chapter1b

Homeostasis

Positive Feedback Mechanisms

Review:

The Language of Anatomy & Anatomical Position

• Universally accepted terminology to identify body parts, regions, and direction

• Anatomical position: – Forward-facing– Upright– Feet slightly apart– Upturned palms (facing you)

Directional Terms

• Also…– Cranial =

Superior– Caudal = Inferior– Intermediate– Superficial– Deep

Body Planes & Sections

Frontal or Coronal

Sagittal

Median or Midsagittal

Transverse orHorizontal

Organization of the Human Body

• Axial & Appendicular portion

• Body Cavities

• Membranes

Body Cavities (Lateral View)

Cranial Cavity

Vertebral Cavity

Thoracic Cavity

Diaphragm

Abdominal Cavity

Pelvic Cavity

Body Cavities (Anterior View)

CranialCavity

VertebralCavity

Pelvic

Cavity

AbdominalCavity

Diaphragm

Pleural

Pericardial Cavity

ThoracicCavity

Mediastinum

Membranes/ Serous Membranes

• Soft, thin, pliable double-layer of tissue that covers organs or lines body cavities

• Cavity lining = parietal serosa

• Organ lining = visceral serosa

• Serous fluid

Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Membranes

Thoracic Cavity Pericardial Cavity

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Visceral Pleura Visceral Pericardium

Visceral Peritoneum

Pleural Cavity Pericardial Cavity Peritoneal Cavity

Parietal Pleura Parietal Pericardium

Parietal Peritoneum

Example: Thoracic Membranes

Visceral Pericardium

Parietal Pericardium

Visceral Pleura

Parietal Pleura

Abdominopelvic Quadrants

Abdominopelvic Regions

Other Body Cavities