ch. 6 - introduction to chemical bonding
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4/4/2013
1
Mr. Sudbury
� You must know the number of valence electrons for each atom. (Pattern on PT)(Pattern on PT)(Pattern on PT)(Pattern on PT)
� ElectronElectronElectronElectron----dot notation dot notation dot notation dot notation can also be used to represent molecules.
� Lewis Structures Lewis Structures Lewis Structures Lewis Structures – Formulas in which atomic symbols represent nuclei and inner-shell electrons, dot pairs or dashes represent electron pairs SHARED in covalent bonds
� HHHH2222
� F2
� A single bond is a covalent bond produced by the sharing of one pair of electrons between atoms
� The electrons that are not used in bonding are called the unshared pair or lone pair.
� C2H4
� A double bond is a covalent bond produced by the sharing of two pairs of electrons between atoms
� N2
� A triple bond is a covalent bond produced by the sharing of three pairs of electrons between atoms
� VSEPRVSEPRVSEPRVSEPR – “Valence Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion”
� VSEPR Theory VSEPR Theory VSEPR Theory VSEPR Theory states that the repulsion between the sets of valence-level electrons surrounding an atom causes these sets to be as far apart as possible.
� VSEPR explains VSEPR explains VSEPR explains VSEPR explains why compounds take the shape they do. (Their molecular geometry.)
4/4/2013
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� Hybrid means something that is created from two different sources.
� Hybridization in atoms is when two or more atomic orbitals of similar energies on the same atoms combine to produce new orbitals of equal energies.
� Molecular Geometry is the study of the shapes that molecules make when they bond.
� Also, studying if a compound is polar or nonpolar.
� Electron Dot Diagrams
� Lewis Diagrams for compounds
� VSEPR – Molecule shapes
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