular and frequent
handling of toxicologically significant quantities of a chemical will consult aqualified physician to determine on an individual basis whether a regularscheduleofmedicalsurveillanceisdesirable.
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c. Firstaid: i. Personnel trained in first aid will be available during working
hours. ii. Incaseofamedicalemergencycall911. Tellthedispatcher:
• Locationofthepatient(building&roomnumber)• Name and condition of the patient (alert, conscious,
breathing iv. USU employees with non-life threatening injuries should be
evaluatedatIHCWorkMed,412North200East,435-713-2700. v. Supervisorsmustbenotifiedofanyworkrelatedinjuryorillness.
Supervisors are required to fill out appropriate worker’scompensationformsavailableontheHRwebsite.
vi. All laboratory injuries or illnesses must be reported to theChemicalHygieneOfficer.
10.ProtectiveApparelandEquipmentThesewillincludeforeachlaboratory:
a. Protective apparel compatible with the required degree of protection forsubstancesbeinghandled.
b. Aneasilyaccessibledrench-typesafetyshower. c. Aneyewashfountain. d. Afireextinguisher. e. Respiratory Protection - Anyworker issued a respiratormust be trained in its
appropriateuseandundergomedicaldeterminationoffitness.Thisisasimpleprocess,throughwhichEH&Scanguideyou.Foradditionalinformation,contactEH&Sat797-2892.
f. Firealarmandtelephoneforemergencyusewillbeavailablenearby. g. OtheritemsdesignatedbythelaboratorySafetyCoordinator.11.Records
a. Accidentrecordswillbewrittenandretained. b. ChemicalHygienePlanrecordswilldocumentthatthefacilitiesandprecautions
arecompatiblewithcurrentknowledgeandregulations. c. Inventoryandusagerecordsforhigh-risksubstanceswillbekept.
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d. Medical records will be retained by the institution in accordance with the
requirementsofstateandfederalregulations.12.SignsandLabelsProminentsignsandlabelsofthefollowingtypeswillbeposted:
a. Emergency telephone numbers including: emergency personnel/facilities,
supervisors,laboratorypersonnel,andotherpertinentcontactpersons.b. Chemical container labels showing contents of containers (including waste
receptacles)andassociatedhazards.Allcontainersmusthavealegiblelabel. c. Location signs for safety showers, eyewash stations, other safety and first aid
equipment,exitsandareaswherefoodandbeverageconsumptionandstoragearepermitted.Foodandbeverageswillnotbeallowedinareaswherechemicalsarestoredorhandled
d. Warningsatareasorequipmentwherespecialorunusualhazardsexist. Thisincludescontrolledareasforuseofchemicalsdescribedin3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4,
3.5,and3.6.13.SpillsandAccidents
a. Spillresponseplanwillbeestablishedandcommunicatedtoallpersonnel.Itwillincludeproceduresfor: ventilationfailure,evacuation,medicalcare,reporting,prevention,containment,cleanup,anddrills.
b. Therewillbeanalarmsystemtoalertpeopleinallpartsofthefacilityincluding
isolationareassuchascoldrooms.
c. All accidents or near accidents will be carefully analyzed with the resultsdistributedtoallwhomightbenefit.Allchemicalspillsmustbereportedtothesupervisor.
d. Forquestionsonspillclean-upproceduresconsulttheSDSorcallEH&Sat797-
2892. e. Intheeventofachemicalspillemergency,dial911.14.InformationandTrainingProgram
a. Aim: To assure that all individuals at risk are adequately informed about the
workinthelaboratory,itsrisks,andwhattodoifanaccidentoccurs.LaboratorySafetyTrainingseminarsareavailablethroughEH&S.
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b. EmergencyandPersonalProtectionTraining:Everylaboratoryworkerwillknowthe location and proper use of available protective apparel, emergencyequipmentandprocedures.
