charting a course of action for instruction & learning
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Charting a Course of Action for Instruction & Learning
Ashland City School District Deconstructing & Mapping the New
StandardsFall, 2012
Essential Questions
What are “Learning Targets”?
Do I know how to identify the “Concept/s & Learning Target/s” of the Common Core State Standards?
How do the Learning Targets connect to “Levels of Rigor”
What is Rigor?
How do I look for RIGOR during a classroom walkthrough?
What is “Cognitive Demand”?
Reflection.....
In our teacher training…• we likely first
learned to lesson plan
• then we wrote unit plans
…but the complete picture may never had been painted.
Often times we missed the “Learning Target”...
Let’s have a system – because...
Hope is not a strategy –and
Random “piecing together” is not a tactic
Understanding standards requires a systematic approach....
Students who can identify what they are learning will significantly outscore those
who cannot!
Robert J. Marzano
Reflection.....
Educators & Students must be able to answer……
Where am I going?
Where am I now?
How can I close the gap?
How will I know I’m getting there?
How can I keep it going?
Spiraling and Scaffolding
What is the difference between spiraling and scaffolding?
Scaffolding & Spiraling
Standard Deconstruction
RL 9-10. 1. Cite strong and “thorough” textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.
Section 2: Deconstruction/Unpacking the Standards
Compare & Contrast
RL.8.1. Cite the textual evidence “that most strongly” supports an analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text
RL 9-10. 1. Cite “strong and thorough” textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.
RL.11-12.1 Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text , “including determining where the text leaves matters uncertain.”
Keys to Discovering the Learning Targets?
First, identify the “Learning/Achieveme
nt Targets”
Find in the standard what you want students to do.
Essential Question:Why are clear “Learning Targets” important for
teachers?
Teacher Discussion Groups
Groups share
Improving Student Learning
5 Research-based strategies that significantly improve student learning: Clear learning targets Questioning Feedback Peer assessment Self-assessment
Learning Targets
Knowledge
Reasoning
Demonstration
Products
Target #1 - Knowledge
Mastery of a
subject content
includes both
knowing and
understanding it.
Knowledge Examples
Identify metaphors and similes
Read and write quadratic equations
Describe the function of a cell membrane
Know the multiplication tables
Explain the effects of an acid or a base
Target #2 - Reasoning
The ability to use knowledge and understanding to figure things out and to solve problems.
Reasoning Examples
Use statistical methods to describe, analyze, evaluate, and make decisions.
Make a prediction based on evidence.
Examine data/results and propose a meaningful interpretation.
Distinguish between historical fact and opinion.
Target #3 Demonstration
The development of proficiency in doing something where the process is most important.
Demonstration Examples
Measure mass in metric and SI units
Use simple equipment and tools to gather data
Read aloud with fluency and expression
Participates in civic discussions with the aim of solving current problems
Dribbles to keep the ball away from an opponent
Target #4 - Products
The ability to create tangible products that meet certain standards of quality and present concrete evidence of academic proficiency.
Product Examples
Construct a bar graph
Develop a personal health-related fitness plan
Construct a physical model of an object
Write a term paper to support a thesis
Essential Question
What is the difference between a
STANDARD
and a
TARGET
An Example
STANDARD: An excellent golf swing
TARGETS: Proper placement for feet (stance) Proper grip while maintaining stance Swing A, B, C (3-parts to swing)
ACTIVITIES: Watch videos of great golfers and imitate
their stance
When should
these be added and/or
developed?
Creating Targets for “Driving a Car with Skill”
What knowledge will students need to demonstrate the intended learning?
What patterns of reasoning will they need to master?
What demonstration of understanding is required, if any?
What product development capabilities must they acquire, if any?
Driving a Car with Skill
Knowledge Know the law Read signs and understand what they mean
Reasoning Evaluate ‘am I safe’ and synthesize
information Take action if needed
Demonstration Steering, shifting, parallel parking, …
Product
Integrate and follow with mastery all laws, signs, driving guidelines while driving
Are the Standards Clear?
Deconstruction involves taking a standard and breaking it down into manageable learning targets—Knowledge, Reasoning, Demonstration, and/or Products—so that students and teachers can accurately identify what students should know and be able to do.
Why Deconstruct the Standards?
Although the New Standards have been written to be precise and clear, they are still open to multiple interpretations
Standards are not meant to be mastered in one learning opportunity
Educators and students require common and clear learning targets
The rigor of the curriculum is identified in the skills students are learning – NOT THE STANDARDS
Deconstructing the Standards – Step #1
Steps to Define Learning Targets
1. Identify the nouns and noun phrases to identify key concepts (what kids need to know).
2. Locate verbs (what kids need to do with the concepts) to identify key target(s).
3. Place the targets into one or more Learning Target Categories
Section 2: Steps 1, 2, and 3
Deconstruction/Unpacking the Standards
Step 1:Identify Key Concepts
Step 2:Determine the Learning Targets (Verbs)
Step 3: Learning Target (K, R, D, P)
Strong Textual EvidenceThorough textual EvidenceAnalysisTextInferences
CiteSupportDrawn from text
KK/RR
RL 9-10. 1. Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.
Securely Held Content
Step 4: Identify the Securely Held Content by:
a. Identifying if this a culminating standard?
b. What part of the standard will be used in the assessment
Step 5: Clarify Terms Vocabulary
Clarify Terms that might be interpreted in multiple ways for interpretation or seem vague.
What terms must students know?
Application Activity: Identify the Learning Targets in the
following standard.
• Underline the key concepts (nouns or noun phrases)Identify the learning targets (verbs)
RL.8.2: Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including its relationship to the characters, setting, and plot: provide an objective summary of the text
Without Clear Targets We Can’t
Do Any of the Following…
Know if the assessment adequately assesses the standards
Correctly identify what students know and don’t know; and their level of achievement.
Plan next steps in instruction.
Give detailed, descriptive feedback to students.
Have students self-assess or set goals likely to help them learn more.
Progress monitor a student’s mastery of the learning target within each standard.
Create a standards-based report card.
Where do we go from here?
Handbook Walkthrough
Mapping
Classroom Walkthroughs
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