chapter 19 sec3 halocaust

Chapter 19 Sec. 3The Holocaust

The Holocaust refers to the Nazi campaign to exterminate the Jews

during World War II.During the Holocaust, the Nazis killed

nearly 6 million Jews, as well as others they considered inferior.

Nazi Ideology

• Once the Nazis took power in Germany, they acted swiftly to implement the political racial policies Hitler had outlined in Mein Kampf.

• Not only Jews, but also the disabled, Gypsies, homosexuals, Slavic people, and anyone who opposed Hitler were persecuted.

The Nuremberg laws

• After the Nazi’s took power, they quickly implemented laws that deprived Jews of many of their rights.

• Banned marriage between Jews and other Germans

• Defined what a Jew was• Prohibited Jews from holding public office or

voting• Banned Jews from practicing law and medicine

• With no means of income or money, life for them became very difficult. However because they had been so integrated in German society, many chose to stay, believing things would improve. But they did not improve.

Kristallnacht - “Night of broken glass”• series of co-ordinated attacks against Jews on 9–10

November 1938, carried out by SA stormtroopers and civilians. German authorities looked on without intervening. The attacks left the streets covered with broken glass from the windows of Jewish-owned stores, buildings, and synagogues.

• At least 91 Jews were killed in the attacks, and a further 30,000 arrested and incarcerated. Jewish homes, hospitals, and schools were ransacked, as the attackers demolished buildings with sledgehammers. Over 1,000 synagogues were burned (95 in Vienna alone), and over 7,000 Jewish businesses destroyed or damaged. Wikipedia

Kristallnacht-pictures

• http://youtu.be/6MFo4vq-cnM

Jewish Refugees Try to Flee

• After Kristallnacht, many Jews decided to leave Germany and flee. Many decided to go to the United States.

• Between 1933-1939, more than 350,000 Jews escaped Germany.

• Albert Einstein left during this time as well as Otto Frank and his daughter Anne.

• A backlog of visas for the US occurred, many were trapped in Nazi-dominated Europe.

US limits immigration to Jews

• Jews were limited to $4 –US laws restricted granting a visa to anyone who may become a public charge.

• High unemployment rates made immigration politically unpopular.

• Few Americans wanted to raise immigration quotas set at 150,000 annually per country.

SS St. Louis http://youtu.be/CaiU9YJmod0

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The Final Solution

• Methods to rid Europe of Jews had proven to be too slow and inefficient.

• Decision was made for Concentration camps—there healthy individuals would work as slave laborers until they dropped dead. All other would be sent to extermination camps to be executed in massive gas chambers.

• Life is Beautiful• http://youtu.be/16RZHqCIy9M• The Boy in the Striped Pajamas• http://youtu.be/CkzIC_bwxT8• Schindler’s List• http://youtu.be/dwfIf1WMhgc