chapter 8.6: nervous system

CHAPTER 8.6: NERVOUS

SYSTEM

CEREBRUM CONT… Association Areas Interpret incoming data Coordinate motor response Somatic sensory association area Allows you to recognize touch Somatic motor association area Coordinates learned movements Ex: Picking up a glass

FIGURE 8.19

CEREBRUM CONT… Corpus callosum Connects the two hemispheres

FIGURE 8.20

CEREBRUM CONT… Integrative Centers Control extremely complex motor

activities Performs complicated analytical

functions General Interpretive Area Receives information from all sensory

association areas Role in personality Complex visual and auditory memories

FIGURE 8.20

CEREBRUM CONT… Speech Center AKA: Broca’s Area Usually left hemisphere Regulates breathing and vocalization for

speech Adjusted by feedback from auditory

association area

CEREBRUM CONT… Prefrontal Cortex Can predict future consequences Causes tension, frustration and anxiety If disconnected from brain, these

feelings are removed Prefrontal lobotomy—used in early

1900s “Cured” mental illness

CEREBRUM CONT… Aphasia Damage to general interpretive area Can’t speak, read, understand or

interpret speech Usually due to stroke or brain tumor

CEREBRUM CONT… Dyslexia Affects comprehension and use of words About 15% of American kids have it Difficulty reading/writing Intellect normal Writing uneven and disorganized Letters written in wrong order Ex: Dig become Gid

CEREBRUM CONT… Hemispheric Lateralization (L/R sides) Left Hemisphere Interpretation Speech centers Reading and Writing Hand movements for right handed

people Math and logical decision making

FIGURE 8.20

CEREBRUM CONT… Right Hemisphere Senses Identify objects by touch, smell, taste or

feel Recognizes faces Analyze emotions

FIGURE 8.20

CEREBRUM CONT… Electroencephalogram (EEG) Printed record of brain activity

FIGURE 8.21

CEREBRUM CONT… Memory Stored bits of information Facts—specific bits of information Skill—learned motor behavior Short term memory—doesn’t last long Can be recalled immediately Long term memory—remains for life Stored in cerebral cortex Amnesia—loss of memory due to

disease or trauma

CEREBRUM CONT… Basal nuclei Activities outside of conscious

awareness Ex: How to walk

CEREBRUM CONT… Seizures Temporary cerebral disorder Abnormal involuntary movement Change in electrical activities of the

brain