Suchtrainingaswellasfirstaid instructionwillbeavailabletoandencouragedforeveryonewhomightneedit.FirstaidcoursesareofferedthroughthelocalRedCrossChapter.
c. Handling: Receiving and stockroom/storeroom personnel will know about
hazards,handlingequipment,protectiveapparel,andrelevantregulations.d. Frequency of Training: The training and education programwill be a regular,
continuingactivity-notsimplyanannualpresentation.Alllaboratorypersonnelare required to attend the Laboratory Safety Initial training course offered byEH&S. PeriodicLabSafetyRefreshertrainingcanbescheduledfor laboratoriesand/ordepartments.AvarietyoftrainingmaterialsareavailablefromtheEH&Soffice.
e. Literature/Consultation: Literature and consultation concerning chemical
hygiene is readily available to laboratory personnel, through EH&S 797-2892.Laboratorypersonnelareencouragedtousetheseinformationresources.
15.WasteDisposalProgram
a. Aim:Toassurethatthepotentialminimalharmtopeopleandtheenvironmentresultingfromthedisposalofchemicalwasteisminimized.
b. Content:Chemicalwasteandradioactivewastedisposal requestscanbemade
onlineathttp://rgs.usu.edu/ehs/htm/hazardous-waste-pickup. c. Discarding Chemical Stocks: Designate chemicals that are no longer need as
waste.Everypossibleeffortshouldbemadebylaboratorypersonneltoidentifyexactly or generally chemicals contained in any unlabeled containers. In theeventwastechemicalsmaybepotentiallyexplosive(e.g.picricacid,ethersetc.)theymustnotbeopenedormovedbylaboratorypersonnel.
Alldepartingemployees, includingfaculty,students,andstaffmustensurethat
all chemicals inhis/herworkareaareproperlydistributed. All chemicalsmustbediscarded,returnedtostorage,orgiventoafellowresearcher.
d. Frequency of Disposal: Waste must be stored in a secure place within the
laboratoryandremovedataregularinterval.
e. MethodofDisposal:Alldiscardedchemicalsareshippedoff-siteandhandledatapproved disposal facilities. USU personnel should not attempt to minimizechemical waste through practices such as elementary neutralization, chemical
29
reactions, dilution, or evaporation, unless these practices are part of theexperiment. Disposal by pouring waste chemicals down the drain isunacceptable.
E.ChemicalInventoryInsertLabSpecificChemicalInventoryHereorAttachasanAppendixtothisdocument.F.SafetyDataSheetsSafety Data Sheets contain information on the hazardous properties and proper handling ofchemicals. OSHA requires chemical handlers be familiarwith the chemicalswithwhich theywork. OSHAalsorequiresthatworkershavereadyaccesstoanSDSforeachchemical inthework area. You will receive a SDS with or shortly after the arrival of an ordered chemicalproduct.RequestacopyoftheSDSforeachproductyoupurchase.SDSsshouldbemaintainedin a notebook or file that is easily accessible to employees in the lab. Most chemicalmanufacturersanddistributorshaveSDSsavailableontheirwebsites.G.PhysicalHazardsNumerousphysicalhazardsmaybepresentinthelaboratory.Physicalhazardsareresponsiblefor the majority of workplace injuries. Many of the above recommendations are directedprimarilytowardpreventionoftoxicexposureandrelatedhealtheffectsratherthanpreventionofphysical injury. However,failuretotakeprecautionsagainstphysical injurywilloftenhavethesecondaryeffectofcausingtoxicexposures.Pleasenotethatthemostcurrentversionofthe USU Chemical Hygiene Plan (2013) has been modified to specifically address physicalhazardsinsection3.6.Belowaresomeofthemajorcategoriesofphysicalhazardswhichalsohaveimplicationsforchemicalhygiene:
1.Compressedgases2.Electricallypoweredlaboratoryequipment3.Firesorexplosions4.Proceduresinvolvingtemperatureextremes(bothlowandhigh)5.Pressurizedandvacuumoperations(includinguseofcompressedgascylinders)
6.Slipperysurfacesortrippinghazards 7.Useofpowertools(cutting,sanding,grinding) 8.SharpsTheFireMarshal'sOfficeoffersadviceon fireandelectrical safety, and sponsorsahandsonextinguishertrainingsession.TheUSULabSafetyAuditFormincludessectionsonbasiccontrolmethodsforbothphysicalandhealthhazardsinlaboratories.H.LabSafetyTrainingCertificates
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